<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koutouvakis, N.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geladas, N.D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mouratidis, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toubekis, A.G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botonis, P.G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Habitual Nocturnal Sleep, Napping Behavior, and Recovery Following Training and Competition in Elite Water Polo: Sex-Related Effects</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arousal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">article</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">athlete</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Athletes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cohort analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Competition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competitive behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">duration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exercise</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">human experiment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">male and female athletes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">night sleep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">nighttime sleep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">normal human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Conditioning, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">physiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">procedures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sex factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sleep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sleep efficiency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sleep pattern</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sleep quality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sleep time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stage 1 sleep</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">team sport</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">team sports</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">time in bed</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">training</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wake up time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">wakefulness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water polo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">water sport</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water Sports</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workload</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85196788457&amp;doi=10.1123%2fijspp.2023-0296&amp;partnerID=40&amp;md5=d84347ddc60f67509ddfa16e2f3d0da2</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">651 - 660</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Purpose: To examine nocturnal sleep patterns, napping behaviors, and subjective wellness responses of elite water polo players within an in-season week and to identify whether sleeping patterns differ between men and women. Methods: Sleep characteristics of 10 male and 17 female professional water polo players were objectively assessed during 1 week of the in-season period, including 5 training days, 1 match day, and 1 day of rest. Internal load (rating of perceived exertion × duration of training or match) was assessed 30 minutes posttraining or postmatch, and the total quality of recovery was recorded every morning. A series of multilevel models were used to analyze the data. Results: Time in bed and wake-up time were earlier on both training (P &lt; .001) and rest days (P &lt; .001) than on the day of the match. Internal workload did not predict any of the players' sleeping patterns. Midday naps predicted less time in bed (P = .03) and likely less sleep time (P = .08). The total quality of recovery was predicted only by the total sleep time (P &lt; .01).Women exhibited higher sleep efficiency (P &lt; .001), less waking after sleep onset (P = .01), and a lower number of awakenings (P = .02) than men. Conclusions: The current results indicate that the nocturnal sleep patterns of elite water polo players are not associatedwith internal load and thatwomen display better nocturnal sleep quality compared with men. As long naps interfere with nocturnal sleep, and total nocturnal sleep time predicts total quality of recovery, we suggest that athletes follow hygiene sleep strategies to facilitate adequate nocturnal sleep and next-day recovery. © 2024 Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.. All rights reserved.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Export Date: 02 July 2025; Cited By: 3</style></notes></record></records></xml>