%0 Generic %D 2017 %T Carfilzomib–dexamethasone vs bortezomib–dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma by cytogenetic risk in the phase 3 study ENDEAVOR %A Chng, W.-J. %A Goldschmidt, H. %A Dimopoulos, M.A. %A Moreau, P. %A Joshua, D. %A Palumbo, A. %A Facon, T. %A Ludwig, H. %A Pour, L. %A Niesvizky, R. %A Oriol, A. %A Rosiñol, L. %A Suvorov, A. %A Gaidano, G. %A Pika, T. %A Weisel, K. %A Goranova-Marinova, V. %A Gillenwater, H.H. %A Mohamed, N. %A Feng, S. %A Aggarwal, S. %A Hájek, R. %X The randomized phase 3 study ENDEAVOR demonstrated a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) for carfilzomib and dexamethasone (Kd) vs bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd) in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). We conducted a preplanned subgroup analysis of ENDEAVOR to evaluate Kd vs Vd by cytogenetic risk. Of 785 patients with known cytogenetics, 210 (27%) had high-risk cytogenetics (Kd, n=97 (25%); Vd, n=113 (28%)) and 575 (73%) had standard-risk cytogenetics (Kd, n=284 (75%); Vd, n=291 (72%)). Median PFS in the high-risk group was 8.8 months for Kd vs 6.0 months for Vd (hazard ratio (HR), 0.65; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.45–0.92; P=0.0075). Median PFS in the standard-risk group was not estimable for Kd vs 10.2 months for Vd (HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.33–0.58; P<0.0001). Overall response rates were 72.2% (Kd) vs 58.4% (Vd) in the high-risk group and 79.2% (Kd) vs 66.0% (Vd) in the standard-risk group. In the high-risk group, 15.5% (Kd) vs 4.4% (Vd) achieved a complete response (CR) or better. In the standard-risk group, 13.0% (Kd) vs 7.9% (Vd) achieved ⩾CR. This preplanned subgroup analysis found that Kd was superior to Vd in relapsed or refractory MM, regardless of cytogenetic risk.Leukemia advance online publication, 3 February 2017; doi:10.1038/leu.2016.390. © 2017 The Author(s) %B Leukemia %8 2017 %G eng %U https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85011631341&doi=10.1038%2fleu.2016.390&partnerID=40&md5=11667e9c85f2255bfce2ff0a1fc1399b