@article {10885,
	title = {HIV-1 subtype distribution and its demographic determinants in newly diagnosed patients in Europe suggest highly compartmentalized epidemics.},
	journal = {Retrovirology},
	volume = {10},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013 Jan 14},
	pages = {7},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Understanding HIV-1 subtype distribution and epidemiology can assist preventive measures and clinical decisions. Sequence variation may affect antiviral drug resistance development, disease progression, evolutionary rates and transmission routes.

RESULTS: We investigated the subtype distribution of HIV-1 in Europe and Israel in a representative sample of patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2005 and related it to the demographic data available. 2793 PRO-RT sequences were subtyped either with the REGA Subtyping tool or by a manual procedure that included phylogenetic tree and recombination analysis. The most prevalent subtypes/CRFs in our dataset were subtype B (66.1\%), followed by sub-subtype A1 (6.9\%), subtype C (6.8\%) and CRF02_AG (4.7\%). Substantial differences in the proportion of new diagnoses with distinct subtypes were found between European countries: the lowest proportion of subtype B was found in Israel (27.9\%) and Portugal (39.2\%), while the highest was observed in Poland (96.2\%) and Slovenia (93.6\%). Other subtypes were significantly more diagnosed in immigrant populations. Subtype B was significantly more diagnosed in men than in women and in MSM > IDUs > heterosexuals. Furthermore, the subtype distribution according to continent of origin of the patients suggests they acquired their infection there or in Europe from compatriots.

CONCLUSIONS: The association of subtype with demographic parameters suggests highly compartmentalized epidemics, determined by social and behavioural characteristics of the patients.},
	keywords = {Bayes Theorem, Epidemics, Europe, Female, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Social Behavior, Socioeconomic Factors},
	issn = {1742-4690},
	doi = {10.1186/1742-4690-10-7},
	author = {Abecasis, Ana B and Wensing, Annemarie M J and Paraskevis, Dimitris and Vercauteren, Jurgen and Theys, Kristof and Van de Vijver, David A M C and Albert, Jan and Asj{\"o}, Birgitta and Balotta, Claudia and Beshkov, Danail and Camacho, Ricardo J and Clotet, Bonaventura and De Gascun, Cillian and Griskevicius, Algis and Grossman, Zehava and Hamouda, Osamah and Horban, Andrzej and Kolupajeva, Tatjana and Korn, Klaus and Kostrikis, Leon G and K{\"u}cherer, Claudia and Liitsola, Kirsi and Linka, Marek and Nielsen, Claus and Otelea, Dan and Paredes, Roger and Poljak, Mario and Puchhammer-St{\"o}ckl, Elisabeth and Schmit, Jean-Claude and S{\"o}nnerborg, Anders and Stanekova, Danika and Stanojevic, Maja and Struck, Daniel and Boucher, Charles A B and Vandamme, Anne-Mieke}
}
