<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dimopoulos, M.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barlogie, B.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, T.L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alexanian, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High serum lactate dehydrogenase level as a marker for drug resistance and short survival in multiple myeloma</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annals of Internal Medicine</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1991</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1991</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0026355691&amp;partnerID=40&amp;md5=63d590223a9e6443168c78f54697956a</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">115</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">931 - 935</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Objective: To evaluate serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as a prognostic factor in previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma. Design: Study of 391 consecutive patients with uniformly treated multiple myeloma, followed until death in 63% of patients. Setting: Tertiary, referral cancer center. Patients: A total of 391 consecutive, previously untreated, symptomatic patients with various stages of multiple myeloma. Intervention: Various chemotherapy regimens that included doxorubicin or glucocorticoids, or both, with a consistent response rate (53%). Measurements: Outcomes included clinical response based on a 75% reduction of calculated tumor load and survival time from treatment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used. Main Results: Eleven percent of patients showed a high serum LDH level of more than 5.0 μkat/L (300 U/L). An elevated LDH level was seen more frequently with a rise in the tumor load; an increased level was present in 26% of patients with high tumor mass. A high LDH level was associated with plasma cell leukemia or lymphoma-like clinical features (43%) and with plasma cell hypodiploidy (17%). Only 20% of patients with elevated LDH levels responded to chemotherapy compared with a response rate of 57% for patients with low levels of LDH. Using multivariate analysis, LDH was a significant independent predictor of response (P = 0.001), with an odds ratio of 0.25 (95% Cl, 0.11 to 0.57). A high LDH level was associated with a short median survival (9 months) and showed the highest relative risk (2.63; Cl, 1.75 to 3.95; P= 0.001). Conclusions: Elevation of the LDH level suggests the presence of occult extraosseous disease and high tumor mass. The LDH level is a predictor of a poor prognosis in selected patients who should be considered for early intensive treatment.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cited By :112Export Date: 21 February 2017</style></notes></record></records></xml>