<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Efstathopoulos, Nicolas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Evangellos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanellakopoulou, Kyriaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lazarettos, Ioannis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giannoudis, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frangia, Konstantina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnissalis, Evangellos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papadaki, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikolaou, Vassilios S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment of experimental osteomyelitis by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus with bone cement system releasing grepafloxacin.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injury</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injury</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Bacterial Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone Cements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluoroquinolones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osteomyelitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piperazines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prosthesis-Related Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabbits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcal Infections</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1384-90</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The authors examined the effectiveness of the local anti-microbial treatment on methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) experimental osteomyelitis. Thirty-six rabbits with chronic MRSA osteomyelitis of the right femur were treated with local grepafloxacin delivery system prepared by a mixture of acrylic bone cement (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) plus 4% grepafloxacin. Osteomyelitis was induced by inoculating MRSA (100 microl of cultured bacteria; 10(7)) and the local insertion of a needle, serving as a foreign body, at the upper third of the femur. The course of the infection was followed by clinical, radiographic and microbiological examination. In the third week, all animals were re-operated, needles were removed, and antibiotic containing acrylic cement was implanted. Thereafter, one control and five treated animals were sacrificed per week, within 6 weeks. Osteomyelitis was found in all rabbits. In vitro grepafloxacin levels remained high throughout the 6 weeks of the experiment. Histologically tissue reaction against the cement was not observed. Osteomyelitis lesions and bone structure were progressively repaired after cement implantation. Biomechanical analysis showed no significant influence on the mechanical properties of acrylic cement due to grepafloxacin. The above mixture could prove to be an important supplementary method for the treatment of bone infections. Such a system could replace the use of gentamycin PMMA beads in the treatment of patients with chronic osteomyelitis due to MRSA. Furthermore, the proposed method could be used as a spacer after removal septic loosened prostheses in combination with systemic administration of antibiotics.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18656187?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>