<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anastassopoulou, C. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paraskevis, D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sypsa, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psichogiou, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katsoulidou, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tassopoulos, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skoutelis, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malliori, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hatzakis, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence patterns and genotypes of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus among imprisoned intravenous drug users</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Med VirolJ Med VirolJ Med Virol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of medical virology</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of medical virologyJournal of medical virology</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Prisoners</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5' Untranslated Regions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alanine Transaminase/blood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flaviviridae/classification/*genetics/immunology/isolation &amp; purification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greece/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis Antibodies/blood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis C/complications/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis, Viral, Human/complications/*epidemiology/virology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regression Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Viral/blood/genetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seroepidemiologic Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance Abuse, Intravenous/*complications</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">246-52</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0146-6615 (Print)0146-6615 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An RT-PCR assay using primers from the 5'-UTR of the GBV-C/HGV genome was used to detect viremia, and a serological assay was used to detect past exposure to GBV-C/HGV, in sera from 106 imprisoned Greek intravenous drug users. High seroprevalence rates indicative of the parenteral route of transmission of the virus were found (32.1% for GBV-C RNA and 46.2% for anti-GBV-C E2). These rates were nonetheless lower in comparison to the corresponding rates of HCV infection markers (64.2% for HCV RNA and 77.4% for anti-HCV). Statistically significant univariate associations were observed between GBV-C-RNA positivity and younger age (P=0.006) and HCV-RNA positivity (P=0.024), as well as with higher serum alanine aminotransferase levels (P&lt; 0.001); this latter association was shown to be independent of coinfection with HCV and of age by a multiple logistic regression model. Apparently, GBV-C/HGV had spread readily by needle-sharing in prison, while causing acute subclinical hepatitis in infected inmates. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial 5'-UTR of the GBV-C/HGV genome from 16 seropositive individuals, which delineated their grouping within genotype 2, also revealed a close genetic relationship between two sets of sequences from 4 drug addicts, 3 of whom admitted to sharing needles while imprisoned.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9783693</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anastassopoulou, C GParaskevis, DSypsa, VPsichogiou, MKatsoulidou, ATassopoulos, NSkoutelis, AMalliori, MHatzakis, Aeng1998/10/23 02:01J Med Virol. 1998 Nov;56(3):246-52.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Athens University Medical School, Goudi, Greece.</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>