@article {16609,
	title = {The effects of raloxifene and simvastatin on plasma lipids and endothelium},
	journal = {Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther.},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2003},
	note = {DA - 20031117
IS - 0920-3206 (Print)
IS - 0920-3206 (Linking)
LA - eng
PT - Clinical Trial
PT - Comparative Study
PT - Journal Article
PT - Randomized Controlled Trial
RN - 0 (Cell Adhesion Molecules)
RN - 0 (Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors)
RN - 0 (Lipids)
RN - 0 (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators)
RN - 4F86W47BR6 (Raloxifene Hydrochloride)
RN - AGG2FN16EV (Simvastatin)
SB - IM},
	month = {2003/07//},
	pages = {319 - 323},
	abstract = {PURPOSE: Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator and an attractive alternative to estrogen replacement as it obviates the need for a progestin and does not increase C-reactive protein levels. We compared the effects of simvastatin and raloxifene treatments on the lipid profile, the levels of adhesion molecules and the endothelium dependent and independent vasoreactivity. SUBJECTS \& METHODS: We treated 12 postmenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease with raloxifene 60 mg/day and simvastatin 20 mg/day in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. Each treatment period was 8 weeks long with a 4-week washout interval. Plasma lipids and cellular adhesion molecules were evaluated and peripheral blood flow studies with venous occlusion plethysmography were performed. RESULTS: Both simvastatin and raloxifene significantly reduced total [33\% (27-40), 12\% (0-24)] and LDL [44\% (36-52), 16\% (0-33)] cholesterol compared to baseline values (p < 0.05) but simvastatin was more effective than raloxifene (p < 0.005). None of the treatments had any significant effect on HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Only raloxifene significantly reduced Lp(a) [18\% (1-36)] and ICAM-1 [17\% (8-25)] and VCAM-1 [24\% (15-33)] plasma levels compared to baseline (p = 0.019, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.003, respectively). Hyperemic blood flow response on raloxifene was significantly higher compared to baseline [52\% (0-105)], (p < 0.05), whereas no significant change was noted on simvastatin. Endothelium independent blood flow induced by nitroglycerine was not influenced by either active treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Raloxifene administration is associated with lower ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and Lp(a) plasma levels and enhanced endothelium dependent dilation compared to simvastatin although simvastatin is more powerful in total and LDL cholesterol reduction},
	keywords = {Aged, Blood, blood supply, Cell adhesion molecules, Coronary artery disease, Cross-Over Studies, Double-Blind Method, drug effects, Endothelium,Vascular, Female, Forearm, Greece, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Hypercholesterolemia, Lipids, metabolism, Middle Aged, pharmacology, physiopathology, POSTMENOPAUSE, Raloxifene Hydrochloride, Regional Blood Flow, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators, Simvastatin, Vascular Resistance},
	url = {PM:14618093},
	author = {Sbarouni, E and Flevari,P. and Kroupis, C. and Kyriakides, ZS and Koniavitou,K. and Kremastinos, D.T.}
}
