<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petropoulou, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coenders, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dimitrakoudis, Stavros</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time-dependent neutrino emission from Mrk 421 during flares and predictions for IceCube</style></title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astroparticle Physics</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">astroparticle physics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BL Lacartae objects: individual: Mrk 421</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BL Lacartae objects: individual: Mrk 421</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neutrinos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">radiation mechanisms: non-thermal</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016/07/1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016APh....80..115P</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">115 - 130</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0927-6505</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blazars, a subclass of active galactic nuclei, are prime candidate sources for the high energy neutrinos recently detected by IceCube. Being one of the brightest sources in the extragalactic X-ray and γ-ray sky as well as one of the nearest blazars to Earth, Mrk 421 is an excellent source for testing the scenario of the blazar-neutrino connection, especially during flares where time-dependent neutrino searches may have a higher detection probability. Here, we model the spectral energy distribution of Mrk 421 during a 13-day flare in 2010 with unprecedented multi-wavelength coverage, and calculate the respective neutrino flux. We find a correlation between the &gt;1 PeV neutrino and photon fluxes, in all energy bands. Using typical IceCube through-going muon event samples with good angular resolution and high statistics, wederive the mean event rate above 100 TeV (∼0.57 evt/yr) and show that it is comparable to that expected from a four-month quiescent period in 2009. Due to the short duration of the flare, an accumulation of similar flares over several years would be necessary to produce a meaningful signal for IceCube. To better assess this, we apply the correlation between the neutrino and γ-ray fluxes to the 6.9 yr Fermi-LAT light curve of Mrk 421. We find that the mean event count above 1 PeV for the full IceCube detector livetime is 3.59 ± 0.60 (2.73 ± 0.38) ν&lt;SUB&gt;μ&lt;/SUB&gt; +νbar&lt;SUB&gt;μ&lt;/SUB&gt; with (without) major flares included in our analysis. This estimate exceeds, within the uncertainties, the 95% (90%) threshold value for the detection of one or more muon (anti-)neutrinos. Meanwhile, the most conservative scenario, where no correlation of γ-rays and neutrinos is assumed, predicts 1.60 ± 0.16ν&lt;SUB&gt;μ&lt;/SUB&gt; +νbar&lt;SUB&gt;μ&lt;/SUB&gt; events. We conclude that a non-detection of high-energy neutrinos by IceCube would probe the neutrino/γ-ray flux correlation during major flares or/and the hadronic contribution to the blazar emission.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>