<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Efstathopoulos, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsaganos, T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giamarellos-Bourboulis, E J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaldis, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicolaou, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papalois, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koutoukas, P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papachristou, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giamarellou, H</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early apoptosis of monocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory response and of bacterial translocation in an experimental model of multiple trauma.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Exp Immunol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin. Exp. Immunol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial Translocation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cells, Cultured</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fractures, Bone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipopolysaccharides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymphocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models, Animal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple Trauma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rabbits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">145</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139-46</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of apoptosis of monocytes in an experimental model of multiple trauma and its probable correlation to bacterial translocation. Thirty-two rabbits were applied in three groups: A, controls; B, myotomy of the right femur; and C, myotomy and fracture of the right femur. Blood was sampled for the estimation of endotoxins [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, malondialdehyde (MDA) and isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs, derived after centrifugation over Ficoll, were incubated in flasks and apoptosis of non-adherent lymphocytes and adherent monocytes was estimated after staining for Annexin-V and flow cytometry. TNF-alpha of supernatants of cultured monocytes was also determined. Tissue segments were cultured after death. Median survival of groups A, B and C was &gt; 14, &gt; 14 and 9.00 days, respectively. Apoptosis of lymphocytes in group C was higher than group A at 2, 4 and 48 h and of monocytes in group C higher than group A at 2 and 4 hours. LPS in group C was higher than group A at 2, 4 and 48 h. Apoptosis of lymphocytes and monocytes was correlated positively with serum TNF-alpha and negatively with TNF-alpha of monocyte supernatants. Cultures of organ segments of group A were sterile. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from liver, lung and spleen in five animals in group B (45.45%) and in six in group C (54.54%). Early apoptosis of blood monocytes supervened after multiple trauma; the phenomenon was accompanied by apoptosis of blood lymphocytes and subsequent bacterial translocation.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16792684?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>