Personalized or precision nutrition combines genetic, epigenetic, genomic, metagenomic, metabolomic, behavioral, and sociocultural data to comprehend better and employ health interventions. Such in-depth measurements need the use of high-throughput multi-omics platforms as well as integrative big data systems. These methods provide detailed genotypic and phenotypic perceptions of human diet variation, ushering in a new era of personalized nutrition interventions. In addition, developments in big data and machine learning have cleared the path for applications in precision nutrition.