<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mastrogianni, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roussos, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sypsa, V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitrou, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsolakidis, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mathioudakis, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psichogiou, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samarkos, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Impact of E-prescribing protocols on antimicrobial prescribing for common infections in Greece: an interrupted time series analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Microbiol InfectClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical </style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Microbiol InfectClin Microbiol Infect</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial prescribing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial stewardship</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computerized decision support systems</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electronic-prescribing protocols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interrupted time series</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prescribing behaviour</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary healthcare</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 13</style></date></pub-dates></dates><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026/05/15</style></edition><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1198-743x</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the effect of the implementation of electronic-prescribing protocols for infectious diseases on outpatient antimicrobial prescribing patterns in Greece. METHODS: In 2018-2019, in the context of policies to control antimicrobial use in Greece, electronic-prescribing protocols for acute pharyngitis, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and urinary tract infection (UTI) were introduced. We conducted a retrospective nationwide Interrupted Time Series analysis of monthly outpatient antimicrobial prescription counts overall and for targeted infectious syndromes during the preintervention and postintervention periods. Data were extracted from the official nationwide electronic prescription database covering July 2017 to December 2021. RESULTS: Overall reductions in median monthly antimicrobial prescription counts between the pre- and postintervention periods were 71.3% (95% CI: -78.5% to -56.4%) for pharyngitis, 90.0% (95% CI: -94.3% to -85.3%) for CAP, 92.6% (95% CI: -94.1% to -87.9%) for AECOPD, 85.8% (95% CI: -86.6% to -83.0%) for UTI. Despite these syndrome-specific reductions, the median monthly number of total outpatient antimicrobial prescriptions did not decrease (417 633 vs. 424 592 prescriptions per month). Before the intervention, the protocol-targeted syndromes collectively accounted for a median of 27.6% of total antimicrobial prescriptions per month, whereas 'other nonprotocol conditions' represented a median of 72.4%. After implementation, these proportions shifted dramatically to a median of 4.5% and 95.5% respectively (p &lt; 0.001 for both changes), indicating a shift in diagnostic coding associated with antimicrobial prescribing. CONCLUSIONS: Although the protocols were designed to promote targeted antimicrobial use, their complex implementation may have inadvertently encouraged suboptimal prescribing practices. Improper coding and inconsistent antimicrobial prescribing data hinder antimicrobial stewardship efforts and should prompt a national health policy action plan.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">42134570</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1469-0691Mastrogianni, ElpidaRoussos, SotiriosSypsa, VanaMitrou, PanagiotaTsolakidis, AnastasiosMathioudakis, KonstantinosPsichogiou, MinaSamarkos, MichaelJournal ArticleEnglandClin Microbiol Infect. 2026 May 13:S1198-743X(26)00244-2. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2026.05.008.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: elpidamastrogianni@gmail.com.Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.Department of Therapeutic Protocols and Patient Registries, Ministry of Health, Athens, Greece.E-prescribing Department, Electronic Governance for Social Security, Ministry of Labour and Social Security, Athens, Greece.1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record></records></xml>