@article {16614,
	title = {Hyperprolactinaemia in patients with heart failure: clinical and immunogenetic correlations},
	journal = {Eur.J.Clin.Invest},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2002},
	note = {DA - 20020315 IS - 0014-2972 (Print) IS - 0014-2972 (Linking) LA - eng PT - Journal Article RN - 0 (HLA-DQ Antigens) RN - 0 (HLA-DQ beta-Chains) RN - 0 (HLA-DQB1 antigen) RN - 0 (Receptors, Interleukin-2) SB - IM},
	month = {2002/02//},
	pages = {74 - 78},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Prolactin represents a stimulatory link between the neuroendocrine and immune systems, but its involvement in the neurohumoral adaptations to heart failure (HF) has not been explored. METHODS: We prospectively studied 55 patients (45 males, 10 females, age 48 +/- 7 years) with NYHA Class II/III HF due either to dilated cardiomyopathy (CMP) (n = 33) or ischemic heart disease (IHD) (n = 22). Serum prolactin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay, soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels by enzyme-linked immunoassay and HLA-DQ genotyping with PCR. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd) were assessed echocardiographically. RESULTS: Hyperprolactinaemia (17.3 +/- 4 ng mL-1 [Group I] vs. 4.64 +/- 2 ng mL-1 [Group II], P \&lt; 0.01) was found in 14 patients (8 with IHD, 6 with CMP). The distribution of HLA-DQB1 alleles was compared in the two groups and showed a significant increase in the frequency of *0301 (86\% in Group I vs. 45\% in Group II, P \&lt; 0.05). Histidine at position 30 of the HLA-DQB1 gene was found in 22\% of Group II but in none of Group I patients. Furthermore, there was an inverse correlation between the presence of histidine at position 30 and the levels of serum prolactin. Both sIL-2R levels, a marker of T-cell activation, and concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation were lower in Group I patients (561 +/- 106 vs. 804 +/- 109 pg mL-1 and 20.8 +/- 4 vs. 37.3 +/- 5 cpmX103 [3H] thymidine, respectively). LVEF was significantly higher (32 +/- 5\%) and LVEDd smaller (62.0 +/- 6 mm) in Group I compared to Group II (25 +/- 4\% and 68.0 +/- 5 mm, respectively, P \&lt; 0.01) patients. CONCLUSION: Hyperprolactinaemia presents in 25\% of patients with HF and may reflect decreased activation of T-lymphocytes associated with relatively preserved LV systolic function which is under immune-genetic control at the HLA-DQ locus},
	keywords = {Adult, Alleles, Cardiomyopathy,Dilated, Complications, Female, genetics, Greece, Heart failure, HLA-DQ Antigens, HLA-DQ beta-Chains, Humans, Hyperprolactinemia, immunology, In Vitro Techniques, Lymphocyte Activation, Male, metabolism, Middle Aged, Myocardial Ischemia, Receptors,Interleukin-2, T-Lymphocytes},
	url = {PM:11895452},
	author = {LIMAS, CJ and Kroupis, C. and Haidaroglou, A and Cokkinos, D.V.}
}
