This proposal will deal with the design, the fabrication and the analytical applications of novel integrated
paper-based analytical devices (PADs) that will be used as electrochemical immunosensors for
multiplexed and quantitative determination of proteins that are relevant to food quality control, the
environment and clinical analysis. In particular, multiple microfluidic channels and appropriate zones (i.e.
for sample introduction, biochemical assay(s) and sink) will be patterned on hydrophilic paper via wax
printing, pen-plotting or lithography. On the reverse side of the paper, arrays of electrodes will be
deposited using microengineering approaches (such as sputtering), screen-printing, inkjet-printing or pen-
plotting. The microfluidic channels will be modified with capture biomolecules (primary antibodies) at
appropriate positions onto which the target proteins will be selectively retained by affinity interactions.
Τhen, the immobilized target proteins will be selectively bound with probe biomolecules (secondary
antibodies) labeled with nanomaterials (metal nanoparticles or quantum dots (nanocrystals made of
metal salts)). After the sandwich assay, the labels (metal nanoparticles or quantum dots) will be dissolved
with release of metal cations. These cations will be quantified with high sensitivity via anodic stripping
voltammetry by making use of the integrated electrode array. During this project, PADs will be fabricated
that will accommodate multiple immunosensor units enabling the parallel detection and quantifications
of more than one target proteins. The advantages of these devices will be their low cost, the
scope for mass production, the small size and portability, the potential for autonomous operation, the
high sensitivity and selectivity and the user friendliness.
paper-based analytical devices (PADs) that will be used as electrochemical immunosensors for
multiplexed and quantitative determination of proteins that are relevant to food quality control, the
environment and clinical analysis. In particular, multiple microfluidic channels and appropriate zones (i.e.
for sample introduction, biochemical assay(s) and sink) will be patterned on hydrophilic paper via wax
printing, pen-plotting or lithography. On the reverse side of the paper, arrays of electrodes will be
deposited using microengineering approaches (such as sputtering), screen-printing, inkjet-printing or pen-
plotting. The microfluidic channels will be modified with capture biomolecules (primary antibodies) at
appropriate positions onto which the target proteins will be selectively retained by affinity interactions.
Τhen, the immobilized target proteins will be selectively bound with probe biomolecules (secondary
antibodies) labeled with nanomaterials (metal nanoparticles or quantum dots (nanocrystals made of
metal salts)). After the sandwich assay, the labels (metal nanoparticles or quantum dots) will be dissolved
with release of metal cations. These cations will be quantified with high sensitivity via anodic stripping
voltammetry by making use of the integrated electrode array. During this project, PADs will be fabricated
that will accommodate multiple immunosensor units enabling the parallel detection and quantifications
of more than one target proteins. The advantages of these devices will be their low cost, the
scope for mass production, the small size and portability, the potential for autonomous operation, the
high sensitivity and selectivity and the user friendliness.
