@article {12384,
	title = {Persistent left superior vena cava leads to catheter malposition during PICC Port placement.},
	journal = {J Vasc Access},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2016},
	month = {2016 Mar 09},
	pages = {e29-31},
	abstract = {INTRODUCTION: We present a case of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) port placement where the catheter had been malpositioned to the persistent left superior vena cava.

METHODS: Despite the obvious elevation of the P-wave signaling proximity of the catheter tip to the sinus node, the catheter was not in the desired location within the superior vena cava or the right atrium, because of the presence of a persistent left superior vena cava. Computed tomography was used in order to locate the catheter.

RESULTS: The catheter was located in the persistent left superior vena cava.

CONCLUSIONS: Malpositioning of the catheter in the persistent left superior vena cava occurs in 0.3\%-0.5\% of patients. The catheter was subsequently removed.},
	keywords = {Catheterization, Peripheral, Catheters, Indwelling, Electrocardiography, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phlebography, Radiography, Interventional, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Ultrasonography, Interventional, Vascular Access Devices, Vascular Malformations, Vena Cava, Superior},
	issn = {1724-6032},
	doi = {10.5301/jva.5000498},
	author = {Konstantinou, Evangelos A and Mariolis Sapsakos, Theodoros D and Katsoulas, Theodoros A and Velecheris, Dimitrios and Tsitsimelis, Dimitrios and Bonatsos, Gerasimos}
}
