@article {30590,
	title = {Local and regional therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma and future      combinations
},
	journal = {Cancers (Basel)},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022},
	pages = {2469},
	publisher = {MDPI AG},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be treated by local and      regional methods of percutaneous interventional radiological techniques.
      Indications depend on tumor size, type and stage, as well as patient{\textquoteright}s
      condition, liver function and co-morbidities. According to international
      classification systems such as Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC)
      classification, very early, early or intermediate staged tumors can be
      treated either with ablative methods or with transarterial
      chemoembolization (TACE), depending on tumor characteristics. The
      combination of both allows for individualized forms of treatment with the
      ultimate goal of improving response and survival. In recent years, a lot
      of research has been carried out in combining locoregional approaches with
      immune therapy. Although recent developments in systemic treatment,
      especially immunotherapy, seem quite promising and have expanded possible
      combined treatment options, there is still not enough evidence in their
      favor. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive up-to-date
      overview of all these techniques, explaining indications,
      contraindications, technical problems, outcomes, results and
      complications. Moreover, combinations of percutaneous treatment with each
      other or with immunotherapy and future options will be discussed. Use of
      all those methods as down-staging or bridging solutions until surgery or
      transplantation are taken into consideration will also be reviewed.
      CONCLUSION: Local and regional therapies remain a mainstay of curative and
      palliative treatment of patients with HCC. Currently, evidence on
      potential combination of the local and regional treatment options with
      each other as well as with other treatment modalities is growing and has
      the potential to further individualize HCC therapy. To identify the most
      suitable treatment option out of these new various options, a repeated
      interdisciplinary discussion of each case by the tumor board is of utmost
      importance.
},
	keywords = {chemoembolization, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Immunotherapy, locoregional treatment, percutaneous treatment, radioembolization, tumor ablation},
	isbn = {2072-6694},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14102469https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35626073https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9139740},
	author = {Hatzidakis, Adam and M{\"u}ller, Lukas and Krokidis, Miltiadis and Kloeckner, Roman}
}
