<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petrikkos, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Markogiannakis, Antonios</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papaparaskevas, Joseph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papapareskevas, Joseph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daikos, George L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefanakos, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zissis, Nicholas P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avlamis, Athina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Differences in the changes in resistance patterns to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins and piperacillin/tazobactam among Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli clinical isolates following a restriction policy in a Greek tertiary care hospita</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int J Antimicrob Agents</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Bacterial Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">beta-Lactamase Inhibitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">beta-Lactamases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cephalosporin Resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cephalosporins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross Infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Resistance, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Utilization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enterobacteriaceae Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme Inhibitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escherichia coli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greece</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klebsiella pneumoniae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Sensitivity Tests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penicillanic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penicillin Resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piperacillin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2007 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The aim of the present study was to investigate whether replacement of broad-spectrum cephalosporins (CEPs) by piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) as first-line empirical therapy may have an effect on beta-lactam resistance among Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in a tertiary care hospital. Data regarding CEP and TZP consumption and resistance were collected on a bimonthly basis during an open-label 2-year (1 year observational and 1 year interventional) study. Consumption of ceftazidime was reduced by 64.5%. In contrast, consumption of the other third-generation CEPs (cefotaxime and ceftriaxone) remained almost stable, whereas an increase in consumption of TZP by 2.8-fold was observed. A significant decrease in resistance to third-generation cephalosporins among K. pneumoniae isolates was observed, and the incidence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing isolates was notably reduced. These findings were less evident among E. coli isolates. Despite the significant increase in TZP consumption, the respective resistance rates of both bacterial species examined have remained almost unchanged.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17189092?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>