@article {44686,
	title = {SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Kinetics in Unvaccinated Hospitalized Children With COVID-19},
	journal = {Pediatr Infect Dis J},
	volume = {43},
	number = {6},
	year = {2024},
	note = {Dimopoulou, DimitraCharakida, MariettaMarmarinos, AntoniosKaraviti, DareilenaAvgeris, MargaritisGourgiotis, DimitriosTsolia, Maria Neng2024/02/19 12:43Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2024 Jun 1;43(6):536-542. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000004301. Epub 2024 Feb 19.},
	month = {Jun 1},
	pages = {536-542},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Antibody levels decline a few months post-acute COVID-19, but humoral memory persists in adults. Age and disease severity may affect antibody responses. This study aims to evaluate the presence and durability of antibody responses in children with COVID-19. METHODS: A prospective, single-center study, involving unvaccinated children 0-16 years of age who were hospitalized with COVID-19 between October 2020 and December 2021, was conducted. Serological testing for anti-Spike severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG and neutralizing antibodies was performed at diagnosis and at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-months post-infection. RESULTS: A total of 65 immunocompetent children were enrolled [mean age (+/-SD): 6.7 (+/-6.4) years; males: 56.9\%]. At 3 months, 40/44 (91\%) children were seropositive; seropositivity persisted in 22/26 (85\%) children at 6 months and in 10/12 (83\%) children at 12 months. There was no evidence that age was modifying the prediction of variance of SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels varied with time and disease severity. The association with time was non-linear, so that with increasing time there was a significant reduction in SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels [coef, 0.044 (95\% confidence interval CI: 0.061-0.028), P \&lt; 0.001]. For each increment of time, the higher disease severity group was associated with 0.9 lower SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels. Everyone varied from the average effect of time with an SD of 0.01, suggesting that individuals may have different trajectories across time. CONCLUSION: Disease severity, but not age, influences antibody titers among children hospitalized with COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces durable seroconversion in these children with detectable IgG levels at 1 year after infection.},
	keywords = {*Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood, *Antibodies, Viral/blood, *COVID-19/immunology, *Immunoglobulin G/blood, *SARS-CoV-2/immunology, Adolescent, Child, Child, Hospitalized/statistics \& numerical data, Child, Preschool, Female, Hospitalization/statistics \& numerical data, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Kinetics, Male, Prospective Studies, Unvaccinated Persons},
	isbn = {1532-0987 (Electronic)0891-3668 (Linking)},
	author = {Dimopoulou,D. and Charakida, M. and Marmarinos, A. and Karaviti, D. and Avgeris, M. and Gourgiotis, D. and Tsolia, M. N.}
}
