<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fotopoulou, N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tassios, P T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beste, D V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ioannidou, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Efstratiou, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lawrence, E R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Papaparaskevas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">George, R C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Legakis, N J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A common clone of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Greece and the UK.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Microbiol Infect</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin. Microbiol. Infect.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clone Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Resistance, Bacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erythromycin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Great Britain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greece</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial Sensitivity Tests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pneumococcal Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">polymerase chain reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serotyping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptococcus pneumoniae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">924-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible genetic relationship among erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in Greece and the UK.

METHODS: During 1995-97, 140 S. pneumoniae strains were isolated from clinical specimens submitted to the microbiology departments of the two main children's hospital in Athens. All erythromycin-resistant strains were further studied with respect to the presence of genes encoding for the two major mechanisms of macrolide resistance, their serotypes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types, in comparison to a previously characterized UK erythromycin-resistant clone.

RESULTS: Eleven of the 140 isolates (7.9%) were resistant to erythromycin; nine of these were susceptible to penicillin. Serotyping allocated seven, three and one isolates to serotypes 14, 19F and serogroup 6, respectively. The mefA gene was detected in seven isolates (five serotype 14 and two serotype 19F), ermB in two (one serotype 19F and the serogroup 6 isolate), whilst in the remaining two isolates no resistance gene could be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of genomic DNA showed that five Greek serotype 14 isolates belonged to the same chromosomal type as the serotype 14 erythromycin-resistant UK clone.

CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that erythromycin resistance among the S. pneumoniae isolates was mostly owing to the efflux mechanism and suggested a possible clonal spread of serotype 14 erythromycin-resistant S. pneumoniae strains between Greece and the UK.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14616680?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>