@article {22718,
	title = {Two-dimensional PIC simulations of ion beam instabilities in Supernova-driven plasma flows},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008/06/1},
	pages = {065020},
	abstract = {Supernova remnant (SNR) blast shells can reach the flow speed $v_s = 0.1 c$ and shocks form at its front. Instabilities driven by shock-reflected ion beams heat the plasma in the foreshock, which may inject particles into diffusive acceleration. The ion beams can have the speed $v_b \approx v_s$. For $v_b \ll v_s$ the Buneman or upper-hybrid instabilities dominate, while for $v_b \gg v_s$ the filamentation and mixed modes grow faster. Here the relevant waves for $v_b \approx v_s$ are examined and how they interact nonlinearly with the particles. The collision of two plasma clouds at the speed $v_s$ is modelled with particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations, which convect with them magnetic fields oriented perpendicular to their flow velocity vector. One simulation models equally dense clouds and the other one uses a density ratio of 2. Both simulations show upper-hybrid waves that are planar over large spatial intervals and that accelerate electrons to $\sim$ 10 keV. The symmetric collision yields only short oscillatory wave pulses, while the asymmetric collision also produces large-scale electric fields, probably through a magnetic pressure gradient. The large-scale fields destroy the electron phase space holes and they accelerate the ions, which facilitates the formation of a precursor shock.},
	keywords = {Astrophysics},
	isbn = {0741-3335},
	url = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008PPCF...50f5020D},
	author = {Dieckmann, M. E. and Meli, A. and Shukla, P. K. and Drury, L. O. C. and Mastichiadis, A.}
}
