<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xatzipsalti, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psarros, F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konstantinou, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaga, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gourgiotis, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saxoni-Papageorgiou, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papadopoulos, N. G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modulation of the epithelial inflammatory response to rhinovirus in an atopic environment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Exp Allergy</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult Antibody Formation Asthma Bronchi Bronchitis Cell Death Cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conditioned Cytokines Epithelial Cells Female Humans Hypersensitivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cultured Culture Media</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immediate Inflammation Mediators Interferon-gamma Male Monocytes Picornaviridae Infections Rhinovirus Transforming Growth Factor beta1 Up-Regulation Virus Replication</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18269670</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">466-72</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immune responses to rhinovirus (RV) as well as direct effects of RV on respiratory epithelium may contribute to the induction of asthma exacerbations.|To evaluate the effect of the environment resulting from an atopic immune response on RV-induced epithelial inflammation, replication and cytotoxicity.|Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from atopic asthmatic subjects and matched controls (12 pairs) were isolated and stimulated by RVs. Human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells were infected with RV in the presence of conditioned media from RV-stimulated PBMC cultures. IL-6, IL-8, RANTES and TGF-beta1 levels were measured by ELISA, RV-induced cytotoxicity by a colorimetric method and RV titres on Ohio-HeLa cells.|RV-induced epithelial production of IL-6, IL-8 and RANTES was significantly lower, while TGF-beta1 was higher when cells were exposed to conditioned media from atopic asthmatic subjects compared with those from normal controls. Exposure to the 'atopic' environment also resulted in elevated RV titres and increased RV-induced cytotoxicity.|Under the influence of an atopic environment, the epithelial inflammatory response to RV is down-regulated, associated with increased viral proliferation and augmented cell damage, while TGF is up-regulated. These changes may help explain the propensity of atopic asthmatic individuals to develop lower airway symptoms after respiratory infections and indicate a mechanism through which viral infections may promote airway remodelling.</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal Article</style></work-type></record></records></xml>