@article {5269,
	title = {Patient radiation doses in various fluoroscopically guided orthopaedic procedures.},
	journal = {Radiat Prot Dosimetry},
	volume = {168},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016 Jan},
	pages = {72-5},
	abstract = {All orthopaedic fluoroscopic procedures performed using C-arm guidance were monitored for 1 y. The type of procedure, fluoroscopy time (T), kerma-area product (KAP) values and number of radiographs (F) were recorded. The two most often performed techniques were as follows: intramedullary nailing (IMN) of intertrochanteric/peritrochanteric (IP) fractures (101 cases, 49.3 \%) and antergrade IMN of femur or tibia shaft (TS) fractures (28 cases, 13.7 \%). For the remaining procedures, none accounted for >5 \%, categorised as {\textquoteright}various{\textquoteright} (76 cases, 37 \%). Large variations in T, KAP and F were observed. For IMN of IP fractures, antergrade IMN of femur and TS fractures and for various procedures, respectively, median values were T--2.1, 2.2 and 0.6 min, KAP--6.3, 6.3 and 0.6 Gy cm(-2) and F--21, 2.2 and 6.7. The patient doses during fluoroscopically guided procedures are relatively low compared with other interventional procedures.},
	keywords = {Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Femur, Fluoroscopy, Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary, Humans, Middle Aged, Orthopedic Procedures, Orthopedics, Radiation Dosage, radiation monitoring, Radiation Protection, Radiometry, Reproducibility of Results, Tibia, X-Rays},
	issn = {1742-3406},
	doi = {10.1093/rpd/ncv007},
	author = {Tsapaki, V and Tsalafoutas, I A and Fagkrezos, D and Lazaretos, I and Nikolaou, V S and Efstathopoulos, N}
}
