<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tania Siahanidou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mandyla, Helen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Papassotiriou, Ioannis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anagnostakis, Dimitris</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum lipids in preterm infants fed a formula supplemented with nucleotides.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Variance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cholesterol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HDL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant Formula</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LDL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid Metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoproteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newborn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nucleotides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Premature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regression Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Triglycerides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VLDL</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56-60</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BACKGROUND: The effect of dietary nucleotides on lipid metabolism has been the subject of clinical studies with conflicting results. We measured serum triglycerides, total cholesterol (total-C), and lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL-C, LDL-C, and VLDL-C) in preterm neonates fed formula with and without nucleotide supplements. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, controlled study included 150 healthy preterm neonates (gestational age, 33.0 +/- 1.9 weeks) matched for gestational age, birth weight, and gender. Subjects were assigned at birth to receive either a standard milk formula supplemented with nucleotides (group F-NT) or the same formula without nucleotides (group F). Serum was obtained before discharge (29.1 +/- 10.0 days of life) and triglycerides, total-C, and HDL-C were determined enzymatically. LDL-C and VLDL-C were estimated by the Friedewald formula. For statistical analysis t test, Mann Whitney-U test, two-way ANOVA, and chi2 test were used, as appropriate. The influence of several factors on serum lipid levels was evaluated by linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Serum triglycerides, total-C, and VLDL-C levels did not differ between groups. HDL-C levels (median; 25th-75th percentiles) were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.001) in group F-NT (48.0 mg/dL; 40.5-57.0 mg/dL) than in group F (34.5 mg/dL; 27.2-44.0 mg/dL). On the contrary, LDL-C levels (median; 25th-75th percentiles) were significantly lower (P &lt; 0.001) in group F-NT (39.0 mg/dL; 26.0-54.0 mg/dL) than in group F (65.0 mg/dL; 41.0-73.0 mg/dL). In the multiple regression analysis, nucleotide supplementation was identified as one of the controlled independent factors influencing serum HDL-C and LDL-C levels. CONCLUSIONS: Preterm neonates fed from birth with formula supplemented with nucleotides have significantly higher HDL-C and lower LDL-C serum levels than do neonates fed unsupplemented formula. The clinical relevance of these results remains to be elucidated.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>