<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kostaki, E. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karamitros, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefanou, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamais, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angelis, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hatzakis, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kramvis, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paraskevis, D</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unravelling the history of hepatitis B virus genotypes A and D infection using a full-genome phylogenetic and phylogeographic approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ElifeElifeElife</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eLife</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eLifeeLife</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*global dispersal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*hepatitis B virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*infectious disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*microbiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Molecular Epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*phylogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Africa South of the Sahara</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA, Viral/genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Viral/*genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis B virus/*genetics/pathogenicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis B/epidemiology/*genetics/virology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeny</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phylogeography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Analysis, DNA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aug 7</style></date></pub-dates></dates><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018/08/08</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2050-084x</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection constitutes a global public health problem. In order to establish how HBV was disseminated across different geographic regions, we estimated the levels of regional clustering for genotypes D and A. We used 916 HBV-D and 493 HBV-A full-length sequences to reconstruct their global phylogeny. Phylogeographic analysis was conducted by the reconstruction of ancestral states using the criterion of parsimony. The putative origin of genotype D was in North Africa/Middle East. HBV-D sequences form low levels of regional clustering for the Middle East and Southern Europe. In contrast, HBV-A sequences form two major clusters, the first including sequences mostly from sub-Saharan Africa, and the second including sequences mostly from Western and Central Europe. Conclusion: We observed considerable differences in the global dissemination patterns of HBV-D and HBV-A and different levels of monophyletic clustering in relation to the regions of prevalence of each genotype.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30082021</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2050-084xKostaki, Evangelia-GeorgiaOrcid: 0000-0002-3346-0930Karamitros, TimokratisOrcid: 0000-0003-0841-9159Stefanou, GaryfalliaMamais, IoannisAngelis, KonstantinosHatzakis, AngelosKramvis, AnnaParaskevis, DimitriosOrcid: 0000-0001-6167-7152Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tElife. 2018 Aug 7;7:e36709. doi: 10.7554/eLife.36709.</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PMC6118819</style></custom2><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.Department of Health Sciences, School of Sciences, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record></records></xml>