<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mouratidis, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michou, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koçak, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alp Christ, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selçuk, Ş.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The interplay between autonomy support and structure in the prediction of challenge-seeking, novelty avoidance, and procrastination</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Psychology</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">need support</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Response surface analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Self-determination theory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">teaching style</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85204513754&amp;doi=10.1080%2f01443410.2024.2402322&amp;partnerID=40&amp;md5=f06815752b7121a2cb9b802069c09e1e</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">803 - 822</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Although teachers’ autonomy support and structure are considered essential elements of the classroom environment to promote effective learning strategies, prior research has sometimes provided conflicting results. This inconsistency may stem from how autonomy support and structure relate to some outcomes but not others. Alternatively, this variability might be attributed to nonlinear relations, which have been scarcely tested thus far. In this cross-sectional study, we revisited this issue by examining both the linear and curvilinear relations of autonomy support and structure to challenge-seeking, novelty avoidance, and procrastination. Participants were 3,271 adolescents (Mage = 15.91, SD = 0.34 years; 59.8% females) from 116 classrooms. Multilevel polynomial regression analyses revealed that, compared to structure, autonomy support was a more reliable predictor of challenge-seeking, both at the student and the classroom levels. In contrast, structure predicted novelty avoidance and procrastination more reliably at both levels than autonomy support. Response surface analyses indicated that the most desired pattern existed at the line of congruence. Our findings suggest that both autonomy support and structure are needed to enhance students’ learning strategies. However, the degree of necessity may vary for specific outcomes, with one potentially being more crucial than the other. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor &amp; Francis Group.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Export Date: 02 July 2025; Cited By: 1</style></notes></record></records></xml>