Purpose: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) participates in thrombotic, fibrinolytic, inflammatory and metabolic cascades. Since previous studies have focused on tissue and blood level concentrations, our goal was to investigate for the first time the independent relationship between plasma PAI-1 activity in resectable non small cell cell lung cancer (NSCLC) taking into consideration its several interfaces, and study its diagnostic and prognostic potential. Methods: In an adequately powered case-control study, plasma PAI-1 activity, metabolic parameters, classic adipokines, hemostatic, inflammatory and tumor biomarkers were measured in 110 consecutive patients with resectable NSCLC and 110 healthy subjects matched on age, sex and date of blood draw. Results: NSCLC patients exhibited significantly higher PAI-1 activity compared to controls (p<0.001). In NSCLC cases, PAI-1 activity correlated with somatometric variables, insulin, WBC, antithrombin III, protein C, plasminogen, IL-6 and tumor size (p<0.05). Plasma PAI-1 activity was independently associated with NSCLC beyond risk factors associated with NSCLC (OR: 6.9, 95% CI: 2.9-16.6, p<0.001). Plasminogen activity and body mass index emerged as independent predictors of PAI-1 activity in cases. Due to its high specificity, PAI-1 activity could represent a potentially useful parameter in ruling out NSCLC, alone or in combination with serum tumor markers associated with NSCLC. Conclusions: PAI-1 activity, reflecting PAI-1 functionality, may represent a potentially useful biomarker in NSCLC associated with thrombotic, tumor-promoting and metabolic networks. More clinical studies are needed to explore whether PAI-1 activity may be a practical biomarker in the risk assessment of NSCLC, at the crossroads of hemostasis and metabolism.

Given that goat milk and dairy products should be consumed daily according to suggestions based on Mediterranean diet, the current study evaluates the anti-atherogenic properties of goat milk and goat dairy products (yogurt and white cheese). Total lipids (TLs) of all three samples were extracted by the method of Bligh and Dyer and further separated into total polar lipids (TPLs) and total neutral lipids (TNLs) by counter current distribution. The fatty acid profiles of TPL and TNL of all three samples were determined by gas chromatography analysis. TL and TPL were tested to determine whether they induce platelet aggregation or inhibit platelet aggregation induced by the platelet-activating factor (PAF). The most active lipids were found in goat white cheese (i.e., since they showed lower IC50 values in both TL and TPL samples than corresponding fractions of goat milk and goat yogurt), so the TPL of goat white cheese were further separated by preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The obtained polar lipid fractions after TLC separation were also tested for their biological activity. All the samples’ lipids, and especially the polar ones, were found to exhibit strong anti-atherogenic activities. This fact highlights the nutritional value of goat dairy products in terms of cardioprotection, as PAF is a crucial inflammatory mediator that is implicated in the mechanism of atherogenesis.

ABSTRACT The combination of electrospray ionization with ion beam deposition in ultra-high vacuum has opened new opportunities to research non-sublimable molecules on solid surfaces in recent years. An Fe(II) [2 ? 2] grid complex was deposited on Ag(111) and investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. Low landing energies (< 3 eV z?1) resulted in clusters and single structures with potentially intact coordination bonds. Higher landing energies (> 3 eV z?1) led to coordination bond cleavage and a rich variety of self-assembled surface networks formed spontaneously by the grid fragments. Applying established on-surface synthesis methodology employing the constituents of these networks (ligands and Fe atoms) reproduced only a part of them. It is thus proposed that electrospray ion beam deposition is a different route to on-surface coordination network synthesis.

The steadily rising prevalence of children diagnosed with autism –estimated at one in 100 according to the World Health Organization (2024)– underscores the imperative for educators to cultivate classrooms in which students become sensitized, develop empathy, and enact positive attitudes and behaviors toward classmates with autism, given that school constitutes the pre-eminent context for children’s encounter, interaction, and co-existence. The present study reports the design, implementation, and evaluation of a pilot awareness-raising program intended to enhance peer acceptance of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the use of an illustrated children’s book. The program was implemented in a single third-grade primary school classroom (N = 15). Prior to and following implementation, semi-structured individual interviews –based on standardized questionnaires– were conducted to examine students’ knowledge and attitudes regarding ASD. The intervention sought to support typically developing children in (a) increasing their knowledge about ASD and (b) adopting more positive attitudes toward peers with ASD. The book All My Stripes by Rudolph and Royer (2015) was used, together with guided discussion and complementary activities (games, crafts, dramatization, and songs). A mixed-method design was implemented, combining qualitative analysis (i.e., thematic analysis with the use of inductive and deductive approach) and quantitative analysis. Findings indicated a marked decrease in children’s ignorance and stereotypes regarding ASD alongside an increase in accurate understanding of ASD and in recognition of strengths in children with ASD. Moreover, children’s intention to form friendships with peers with ASD, to sit at the same desk with them, to play with them during recess, and to support them in incidents of teasing/bullying increased, whereas fear toward them decreased. Notably, gender-related patterns emerged regarding attitudes: girls exhibited greater stability in their positive attitudes, whereas boys demonstrated a larger magnitude of improvement following the intervention. Overall, the pilot program underscored the potential of children’s literature and of an explicitly empathetic pedagogical stance to promote inclusive attitudes in primary school settings.

Abstract Fabrication of diverse and complex 2D molecular architectures using surface-confined supramolecular coordination chemistry has been continuously attracting considerable attention for years. Here, the on-surface synthesis of 2D coordination networks exhibiting both crystalline and vitreous phases employing the same constituents is reported. Robust and flexible bimolecular 2D coordination networks, structurally analogous to 2D bilayer silica films on Ru(0001) and graphene, are achieved by iron-directed self-assembly of indigo and 1,3,5-tris[4-(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl]benzene (ext-TPyB) or 1,3,5-tris(pyridyl)benzene (TPyB) linkers on Au(111). The crystalline phase features honeycombed nanopores, displaying long-range order with local defects that can be attributed to variations in coordination nodes and shape flexibility of the ext-TPyB (/ TPyB) ligand. The vitreous phase evolves upon annealing the honeycomb network to higher temperatures and exhibits reticulated polygons similar to Zachariasen's 2D random network theory. The size of the polygons follows a lognormal distribution, with the probability density function showing an almost linear behavior as characteristic of the structure of glass. The results enrich avenues toward the fabrication and understanding of novel nanostructured condensed matter systems, such as 2D crystalline and vitreous structures, as well as provide the unique possibility to understand structurally bulk glasses.

Ο Χάνς Κρίστιαν Άντερσεν είναι γνωστός ως ένας από τους σημαντικότερους συγγραφείς παραμυθιών. Ωστόσο, υπήρξε και αξιόλογος εκπρόσωπος της ταξιδιωτικής λογοτεχνίας. Το 1841 πραγματοποίησε ένα εν πολλοίς άγνωστο στο ευρύ κοινό ταξίδι στην μεταεπαναστατική Ελλάδα. Τις εντυπώσεις του από το ταξίδι αυτό τις καταγράφει στο βιβλίο «Το παζάρι ενός ποιητή». Με εφαλτήριο το δέος του για τον πολιτισμό των αρχαίων Ελλήνων και την ελληνική φύση καταλαμβάνεται σύντομα από ένα ευδιάκριτο φιλελληνικό πνεύμα, διά του οποίου προσλαμβάνει και καταγράφει διάφορες όψεις της νεοελληνικής πραγματικότητας και του ελληνικού λαϊκού πολιτισμού. Η μελέτη της «λαϊκής ψυχής» υπήρξε βασικός πυλώνας του φιλελληνισμού κατά τον 19ο αιώνα, καθώς στόχος της ήταν να αποδείξει την πολιτισμική συνέχεια, άρα και την φυλετική ενότητα του ελληνικού γένους. Κείμενα όπως «Το παζάρι ενός ποιητή» αποτελούν μέσο γνωριμίας της ευρωπαϊκής κοινής γνώμης με τον ελληνικό λαϊκό πολιτισμό και καταφέρνουν να τονώσουν και να αναγεννήσουν το ευρωπαϊκό ενδιαφέρον για την Ελλάδα.

The present study investigates children’s and adolescents’ conceptions of death, focusing on its biological and metaphysical dimensions and their possible coexistence, with an emphasis on methodological choices. Specifically, it examines the association between these conceptions and factors such as age, parent–child discussions about death, parental beliefs (religiosity, spirituality, belief in an afterlife), as well as gender, death-related experiences, and socioeconomic background. The sample consisted of 180 children and adolescents aged 5–16 years and their parents, along with 30 adults included for comparative purposes. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with children and adolescents, using a revised version of the Death Concept Interview, and questionnaires for parents. The findings confirmed a clear developmental progression in the biological understanding of death, with significant advances observed between 9 and 12 years, whereas beliefs regarding psychological continuity after death remained relatively stable across age groups. Parents’ biological explanations were associated with stronger biological understanding in early childhood, whereas their metaphysical explanations were related to stronger beliefs in psychological continuity after death in middle childhood. Parents’ religiosity and belief in an afterlife were positively associated with children’s attribution of psychological continuity after death in middle childhood. The use of open-ended questions and a sequential, multi-level methodological approach contributed significantly to the in-depth investigation of the topic, highlighting latent aspects of biological understanding, as well as the coexistence of biological and metaphysical explanations as a dominant cognitive pattern rather than as an indication of conceptual confusion. The results underscore the importance of methodologically sensitive tools and contribute to the design of developmentally appropriate educational practices and interventions.

The steadily rising prevalence of children diagnosed with autism –estimated at one in 100 according to the World Health Organization (2024)– underscores the imperative for educators to cultivate classrooms that are welcoming, psychologically safe, and pedagogically responsive, so that students become sensitized, develop empathy, and enact positive attitudes and behaviors toward classmates with autism, given that school constitutes the pre-eminent context for children’s encounter, interaction, and co-existence. The present study reports the design, implementation, and evaluation of a pilot awareness-raising program intended to enhance peer acceptance of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the use of an illustrated children’s book. The program was implemented in a single third-grade primary school classroom (N = 15). Prior to and following implementation, semi-structured individual interviews –based on standardized questionnaires– were conducted to examine students’ knowledge and attitudes regarding ASD. The intervention sought to support typically developing children in (a) increasing their knowledge about ASD and (b) adopting more positive attitudes toward peers with ASD. The book All My Stripes by Rudolph and Royer (2015) was used, together with guided discussion and complementary activities (games, crafts, songs, and dramatization). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis (inductive and deductive approach). Findings indicated a marked improvement in children’s cognitive understanding of core characteristics of ASD, alongside heightened acceptance and empathy toward peers with ASD. Emotional shifts, strengthened moral sensitivity, and an increased willingness to form friendships and engage in social interaction were also observed. Notably, gender-related patterns emerged: girls exhibited greater stability in their positive attitudes, whereas boys demonstrated a larger magnitude of improvement following the intervention. Overall, the pilot program underscored the potential of children’s literature and an explicitly empathetic pedagogical stance to promote inclusive attitudes in primary school settings.

A LAnKe (also known as a Filippov algebra or a Lie algebra of the n-th kind) is a vector space equipped with a skew-symmetric n-linear form that satisfies the generalized Jacobi identity. Friedmann, Hanlon, Stanley and Wachs have shown that the symmetric group acts on the multilinear part of the free LAnKe on 2n-1 generators as an irreducible representation. They announced that the multilinear component on 3n-2 generators decomposes as a direct sum of two irreducible symmetric group representations and a proof was given recently in a subsequent paper by Friedmann, Hanlon and Wachs. In the present paper we provide a proof of the later statement. The two proofs are substantially different.

A LAnKe (also known as a Lie algebra of the th kind, or a Filippov algebra) is a vector space equipped with a skew-symmetric -linear form that satisfies the generalized Jacobi identity. The symmetric group  acts on the multilinear part of the free LAnKe on  generators, where  is the number of brackets, by permutation of the generators. The corresponding representation was studied by Friedmann, Hanlon, Stanley and Wachs, who asked whether for , its irreducible decomposition contains no summand whose Young diagram has at most  columns. The answer is affirmative if $k \le 3$. In this paper, we show that the answer is affirmative for all $k$

We analyze the impact of the institutional environment on the leverage of European listed SMEs for the period 2005-2018. We use a broad range of institutional quality, judicial efficiency and corruption measures, along with several firm-specific and macro control variables, to identify different transmission channels on leverage. By performing a panel data analysis into the fixed effects filter estimator framework, along with several model specifications and robustness tests, the results show that better institutions, stronger judicial effectiveness and higher corruption decrease leverage. In terms of active transmission channels, increased investment under regimes of better institutional quality tends to increase leverage. Higher judicial efficiency accompanied by increased profitability tends to decrease, while higher institutional quality accompanied by higher investments tends to increase leverage, bringing more bank credit. Increasing profitability under regimes of decreased corruption decreases leverage. This last finding is even more pronounced for medium enterprises, as opposed to micro enterprises. The most significant factors associated with leverage are profitability, asset structure, cost of borrowing, stock market development and size, while an age effect is rejected. Pecking order theory seems to better fit the European SMEs capital structure choices under several institutional states.

δψασδασδασδασδα

Given a filtration of the module of vector fields on a smooth manifold, we define a pseudodifferential calculus where the order of a vector field is given by the filtration. We show that pseudodifferential operators have a well-defined principal symbol for a subset of the unitary representations of the osculating groups. We prove a Rockland-type theorem, showing that the invertibility of the principal symbol is equivalent to maximal hypoellipticity. This answers affirmatively a conjecture due to Helffer and Nourrigat.

Loneliness during adolescence has increased worldwide in recent years and has been consistently associated with a broad range of adverse psychosocial outcomes. Within this context, the availability of valid and reliable measures is essential for the early identification of loneliness and for the rigorous evaluation of intervention effectiveness. Nevertheless, multidimensional, psychometrically validated instruments for assessing loneliness in Greek adolescents remain limited. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the Relational Provisions Loneliness Questionnaire (RPLQ; Hayden-Thomson, 1989), which assesses social and emotional dimensions of loneliness (i.e., integration and intimacy) within the primary relational contexts of family and peer relationships. The sample consisted of 503 students aged 13–14 years, selected via stratified random sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the four-factor model, which demonstrated the best fit to the data and yielded high standardized factor loadings. Internal consistency indices were high across all dimensions, and convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity were supported. Measurement invariance across gender was also supported at the configural, metric, and scalar (threshold) levels. Overall, the findings indicate that the Greek version of the RPLQ is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of adolescent loneliness.

We construct local coordinates for the Weinstein groupoid of a non-integrable Lie algebroid. To this end, we reformulate the notion of bi-submersion in a completely algebraic way and prove the existence of bi-submersions as such for the Weinstein groupoid. This implies that a C*-algebra can be attached to every Lie algebroid.

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This study presents the comprehensive three-dimensional documentation of two ancient metallurgical galleries at Agios Sostis, on the island of Sifnos, Western Cyclades (Greece). Sifnos has long been a significant center of mining activity, with evidence dating back to the late 4th millennium BC. Its basement rocks are rich in mineral deposits, including argentiferous lead, copper, iron, and zinc resources that played a catalytic role from prehistoric times. The exploitation of these metalliferous deposits, one of the key stages in the transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age, contributed significantly to the islands cultural development.Data acquisition was performed using high-resolution terrestrial laser scanning from multiple fixed positions within each gallery, complemented by handheld laser scanning to capture narrow and irregular sections. Topographic control was ensured through the establishment of numerous Ground Control Points (GCPs), enabling high spatial accuracy. The surface topography above the galleries and the adjacent slag mounds was documented using photogrammetric processing of imagery collected via Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), producing orthoimages with ground sampling distances of 4.18 cm and 1.62 cm.The interior laser scanning datasets, comprising over 500 million georeferenced 3D points, were processed into dense point clouds and further transformed into high-resolution digital terrain models and textured meshes using specialized software and a structured methodology. By integrating subsurface and surface data, overburden thicknesses ranging from 5.2 m to 66.8 m were calculated, and the volumetric estimation of metallurgical slag deposits was determined to be approximately 4,914 m³.This Digital Twin approach underscores the potential of advanced geospatial techniques for the documentation and protection of vulnerable archaeological heritage. It offers a transferable and scalable framework for similar fragile environments.

Ο συλλογικός αυτός τόμος επιχειρεί να χαρτογραφήσει το ιδιαίτερα θολό ακόμη ιστορικό τοπίο των πανεπιστημιακών εδρών ξένων φιλολογιών και να φέρει στο φως πολλές μέχρι σήμερα άγνωστες πτυχές της ακαδημαϊκής ιστορίας των ξένων φιλολογιών στην Ελλάδα. Εστιάζει ειδικότερα στη λειτουργία των εδρών της γαλλικής, γερμανικής και αγγλικής φιλολογίας, από την περίοδο του Μεσοπολέμου, όταν πρωτοθεσμοθετήθηκαν, μέχρι και τη δεκαετία του 1970, όταν ολοκληρώθηκε η μετάβαση προς έναν νέο θεσμό, τα πανεπιστημιακά τμήματα, και για την τελευταία χρονολογικά από τις εξεταζόμενες ξένες φιλολογίες. Περιλαμβάνει εισαγωγή και τέσσερις πρωτότυπες μελέτες που βασίζονται στη συστηματική αξιοποίηση ανεξερεύνητου αρχειακού υλικού (ξένα και ελληνικά αρχεία) από ερευνητές που ειδικεύονται στο συγκεκριμένο επιστημονικό πεδίο. Για καθεμιά από τις τρεις παραπάνω φιλολογίες αφιερώνεται ένα χωριστό κεφάλαιο, όπου διερευνάται ο ρόλος που έπαιξαν οι ξένοι πολιτιστικοί εταίροι της Ελλάδας στη σύσταση, τη στελέχωση αλλά και γενικότερα τη λειτουργία των πανεπιστημιακών αυτών εδρών. Αντιστοίχως, εξετάζονται και οι θέσεις των ελληνικών ανώτατων ιδρυμάτων σε σχέση με το ζήτημα της διδασκαλίας των ξένων φιλολογιών στο πανεπιστήμιο. Προσκομίζονται επίσης στοιχεία που αφορούν στο διδακτικό προσωπικό και στις ιδιαιτερότητές του (αλλοδαποί φιλόλογοι ή/και καθηγητές ξένων πανεπιστημίων), στις διαλέξεις που τα μέλη του έδιναν στα αμφιθέατρα του ιδρύματος και στη σύσταση του ακροατηρίου τους. Σε ένα τελευταίο κεφάλαιο, επιχειρείται μια σύνθεση της ιστορίας αυτής, μέσω μιας συγκριτικής προσέγγισης που εντοπίζει τις συγκλίσεις και τις αποκλίσεις, έτσι όπως αυτές καταγράφονται κατά την ιστορική διαδρομή των θεσμών αυτών.

Big data and big data analytics will unavoidably change the role of accountants. This paper considers the impact of big data on accounting and auditing. Financial accountants need to move beyond the book-keeping process and become key information providers to decision-makers. That upturns accountants’ consulting role and their ability to think strategically, providing critical help in management decision making. The relationship between managers and management accountants becomes closer and more effective because of big data. Management accountants can use additional analytical methods to detect processes and product excellence, combined with diminishing cost. Big data and big data analytics in auditing ensure audit quality and fraud detection. Upgraded information systems and automation in business procedures diminish the need for staff participation. Inevitably, the skills of accountants and knowledge must be associated with big data and big data analytics and modern accountants must develop an analytics mindset by being familiar with data and technologies.

Du voyageur-photographe, qui sélectionne ses sujets parmi les gens du pays, au voyageur-collectionneur, qui visite les ateliers commerciaux pour acheter des épreuves, le voyage fut à l’origine d’une production photographique orientaliste diversifiée qui ne fut pas constituée comme un genre autonome, mais se situa à la frontière de plusieurs catégories. Inspirés d’une iconographie stéréotypée déjà en vogue, les photographes commerciaux photographièrent les types ethniques et religieux orientaux et en racontèrent, de manière discontinue, la vie quotidienne, les mœurs et les coutumes ainsi que les activités professionnelles. Dans des conditions souvent difficiles, les voyageurs représentèrent aussi l’Autre oriental. Plusieurs voyageurs gardèrent son image comme souvenir, tandis que d’autres exécutèrent des photographies à caractère anthropologique ou ethnographique. Nombreuses sont aussi les photographies qui rappellent le caractère religieux de l’Orient et montrent l’activité missionnaire. Conçues dans un autre esprit, les photographies des touristes reproduisent une image vivante bien que parfois stéréotypée des Orientaux. Quoique morcelée, l’image des Orientaux formée par les photographies des voyageurs, contribua à la formation de l’identité de l’Oriental. Révélatrice de leur idéologie, leur production, qui s’inscrit dans le contexte de l’orientalisme dénoncé par Edward Saïd, transmet des informations sur la manière dont ils l’avaient perçu. Médiateurs culturels, les photographes français, voyageurs ou résidents, familiarisèrent la population orientale avec l’art de la photographie.  

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The current study focuses on earnings management as a significant determinant of the sticky cost phenomenon, for explaining both firm-level cost behaviour and cross-country differences in cost behaviour. We combine firm-level incentives to manipulate earnings with country-level differences in earnings management practices to provide a richer understanding of the effects of these practices to cost stickiness. Using a sample of G-7 countries (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Canada, UK and USA) we find that cost stickiness is mitigated in the pervasiveness of earnings management.

ΑΝΑΜΕΝΕΤΑΙ

Η μελέτη, η οποία βασίζεται σε τεκμηριωτικό υλικό που συγκεντρώθηκε από τα αρχειακά κέντρα των Υπουργείων εξωτερικών της Ελλάδας και της Γαλλίας, του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών και της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής Αθηνών, αποπειράται να ανασυστήσει την ιστορία της πανεπιστημιακής έδρας γαλλικής φιλολογίας από την πρώτη, χρονολογικά, σχετική θεσμική υλοποίηση του 1933 μέχρι τη δημιουργία πανεπιστημιακών τμημάτων γαλλικών σπουδών, κατά την πρώτη μεταπολεμική δεκαετία. Επιχειρεί επίσης να δείξει πως ο πανεπιστημιακός αυτός θεσμός δεν συνδιαλέγεται μόνο με την ελληνική εκπαιδευτική και πολιτική συγκυρία: η ανάμειξη γαλλικών πολιτιστικών ιδρυμάτων επιβάλλει τη διεύρυνση του πεδίου παρατήρησης και σε εκείνο της πολιτιστικής διπλωματίας προκειμένου να φωτιστούν πληρέστερα όψεις που εν τέλει συνδιαμορφώνουν τη φυσιογνωμία του. Ο προβληματισμός επικεντρώνεται, καταρχάς, στις πολιτικές συνεργασίας των εμπλεκόμενων γαλλικών και ελληνικών εκπαιδευτικών ιδρυμάτων για την προώθηση του ζητήματος ή, αντίθετα, στις στρατηγικές που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν με στόχο την εγκατάλειψη αυτού του θεσμικού εγχειρήματος. Διερευνώνται, επίσης, τα δομικά χαρακτηριστικά σε επίπεδο στόχων, προσανατολισμού και οργάνωσης του θεσμού, τα οποία είναι άμεσα συναρτημένα με τις επιδιώξεις των συμβαλλόμενων μερών. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, ερμηνευτικά σχήματα, όπως το μεταβαλλόμενο από τη συνεργασία στην αντιπαλότητα και από την εξάρτηση στην αυτονόμηση πλέγμα σχέσεων, επιτρέπουν τη βαθύτερη κατανόηση των θεσμικών κατακτήσεων ή/και αντιστάσεων.

This study explores the integration of geomythology and geoeducation within urban geotourism, focusing on the potential of geosites in Athens as platforms for promoting environmental awareness and cultural heritage preservation. Geomythology, by linking geological features with cultural narratives, offers a unique approach to interpreting natural landmarks, enhancing the educational and experiential value of geosites. Through this interdisciplinary framework, visitors can develop a deeper understanding of both geoscience and local history, fostering a connection with the environment. The study highlights the use of the innovative Geoeducational Assessment Method (GEOAM), which evaluates geosites based on their geoeducational potential, sustainability, and visitor engagement. This methodology provides a comprehensive assessment of geosites, identifying areas for improvement and offering insights into their role in sustainable urban geotourism. By incorporating geomythology and geoeducation, this approach aims to contribute to sustainable tourism in Athens, fostering geoethical awareness that promotes long-term environmental stewardship.

This chapter offers an overview of diachronic accounts of aspectual change, focusing on their treatment of the relationship between Aktionsart and perfectivity, often referred to as (grammatical) aspect. Such studies, relatively rare, are important in several ways: from the point of view of the diachronic study of language they offer explanations of broader changes in the verbal systems of individual languages, and they enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of language change in general. From the point of view of the study of aspect, they can shed light on the nature of the two categories in question, on their common ground and the differences between them and on their relationship with the other time-related category, tense. The chapter will focus on Greek, one of the Indo-European languages that are widely thought of as being of particular interest for the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European verbal system, but it will touch upon the significance of the diachronic study of aspect for the theoretical analysis of aspect and tense. 

Abstract This work aims to constructively use the differences between physics, as a typical representative branch of science, and biology, to enhance science education. It advocates for the use of a common science, technology, engineering, and mathematics teaching framework as a pedagogical tool for conveying concepts related to the epistemology of these two disciplines, highlighting their epistemological distinctions. Notable disparities include the absence of “universal” laws in biology, combined with the presence of a unifying theory in its instruction. Additionally, the differing roles of experimentation, mathematics, and history in these fields are examined. The text also addresses the distinction between the concepts of “social implications” and “social science,” alongside a discussion of essentialism in physics compared to the non-typological “population perspective” in biology, where the constant interplay of random errors and mutations serves as the universal driving force behind all biological phenomena. Keywords

• differences
• physics/biology
• didactics
• NOS

The Red Beach in Santorini, Greece, is a dynamic landscape formed by the rapid erosion of unstable volcaniclastic cliffs. This study presents a comprehensive, decadal analysis of cliff instability activity using a Multi-Temporal Object-Based Image Analysis (MT-OBIA) framework. Driven by a systematic collection of Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) high-resolution imagery, we developed a time series of high-resolution Digital Surface Models (DSMs) and orthomosaics. Our OBIA workflow was specifically designed to segment and classify features unique to this environment, including scarps/sources, deposits, and cracks. The results quantify a mean annual cliff retreat rate of 0.45 m/year, with significant spatial and temporal variability, including a major collapse event in the winter of 2019 that resulted in over 1 meter of instantaneous retreat. The OBIA-derived inventory, comprising over 1,200 individual objects, reveals a strong seasonal pattern linked to intense storm surges and coastal erosion. This research establishes a robust and transferable methodology for high-frequency geohazard monitoring in coastal environments, providing critical data for the safety management of one of Greece's most visited tourist destinations.

Human breast milk is a complex biological matrix that plays a central role in infant nutrition and development. It may also serve as a route of exposure to pharmaceutical residues following maternal drug use. Quantitative data on the transfer of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) into breast milk are essential to support their safe use during lactation, however, available analytical methods remain limited. This study reports the development and validation of a rapid and sensitive hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HILIC–ESI/MS) method for the simultaneous quantitation of tenoxicam, meloxicam, piroxicam, and the metabolite 5′-hydroxypiroxicam in human breast milk. Sample preparation involves simple protein precipitation procedure using only 25 μL of human breast milk. Chromatographic separation is achieved within 8 min. The method was validated over the range of 20 to 2000 ng mL−1, with a limit of quantitation of 20 ng mL−1 and correlation coefficients greater than 0.998. This is the first HILIC–ESI/MS method for the simultaneous quantitation of the targeted analytes in human breast milk. The validated HILIC–ESI/MS method was subsequently applied to screen breast milk samples collected from ten lactating women donating to a hospital milk bank. Although oxicam NSAIDs were not detected in this cohort, the method is well-suited for targeted screening of human milk in clinical or surveillance settings, including milk banks and pharmacovigilance studies.

This book provides a novel approach to a key topic in the history and philosophy of science, the role and status of prediction in the natural sciences. In contrast to most of the literature on the topic, this volume problematizes what constitutes a successful prediction. Even in fields where the value of prediction is not disputed, the role and status of prediction may change, and it is not always clear when a prediction is worth testing. Furthermore, this book examines how the gap between high-level theory and predictions of particular phenomena is bridged by using modelling and computer simulation, and concludes by discussing the dual role of scientific prediction: advancing both scientific knowledge as well as science policy. Written by top scholars in the field, this book is of great interest to historians, philosophers, and other students and scholars of science.

This study attempts to provide insight into the origins of aloneness and loneliness by comparatively and jointly examining the views of psychoanalysts and researchers Margaret Mahler and Daniel Stern. Their influential theories combine the developmental and the clinical perspective and have the potential to offer a deeper understanding of these universal and fundamental experiences. First, Mahler’s and Stern’s views on aloneness and loneliness are organized and presented in detail. Reformulations and critiques are also reported. Next, the two models are examined in relation to each other regarding the issues of aloneness and loneliness. Points of convergence and divergence are identified and discussed. These points revolve around the following issues: the onset of aloneness and loneliness experiences; the nature and developmental trajectories of aloneness and loneliness; the interpersonal context within which this development takes place; the ability to cope with loneliness and the factors that facilitate or hinder the development of this ability; and the related psychopathological pathways with their clinical implications.

Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been widely recognized as a key psychosocialcompetency shaping university students’ academic and psychological functioning.However, research has often examined its influence on academic performance andwell-being separately, relying on single mediators such as test anxiety or basicpsychological needs. The present study proposes an integrated structural model inwhich EI affects both happiness and academic performance through two parallelpathways. Using data from 205 university students, the analysis incorporated fivesequential components: (1) Emotional Intelligence, (2) Cognitive Test Anxiety, (3)autonomy, competence, and relatedness, (4) Happiness, and (5) AcademicPerformance (GPA). Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine howEI predicts both happiness and academic performance through complementaryemotional-cognitive and motivational-affective routes. Results showed that EInegatively predicted CTA and positively predicted autonomy, competence, andrelatedness. CTA was a significant negative predictor of GPA, whereas the threeneeds strongly predicted happiness. EI indirectly influenced academic performancethrough CTA and indirectly influenced happiness through the basic psychologicalneeds. These findings position EI as a dual-pathway resource that supportsacademic functioning through the reduction of cognitive test anxiety and enhancesstudents’ well-being through the satisfaction of autonomy, competence, andrelatedness. Implications for higher education include the importance of fosteringemotional skills, supporting basic psychological needs, and creating learningenvironments that minimize evaluative stress.

Résumé du volume Qu’est-ce que le féminisme ? Ce dictionnaire apporte une réponse large (la contestation de l’inégalité entre les sexes), plurielle (les mouvements de femmes, les philosophies ou idéologies qui les nourrissent) et contextualisée, sous la forme de près de 600 entrées. Biographiques, car le féminisme est fait de grandes figures, égéries conscientes ou non de la cause, et thématiques, car il est porteur d’une identité politique et culturelle qui a marqué la plupart des grands mouvements sociaux, politiques et philosophiques. Issu de recherches universitaires récentes, ce dictionnaire rend compte, avec méthode et pédagogie, de toute la richesse du mouvement féministe en France. Contre-mouvement qui suscite polarisations et crispations, le féminisme reste en réalité peu connu ; il est pourtant à l’œuvre dans l’une des plus profondes transformations sociétales des deux derniers siècles : le recul de la domination masculine, les progrès de l’égalité des sexes et des libertés, la mise en question de la différenciation hiérarchisée (le genre). Il fait aujourd’hui encore, par nécessité, partie de l’histoire en mouvement. C’est ce que nous démontrent les 200 collaborateurs de cet ouvrage, qui parcourt l’ensemble des thèmes liés à la cause des femmes, réaffirmant, parce qu’il le faut, qu’aucune question sociale ne se résoudra sans elle.

Skyros Island, the largest island of the Sporades Complex (NW Aegean Sea, Greece), preserves a geologically diverse record spanning from the Upper Permian to the Quaternary, including crystalline and non-metamorphosed carbonate rocks, ophiolitic rocks and mélanges, medium-grade metamorphic units, rare Miocene volcanic rocks, and impressive fossil-bearing sediments and tufa deposits, together with historically significant quarry and mining landscapes. Through a comprehensive evaluation of the geological heritage of Skyros, this study proposes a transferable, results-based framework for geoconservation, geoeducation, and tourism space management within a geopark context. A systematic inventory of twenty (20) geosites, including six (6) flagship case studies, was established based on scientific value, dominant geodiversity type, risk of degradation, accessibility, educational and tourism potential. The assessment integrates the Scientific Value and Risk of Degradation criteria with complementary management and sustainability indicators. The results demonstrate consistently high scientific value across the selected geosites, with several reaching maximum or near-maximum scores due to their rarity, integrity, and reference character at a regional to international scale. Although some geosites exhibit elevated degradation risk, overall vulnerability is considered manageable through targeted conservation measures and spatially explicit visitor management. Based on the assessment results, a network of thematic georoutes was developed and evaluated using route-level indicators, including number of geosites, route length, educational potential, tourism suitability, accessibility, and contribution to responsible geotourism. The study demonstrates how integrated geosite and georoute assessment can support sustainable land management and confirms that Skyros Island meets key criteria for inclusion in the Hellenic Geoparks Network, providing a robust scientific basis for future UNESCO Global Geopark designation.

The hydrogeological regime and the persistent moisture intrusion phenomena at the Holy Monastery of Kleiston are fundamentally dictated by a complex tectonic framework within the Sub-Pelagonian Unit of Mount Parnitha, NW of Athens, Greece. This study identifies the monastery’s location as a site of intense structural deformation, where the stratigraphic sequence is governed by a series of successive tectonic nappes. The structural architecture is defined by two primary thrust faults: an upper thrust (No 1) that positions carbonate rocks over volcanosedimentary formations, and a lower, sub-parallel thrust (No 2) that repositions the volcanosedimentary sequence atop an underlying lower carbonate series. Central to the water intrusion mechanism is the identification of two low-angle fault surfaces, designated as No 3 and No 4, which act as primary hydraulic discontinuities. Crucially, both of these tectonic surfaces are situated within the mass of the lower carbonate rocks and are oriented sub-parallel to the lower thrust, effectively mirroring its geometry. These intra-lithic discontinuities serve as the primary structural controls for groundwater movement, with the upper surface (No 3) coinciding with the main foundation level and the roof of the Catholicon, while the lower surface (No 4) dictates the base of the local epikarst hydrogeological system.The interaction between this tectonic fabric and the carbonate lithology has facilitated the development of an extensive epikarst zone, exceeding 10 meters in thickness, characterized by high secondary porosity. This zone is defined by two principal discontinuity systems -striking NNW-SSE and NE-SW- alongside secondary fractures that have undergone significant karstification. The mechanical widening of these joints is further enhanced by the deep penetration of root systems, which extend up to seven meters into the rock mass, creating vertical conduits. Hydrogeologically, the epikarst functions as a perched aquifer, recharged through a combination of direct autogenic precipitation and lateral allogenic contribution from upstream debris and weathered volcanosedimentary mantles.The manifestation of water and humidity within the monastery's functional spaces is the direct result of epikarst spring fronts emerging at the intersections of these specific tectonic surfaces with the building infrastructure. The upper fault surface (No 3) directs groundwater discharge into the Catholicon and the adjacent storage caverns, a process exacerbated by the thin carbonate cover which offers minimal lag time between precipitation events and intrusion. Simultaneously, the lower fault surface (No 4) facilitates discharge into minor caves and areas beneath the monastery’s retaining walls and communal spaces. This structural control explains the persistence of moisture even during arid periods, as the complex network of tectonic voids and karstified joints within the epikarst serves as a shallow reservoir. Consequently, the study concludes that the water intrusion at the Holy Monastery of Kleiston is a structurally driven phenomenon, where sub-parallel tectonic discontinuities within the lower carbonates serve as the primary conduits for the localized hydrogeodynamic discharge of the epikarst aquifer.

Abstract Medicanes are high-impact weather systems in the Mediterranean region, associated with floodings, severe damage and human casualties. While there has been continuous effort to understand the dynamic aspects of these systems, little is known about the underlying cloud-scale processes, which cannot be resolved explicitly, consisting a notorious source of uncertainty in atmospheric models. In this study a numerical model with comprehensive Secondary Ice Production (SIP) descriptions is used to investigate the impact of SIP on the evolution of medicane Qendresa. SIP refers to processes that can generate small cloud-ice crystals in concentrations exceeding those produced by primary ice nucleation, promoting cloud glaciation and precipitation. However, its effects on medicane thermodynamics have not been considered before. Our results indicate that improving SIP representation in the model leads to a more accurate prediction of the cyclone track, resulting in improved precipitation patterns, particularly in the regions where extreme precipitation is observed.

As the frequency and severity of extreme weather events may increase due to climate change, understanding their impacts on water systems, resources, and infrastructure becomes very important. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on how extreme storms and floods disrupt interrelated elements comprising water systems by examining the case of Storm Daniel, which struck the Thessaly region of Greece in September 2023. Using a multi-source approach, including field data, institutional reports, scientific assessments, and publications, the study systematically identifies and categorizes the impacts of the storm and the ensuing flood across surface waters, drinking water supply, and wastewater infrastructure and other water-related systems through various mechanisms. The findings provide an overview of how such extreme storms may affect such systems and reveal widespread, interconnected disruptions that highlight systemic vulnerabilities in both natural and engineered systems, synthesizing these impact pathways. The study presents evidence of poor resilience against extreme events and climate change hazards in water-related infrastructure.

Global urbanization has promoted to an increasing scale of construction projects, thereby making the optimization of construction project organization design a critical task in engineering management. However, conventional methods relying on empirical decision-making suffer from issues like low resource allocation efficiency, many difficulties in coordinating multi-objective conflicts and insufficient dynamic adjustment capabilities. To address these issues, we propose the first multi-objective extension of the Animated Oat Optimization algorithm (MOAOO), which represents a pioneering contribution in transforming the single-objective AOO into a multi-objective optimizer for construction project organization design. The developed algorithm fundamentally extends the biological mechanism of Animated Oat Optimization introducing several key innovations: (a) a novel hybrid position update rule combining Elite Reference Points and stochastic perturbations to prevent premature convergence; (b) an innovative three-layer constraint processing mechanism ensuring the generation of feasible solutions; and (c) a dual-threshold convergence monitoring system for early termination. Notably, we establish MOAOO as the inaugural multi-objective variant of AOO, integrating dynamic elite retention strategies, non-dominated sorting, and dynamic archive mechanisms to enable effective collaborative optimization of three conflicting goals. Enough experiments on ZDT test functions demonstrate that the designed MOAOO method shows competitive performance compared to advanced algorithms such as Pre-DEMO, MOEA/D-OED, and Pi-MOEA in terms of hypervolume inverted generational distance and the Spacing metrics. The indicator is improved in certain configurations. In an engineering case study, MOAOO reduces resource fluctuation by 72.7% in the compromise solution while achieving a balanced duration (279 days) and cost ($1.34 M). Moreover, the proposed algorithm converges in 118 iterations on average, thereby verifying its practical value in construction scheduling.

ABSTRACT Inflation, defined as the trend of the continuous increasing of the general level of prices within a country's economy during a time period, affects both the private and public sectors of the economy. Policy makers have the need to control and stabilize the rate of inflation at low levels to achieve economic growth and prosperity. Particularly, they use the rate of inflation as a measure to diagnose economic problems and then to apply the corresponding macroeconomic policies. So, inflation rate forecasting must be accurate, and the measurement of the inflation rate, which is usually dependent on the consumer price index (CPI), should be as accurate as possible. Although there are many different ways to anticipate the CPI, the most accurate methods are those that use artificial neural network models. These methods usually outperform the traditional statistical-based forecasting techniques. This study spans the period from January 2015 to December 2024 using monthly, non-seasonally adjusted data from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Since WASD (weights and structure determination) neural networks have been demonstrated to address the drawbacks of traditional back-propagation neural networks, like poor training speed and local minimum, a three-layer power-activation WASD neural network model, termed WASDCPI, is taken into consideration. The WASDCPI model performs better than other well-known machine learning techniques for predicting the CPI of countries, including the USA, UK, Germany, France, India, Switzerland, Korea, and the Slovak Republic. All the data analysis is being conducted using the MATLAB environment.

Prologue: "The cruel ravages which have been committed by the Turks might well have inspired another Homer!"   The slave-markets of Scio (Chios), Constantinople and Smyrna were always full of Greek women and girls, some offered as gifts to Sultan Mahmut II for his harem, according to the accounts of Louise Demont and Princess Celine, who accompanied Princess Caroline, then future Queen of Great Britain during her travels in 1814 to 1820.

Scholars have put a lot of emphasis on time-varying linear matrix equations (LMEs) problems because of its importance in science and engineering. The problem of determining the time-varying LME’s minimum-norm least-squares solution (MLLE) is therefore tackled in this work. This is achieved by the use of NHZNN, a recently developed neutrosophic logic/fuzzy adaptive high-order zeroing neural network technique. The NHZNN is an advancement on the conventional zeroing neural network (ZNN) technique, which has shown great promise in solving time-varying tasks. To address the MLLE task for arbitrary-dimensional time-varying matrices, three novel ZNN models are presented. The models perform exceptionally well, as demonstrated by two simulation studies and two real-world applications to acoustic source tracking.

The Komolithoi badlands, located in the Kissamos providence of Chania, Crete (Greece), are dunes consisting of soft clay that form conic shapes and represent a visually striking and geomorphologically active landscape, shaped by intense erosional processes characteristic of Mediterranean semi-arid environments. Their study can offer insights into the processes and mechanisms of erosion since due to their unique rock properties, including their high clay content, low organic matter, and low infiltration capacity, they are exceptionally vulnerable to erosion. Capturing the complexity and evolution of such landforms requires high-resolution, georeferenced data and a flexible methodological framework adapted to this challenging terrain.In this study, we combine Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) data to generate ultra-detailed 3D models of the Komolithoi formations. Two full surveys were conducted in 2023 and 2024, enabling the construction of multitemporal point clouds. The integration of aerial and terrestrial methods enables dense, accurate surface coverage, overcoming limitations posed by occlusions, steep gradients, and fine-scale roughness. The resulting point clouds achieve high spatial resolution and geolocation precision, offering valuable insights into both surface morphology and potential erosion pathways. In addition to forming a baseline for future monitoring, the datasets allow for preliminary assessment of geomorphic dynamics and sediment redistribution.This contribution emphasizes the methodological potential of combining UAS and TLS technologies for badland research. It highlights how modern geomatics can advance the study of erosional landscapes where traditional surveying methods may fall short. Ultimately, this work contributes to the development of standardized, high-accuracy protocols for mapping and modeling badlands, aligning with broader efforts to monitor landscape change and aid land management in sensitive geomorphic environments.

We establish an integration theory for singular subalgebroids, by diffeological groupoids. To do so, we single out a class of diffeological groupoids satisfying specific properties, and we introduce a differentiation-integration procedure under which they correspond to singular subalgebroids. Our definition of integration distinguishes the holonomy groupoid from the graph, although both differentiate to the original singular subalgebroid: the holonomy groupoid satisfies a certain submersive property, while the graph does not.

Preserving the structural integrity of biomimetic foldamers upon surface deposition is essential for their integration into functional molecular architectures and devices. When assembled in well-ordered monolayers, these molecules can exhibit distinctive characteristics. In this study, we investigate the electrospray-controlled ion beam deposition of foldamer molecules in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environment on an Au(111) surface and examine how their conformation depends on the mean landing energy during deposition. At a low mean landing energy of about 0.6 eV, intact foldamers are observed on the surface, whereas higher landing energies predominantly result in unfolded molecules and partially folded states. Additionally, annealing of the substrate converts folded conformations into unfolded ones. These results highlight the importance of soft-landing conditions to maintain hydrogen-bond-stabilized architectures on surfaces, offering a model platform for studying the structure–function relationship of surface-supported thermolabile biomolecules.Preserving the structural integrity of biomimetic foldamers upon surface deposition is essential for their integration into functional molecular architectures and devices. When assembled in well-ordered monolayers, these molecules can exhibit distinctive characteristics. In this study, we investigate the electrospray-controlled ion beam deposition of foldamer molecules in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) environment on an Au(111) surface and examine how their conformation depends on the mean landing energy during deposition. At a low mean landing energy of about 0.6 eV, intact foldamers are observed on the surface, whereas higher landing energies predominantly result in unfolded molecules and partially folded states. Additionally, annealing of the substrate converts folded conformations into unfolded ones. These results highlight the importance of soft-landing conditions to maintain hydrogen-bond-stabilized architectures on surfaces, offering a model platform for studying the structure–function relationship of surface-supported thermolabile biomolecules.

The present study investigates the alterations of the coastal area of the Acheloos’ deltaic complex (E. Greece) for the last 20 ka and the shoreline response to the anticipated sea level rise, according to various sea-level rise prediction scenarios. The distant and near past were reconstructed through the interpretation of seismic data, sediment cores and historical aerial imagery, while the future state was evaluated considering the IPCC sea-level rise projections, adapted to the specific geomorphological and sedimentological characteristics of the study area. The results indicate a significant alteration of the area throughout the Holocene, primarily driven by the constant sea level fluctuation, while for the recent past, severe erosion has been observed in the entire study area, in places reaching 250 m (~3.4 m/yr) for the past 75 years. The IPCC predictions for 2100 suggest a continuous reduction of the delta, by 10% to 20% of the present area, while considering the most extreme climatic scenario, the percentage of the lost area could reach up to 60% of the total deltaic plain. Regardless of the prevailing scenario, it was estimated that for each 0.1 m of sea-level rise, the average land loss at the deltaic area is approximately 2.8 km2.

The balance between liquid and ice in clouds remains a major challenge in climate modeling, largely due to uncertainties in ice-related processes. We investigate the relative importance of four microphysical processes—primary ice nucleation (PIN), secondary ice production (SIP), sedimentation, and transport of ice crystals—for the supercooled liquid fraction (SLF) in mixed-phase clouds using three global climate models: EC-Earth3-AerChem, NorESM2-MM, and ECHAM6.3-HAM2.3. All models identify PIN as the dominant influence on SLF at cold temperatures in high northern latitudes, but diverge elsewhere and for higher temperatures. Implementing a unified SIP parameterization produced varied model responses, revealing fundamental differences in how microphysical processes interact within each model framework. These discrepancies suggest that each model prioritizes different processes in shaping the cloud phase. Such divergence may limit the reliability of conclusions regarding microphysical processes drawn from any single model.

BackgroundCognitive impairment is a major determinant of functional outcome in psychotic spectrum disorders. Among cognitive domains, motor response inhibition has received limited longitudinal investigation. The present study examined the temporal course of inhibitory performance and its relationship with dimensional psychopathology in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Methods Thirty-eight outpatients (23 schizophrenia spectrum, 15 bipolar spectrum) from the e-Prevention project were followed for up to 26 months. At monthly or bi-monthly intervals, participants completed a computerized Go/No-Go task assessing accuracy, response speed and intra-individual variability of response speed. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated the effects of time, diagnosis and longitudinal change in symptom severity on performance, controlling for medication and neuropsychological variables. Results Accuracy declined over time in schizophrenia but slightly improved in bipolar disorder, indicating divergent longitudinal trajectories (F = 9.02, p = .007). Time had no effect on response speed and intra-individual variability of response speed in either group. Increased positive symptom severity was associated with reduced accuracy in bipolar disorder but not in schizophrenia (F = 4.85, p = .036). Finally, greater speed intra-individual variability of response speed correlated with higher disorganization scores across diagnoses (F = 5.54, p = .027). Conclusions This study provides preliminary evidence that inhibitory control exhibits distinct temporal patterns in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia could be marked by gradual accuracy decline, while in bipolar disorder, accuracy may show relative stability modulated by positive symptoms. Future work on larger samples should incorporate neurophysiology/neuroimaging, to elucidate the underlying neural mechanisms of these differences.

Bladder cancer (BlCa) exhibits a highly heterogeneous molecular landscape and treatment response, underlining the pressing need for personalized prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) constitutes the most abundant RNA modification, modulates RNA biology/metabolism, and maintains cellular homeostasis, with its dysregulation involved in cancer initiation and progression. Herein, we evaluated the clinical value of METTL3 m6A methyltransferase, the main catalytic component of m6A methylation machinery, in improving BlCa patients' risk stratification and prognosis. The screening cohort of the study included 213 patients. The UROMOL (n = 535) was analyzed as a validation cohort for non-muscle-invasive BlCa (NMIBC), while the TCGA-BLCA (n = 412) and Mariathasan et al. (n = 348) cohorts were analyzed for muscle-invasive BlCa (MIBC). Disease recurrence/progression and patients' mortality were assessed as clinical endpoints for NMIBC and MIBC, respectively. Internal validation of Cox regression models was conducted using bootstrap analysis, while the clinical utility for patient prognosis was evaluated through decision curve analysis. Reduced METTL3 expression was correlated with muscle-invasive disease and tumors of advanced stage. Loss of METTL3 expression at diagnosis was strongly associated with higher risk of short-term progression (HR = 2.903, 95% CI: 1.303-6.464, p = 0.006) to invasive stages in NMIBC and with worse survival of MIBC patients (HR = 1.908, 95% CI: 1.020-3.567, p = 0.042). Consistently, validation cohorts confirmed the poor treatment outcomes in patients exhibiting loss of METTL3. Finally, METTL3-fitted multivariate models improved risk stratification and offered superior clinical benefit for NMIBC and MIBC prognostication compared to clinically established disease markers. Overall, loss of METTL3 expression correlates with inferior treatment outcomes in BlCa, driving more accurate risk stratification and ameliorating patients' prognosis in BlCa.

Tantalum disulfide (1T-TaS₂) is a quasi-two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) that exhibits a series of charge density wave (CDW) transitions upon cooling and heating. These collective electronic phases can be tuned or disrupted by external stimuli such as pressure, electric fields, or illumination, leading to metastable or hidden metallic states. In nanoscale crystals of 1T-TaS₂, rapid cooling suppresses the insulating commensurate CDW (CCDW) phase and stabilizes a metastable metallic state, known as the super-cooled nearly commensurate CDW (SC-NCCDW) phase. However, the atomic-scale structure and microscopic origin of this state remain elusive. Here, we combine electrical transport measurements with structural characterization to elucidate the nature of the SC-NCCDW phase in 1T-TaS₂ nanocrystals. Temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction reveals that, under gradual cooling, the NCCDW-to-CCDW transition is accompanied by lattice-volume expansion. In contrast, this anomaly is strongly suppressed upon rapid cooling, correlating with the stabilization of the SC-NCCDW state. Complementary high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) shows that rapid cooling produces a mixed-phase configuration containing structural motifs of both NCCDW and CCDW phases, indicating that the SC-NCCDW represents an intermediate structural configuration frozen by kinetic constraints. These findings provide, to our knowledge, the first direct structural evidence of the SC-NCCDW state and offer a mechanistic understanding of cooling-rate-controlled metastability in layered correlated compounds such as 1T-TaS₂.

The present study investigates alterations in the coastal area of the Acheloos deltaic complex (W. Greece) during the period 1945 – 2020 and the shoreline response to anticipated sea-level rise under various RCP scenarios. The authors used two methods of analysis: area measurement in non-linear sections of the coast, and longitudinal displacement of the coastline using DSAS. The future state of the coastal area analyzed by considering IPCC predictions, adjusted for local conditions. The results reveal severe erosion in the entire study area, reaching 250 m (~3.4 m/yr) in places, mostly due to the diversion of the main Acheloos River channel, whereas coastal protection works constructed in the 90s have partially mitigated the erosional rate. The IPCC predictions for 2100 show a continuous shrinking of the delta by 10% to 20% of the present area, while under the most extreme climate scenario, deltaic area loss could reach 60%. Regardless of the prevailing scenario, it was estimated that for each 0.1 m of sea-level rise, the average land loss at the deltaic area is approximately 2.8 km2.

Karst caves preserve complex morphologies that reflect long-term landscape evolution while also presenting significant challenges for documentation and stability assessment. This study develops and applies an integrated workflow that combines multi-sensor close-range remote sensing equipment and techniques, to produce high-resolution 3D models of two of the most popular show caves in Greece. The combined datasets enabled the construction of detailed geomorphological maps and a quantitative description of the cave interiors, including the spatial distribution of speleothems. Because manual counting and measurement of speleothems is often impractical, a semi-automatic procedure was implemented based on geometric feature extraction, morphometric filtering and connected-component segmentation. The method reproduced manual counts accurately in areas where speleothems are well separated, and it also captured dense clusters that are difficult to document visually. The structural configuration of both caves was examined through fracture analysis performed directly on the 3D models, and these structural data were incorporated into three-dimensional distinct element simulations to evaluate potential instability mechanisms. The combined geomorphological and mechanical results demonstrate how multi-sensor 3D mapping can support cave management by providing a basis for hazard assessment and establishing a framework suitable for future multi-temporal monitoring.

This study addresses the problem of stock investment strategy, aiming to select the optimal k (k < n) stocks from a set of n stocks within a distributed topology to maximize investment returns. To this end, we propose a dynamic and adaptive neural network model based on the distributed k-winner-take-all (k-WTA) protocol. Firstly, we reformulate the k-WTA problem as a constrained quadratic programming problem and utilize the Sigmoid activation function to relax equality and inequality constraints. Secondly, by combining the simplified constraints with the graph-based topology of stock interactions, we construct a Lagrangian function and develop a time-evolving dynamic neural network whose neuron states update continuously until convergence, reflecting temporal adaptability and convergence dynamics. Unlike traditional centralized methods, the proposed network allows each stock node to communicate only with its connected neighbors, ensuring decentralized computation and scalability. We further present the hardware implementation and theoretically prove the model’s stability and convergence under connected graph topologies. Experiments include six static-input tests (different stock counts, parameters, and Gaussian noise) and dynamic validation using real-world stock data from 30 assets over 50 trading days. All seven experimental results confirm the feasibility, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed model. Comparative analysis with existing WTA models also demonstrates superior adaptability and convergence performance.

Please cite as:Kamberidou, Irene (2026). Parental Time Allocation in Greece and the "Flexibility Stigma." Presentation at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) Athens lecture Series. Hosted by the LSE Centre for Research on Contemporary Greece and Cyprus in collaboration with the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 27 Feb. 2026. Available on the NKUA YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/live/K_6GAKedGzM** Also available in Pergamos: https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/5359133/file.pdf

Geomorphological transformations represent one of the most significant outcomes of high-magnitude flood events, as intense hydraulic forces have the capacity to rapidly reshape river channels, redistribute sediments, and modify the connectivity and functionality of adjacent floodplains. Understanding these processes is crucial for both hazard assessment and sustainable river management. In this context, the present study employs a multi-temporal approach using Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) combined with Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry to detect, visualize and quantify geomorphological changes induced by flooding along selected sections of the Lilas River, located on Evia Island in Central Greece. These particular river reaches were strongly affected by the extreme flash flood that occurred in August 2020, an event that caused significant geomorphic disruption.High-resolution aerial surveys were carried out both before the flood event, and shortly thereafter, in June 2018 and in September 2020 respectively. These surveys enabled the generation of highly detailed Digital Surface Models (DSMs) and orthomosaics, with a ground sampling resolution of approximately 2.5 cm. By performing differential analyses of the DSMs, the study was able to capture detailed patterns of erosion and deposition along the river corridor. The results indicate a pronounced spatial variability, with areas of intense erosion exhibiting local vertical lowering exceeding 7 meters, while zones of sediment accumulation showed depositional aggradation of up to approximately 5 meters after corrections for vegetation cover. Such extreme geomorphic changes highlight the uneven distribution of flood-induced forces along the river channel.One of the most striking findings of the study is the substantial channel widening that occurred in response to the flood. At specific locations, cross-sectional widths expanded by factors ranging from three to nine, primarily as a result of lateral bank erosion. These findings underscore the complex interactions between natural geomorphic processes, extreme hydrological forcing, and anthropogenic landscape modifications, demonstrating that flood impacts cannot be understood without considering the coupled effects of these factors.Overall, the study illustrates the capability of repeatable UAS–SfM workflows to provide high-resolution, quantitative evidence of flood-driven geomorphic change. Such data are invaluable for supporting post-event assessments, informing river restoration planning, and guiding the design of infrastructure adaptation strategies. Moreover, the results contribute to broader efforts in flood risk management, particularly in Mediterranean catchments that are highly susceptible to extreme weather events. By integrating detailed topographic measurements with hydrological and ecological considerations, the methodology presented here represents a powerful tool for anticipating and mitigating the consequences of future floods.

In recent years, the computation of the time-varying matrix (TVM) Moore–Penrose inverse, or pseudoinverse, has become increasingly important for addressing dynamic problems across various fields, including engineering, physics, and computer science. This work explores the application of the zeroing neural network (ZNN) methodology, a state-of-the-art technique, to efficiently compute the TVM pseudoinverse. A novel ZNN model is proposed for this purpose, representing the first such contribution in the literature. Its effectiveness is benchmarked against a widely adopted ZNN framework. Furthermore, the study introduces a high-performance finite-time neutrosophic logic/fuzzy adaptive activation function, derived from the commonly used sign-bi-power nonlinear activation function, and provides an in-depth investigation of its properties and advantages. Through three illustrative comparative numerical simulations and a real-world robotic motion tracking application, the proposed model and activation function demonstrate outstanding effectiveness in solving the TVM pseudoinversion problem for arbitrary-dimensional matrices.

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A search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to a charm quark-antiquark pair, H → cc, produced in association with a top quark-antiquark pair (ttH) is presented. The search is performed with data from proton-proton collisions at √ s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138/fb. Advanced machine learning techniques are employed for jet flavor identification and event classification. The Higgs boson decay to a bottom quark-antiquark pair is measured simultaneously and the observed ttH (H → bb) event rate relative to the standard model expectation is 0.91 +0.26−0.22. The observed (expected) upper limit on the product of production cross section and branching fraction σ(ttH) B(H → cc) is 0.11 (0.13) pb at 95% confidence level, corresponding to 7.8 (8.7) times the standard model prediction. When combined with the previous search for H → cc via associated production with a W or Z boson, the observed (expected) 95% confidence interval on the Higgs-charm Yukawa coupling modifier, κc, is |κc| < 3.5 (2.7), the most stringent constraint to date.

The present study investigates the social and demographic characteristics of participants in the contemporary running movement in Greece, interpreting the phenomenon through the theoretical lens of postmodernity. Drawing on empirical data from 3,228 runners who participated in a large-scale running event, the research examines whether the Greek running movement constitutes merely a form of recreational physical activity or a distinct social and cultural field within the broader sports system. Beyond descriptive statistical mapping, the study integrates theories of new social movements, social stratification, social capital, and systems theory, alongside postmodern sociological perspectives (Habermas, Inglehart) to interpret the structural and symbolic dimensions of participation. The findings indicate that the running movement in Greece is predominantly composed of middle-to-upper social strata, characterized by high educational attainment and relatively stable income levels. Significant gender differences persist, with male participation remaining dominant, although female presence is steadily increasing. The results suggest that running has transcended the boundaries of individual exercise and has become a postmodern field of identity construction, value expression, and symbolic transformation of public space. Participants demonstrate strong elements of individualization combined with selective forms of collective belonging, reflecting broader value shifts toward self-realization, health, autonomy, and experiential lifestyles. The study concludes that the Greek running movement functions as a distinct sports subsystem and as a postmodern social movement that redefines the relationship between social stratification, identity, and the transformation of urban space.  

Social well-being is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor in defining and understanding health. In recent years, health issues have transcended the boundaries of medical science, which once held a dominant position under the positivist biomedical model. In today’s digital era, health is explored through a broader spectrum of disciplines, which include sociology, psychology, political economy, cognitive sciences and, notably, sports science. This study, following interdisciplinary paths, seeks to construct a theoretical framework that facilitates the analysis and examination of social well-being within the context of sports and exercise, addressing both the virtual and physical dimensions of reality.   Keywords: social well-being, digital-virtual world, avatars, athletic activity, sport exercises

The ability to confine light below the diffraction limit — coherently and without loss — has long been considered unattainable in transparent dielectrics. This limitation steered nanophotonics towards plasmonics, in which subwavelength confinement can be achieved at the expense of material absorption. Singular nanophotonics, also called singulonics, is an emerging regime in nanophotonics, which can overcome the trade-off between confinement and loss by leveraging the singular dispersion equation in lossless dielectric media, giving rise to highly localized singular modes, called narwhal wavefunctions. This framework establishes a rigorous, lossless pathway to sub-diffraction confinement, grounded in Maxwell’s equations and governed by the interplay between spatial and momentum uncertainties. This Perspective presents the theoretical foundations and experimental realizations of singular nanophotonics, contrasts it with conventional plasmonic and dielectric approaches and explores its broad implications and challenges.

In this work, we present a theoretical investigation of electron–surface optical phonon (SOP) interactions and Auger recombination processes in monolayer PtSe2 and PtS2 supported on polar dielectric substrates such as SiO2 and hBN. The analysis is based on a low-energy effective Hamiltonian describing the electronic structure near the K and K′ valleys of the Brillouin zone, combined with the Fröhlich interaction model to account for the coupling between charge carriers and substrate-induced optical phonons. The comparison between Auger recombination and SOP scattering is performed at a representative carrier density of n=1012 cm−2 within the investigated temperature range. We analyze the formation of polaronic states arising from the hybridization between electronic excitations and SOPs and evaluate the associated Rabi splitting energies and oscillator strengths. The temperature dependence of the SOP-induced scattering rates and the influence of the monolayer–substrate separation on carrier–phonon interactions are also examined. Our results show that electron–phonon coupling strongly depends on the dielectric properties of the supporting substrate, with larger anticrossing gaps predicted for hBN-supported structures compared with SiO2-supported systems. Auger recombination constitutes the dominant carrier relaxation channel within the investigated temperature range, whereas SOP scattering becomes increasingly significant at elevated temperatures, where both mechanisms approach a comparable inelastic phonon-limited regime. These findings highlight the role of dielectric engineering in controlling carrier relaxation dynamics in Pt-based TMDC heterostructures.

Geomorphological change is a fundamental consequence of high-magnitude flood events, as extreme hydraulic forcing can rapidly reshape river channels, redistribute sediment, and alter floodplain connectivity. This study applies multi-temporal UAS-based Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry to quantify flood-induced geomorphological changes along two representative reaches of the Lilas River (Evia Island, Central Greece) affected by the extreme August 2020 flash flood. High-resolution aerial surveys were conducted prior to the event (June 2018) and shortly after the flood (September 2020), producing Digital Surface Models (DSMs) and orthomosaics with a ground sampling distance of ~2.5 cm. Differential DSM analysis reveals pronounced spatial heterogeneity in erosion and deposition, with net erosional lowering locally exceeding 7 m and depositional aggradation reaching up to ~5 m after accounting for vegetation effects. Channel widening was the dominant response, with cross-sectional widths increasing by a factor of three to nine at selected locations, driven primarily by lateral bank erosion. The results highlight the strong interaction between extreme hydrological forcing, loose alluvial sediments, vegetation removal, and human interventions such as roads and engineered terraces. The study demonstrates how repeatable UAS–SfM workflows can provide quantitative evidence to support post-flood assessment, guide infrastructure adaptation, and inform river restoration and flood risk management in Mediterranean catchments prone to extreme events.

The Amynteo mega-landslide in northern Greece represents one of the most significant mass-wasting events in southeastern Europe in recent decades, with substantial geomorphological, geotechnical, and socio-economic impacts, causing the relocation of an entire village (Anargiri). Understanding such large-scale slope failure requires a multi-scale and multitemporal approach that captures both the surface dynamics and underlying controlling processes. This study investigates pre- and post-failure surface motion associated with the event by integrating Earth Observation (EO) data and Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) surveys. Surface motion gradients extending from the mine toward the nearby village of Anargyri were assessed using multi-temporal SAR interferometry (MT-InSAR) and offset tracking techniques, together with high-resolution UAS-derived Digital Surface Models (DSMs) and orthophotos. We examined the limits of each technique in measuring surface motion and exploited their complementarities across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Multi-sensor SAR datasets, including Copernicus Sentinel-1 and TerraSAR-X, were processed using MT-InSAR, supported by Copernicus EGMS products and the SNAPPING online service. Offset tracking contributed insights in areas with high displacement gradients where phase decorrelation limited interferometric methods. Repeated UAS campaigns further enhanced spatial interpretation and deformation quantification. Our analysis indicated persistent ground deformation in the pre-failure phase, spatial variability in displacement rates, and post-failure reactivation zones. The integration of InSAR and UAS photogrammetry links geomorphic process domains, such as headscarp retreat, lateral spreading, and toe bulging, with slope kinematics. We also investigate how hydrological forcing, mining-related disturbances, and lithological controls contribute to the triggering of the landslide. The study highlights the spatial and temporal dynamics of the Amynteo landslide and demonstrates the value of integrating diverse EO and UAS techniques for advancing landslide geomorphology and hazard assessment in complex slope systems. This multi-scale, multitemporal monitoring approach enhances the early detection of instability and supports the development of early warning strategies in mining environments.

AbstractWord associations are investigated to shed light on the structure of the bilingual mental lexicon. It has been found that the linguistic level in the foreign language (FL) affects the word association responses in lexical availability tasks. Additionally, according to the Revised Hierarchical Model (Kroll & Stewart, 1994), FL word association responses are mediated through the first language (L1), with stronger mediation observed in low proficiency learners compared to high proficiency learners. To explore these issues further, a semantic fluency task was conducted using the stimulus “Fruits and vegetables”. This study examined and compared the word connections between the stimulus and the responses provided by 62 Greek learners of Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) of different proficiency levels according to CEFR (27 at the A level and 35 at the B level) in both their L1 and the FL. To analyze quantitative and qualitative aspects of the word associations found within each linguistic level in each language, the total number of responses and the total number of different responses in every set of responses were counted. Furthermore, the elicited answers were classified based on Precosky´s (2011) taxonomy of word associations. To find evidence of L1 mediation, common words produced in both the L1 and the FL were identified, indicating translation from the L1. The findings of this research primarily provide evidence of quantitative differences among the word associations of the two sets of answers and support the mediation of the L1 in both linguistic levels in the FL.

Περίληψη Η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά την επίδραση της χρήσης του εργαλείου τεχνητής νοημοσύνης ChatGPT στην κατανόηση των βασικών εννοιών του κεφαλαίου "Εξέλιξη" στη Γ' Γυμνασίου. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε σε τρία τμήματα (72 μαθητές), εκ των οποίων τα δύο αποτέλεσαν την πειραματική ομάδα και το ένα την ομάδα ελέγχου. Η παρέμβαση περιλάμβανε καθοδηγούμενη διερεύνηση με ερωτήσεις προς το ChatGPT και σύνθεση εργασίας. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν στατιστικά σημαντική βελτίωση στην τελική επίδοση των μαθητών της πειραματικής ομάδας σε σχέση με την ομάδα ελέγχου. Λέξεις-κλειδιά: Εξέλιξη, ChatGPT, τεχνητή νοημοσύνη, Εκπαίδευση 4.0 

«Αλίμονο! Κακότυχη χώρα! Πέντε χρόνια αργότερα, ήταν η μοίρα σου να πέσεις κάτω από το βάρβαρο χαντζάρι (γιαταγάνι) του Τούρκου, ενώ οι Ευρωπαϊκές Δυνάμεις παρακολουθούσαν ασυγκίνητες. Παγερά θυσιάστηκες στο θέμα της πολιτικής ισορροπίας […] Από την γη αυτή, που ποτίσθηκε με το αίμα των παιδιών της, η Χίος προμηθεύει λιβάνια για τους ναούς των κατακτητών της, οι οποίοι, μέσα στην άγρια οργή τους, αφάνισαν τα θύματά τους χωρίς σεβασμό, όσον αφορά στο φύλο και την ηλικία», γράφει η Πριγκίπισσα Celine, η υιοθετημένη κόρη της Βασίλισσας Καρολίνας, όταν επέστρεψε στη Χίο το 1823 και συγκλονίστηκε από τις επιπτώσεις της Μεγάλης Σφαγής (μτφρ. Ειρ. Καμπερίδου).

The attainment of adult status in Greece is a neglected research issue. Sociodemographic changes and the severity and long duration of the global financial crisis in this country (2008–2018) may have contributed to the delayed entry into adulthood, especially among university students. In this study, conducted during the financial crisis (2015), 814 university students (ages 18–25; M = 19.9) provided information on subjective adult status, subjective adult status with significant others, achievement of adulthood criteria, and several personal and contextual variables. Results showed that two thirds of the sample felt in-between adolescence and adulthood, thus supporting the existence of the emerging adulthood period. They felt more adult in work, university, and romantic relationships, and less adult with parents, friends, and siblings. The criteria achieved most were in the areas of Norm Compliance and Independence, whereas Role Transitions had been achieved the least. A variety of achievements, reflected in Independence, Norm Compliance, and Family Capacities criteria, and some concrete transitions were significantly associated with subjective adult status. Age, gender, parents' educational level, financial constraints, and financial concerns significantly and differentially predicted the achievement of several adulthood markers. Results provide insight into the attainment of adult status in a specific cohort of Greek youth during the aftermath of the Global Recession and underline the need for continuing research on the transition to adulthood in more recent cohorts of youth in this cultural context.

Complex-frequency excitations have recently attracted a lot of attention owing to their ability to solve a number of extraordinary challenges in photonics, such as overcoming losses without gain in metalenses and plasmonic waveguides and achieving virtual absorption. However, the totality of the works so far has been mainly computational or experimental, and a full theory of the complex dynamics enabled by these excitations is still missing. Here, we develop a fully analytical, exact time-domain theory for the dynamical scattering of these excitations by both sides of dielectric plates, which have been used to achieve virtual absorption. Our precise theoretical analysis confirms previous observations and, in addition, reveals a number of intriguing phenomena that were previously missed, such as discontinuities in the scattering of the outgoing electromagnetic field and release of the stored energy in distinct packets.

The Arctic region, one of the most vulnerable areas globally, faces severe climate change impacts, with rising sea levels and temperatures threatening local communities. Modern geoinformation tools provide a reliable, cost-efficient, and time-saving method for assessing these climate changes in Arctic coastal regions. This study focuses on Finland’s Arctic and sub-Arctic diverse coastline. The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) is used to assess the vulnerability of Finland’s coastlines, using advanced geoinformatics tools. Integrating high-resolution data from EMODnet, the National Land Survey of Finland Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and physical sources, the CVI includes six input parameters: geomorphology, coastal slope, shoreline change rates, mean wave height, tidal range, and relative sea-level change. The CVI results reveal pronounced spatial variability: 37% of the coastline is classified with very low vulnerability, primarily in the southern Gulf of Finland, and some northern segments, specifically part of Lapland, exhibit minimal susceptibility to coastal hazards. Conversely, the central Gulf of Bothnia shows high vulnerability (29%), with low and moderate vulnerability zones comprising 27% and 6%, respectively, and very high vulnerability at 1%. This assessment provides essential insights for sustainable coastal management in Finland by offering a replicable model for Arctic coastal assessments. This study supports policymakers and local communities in developing targeted adaptation strategies to enhance resilience against climate-driven coastal hazards.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a shared hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and tauopathies among others. Pathological alterations of the microtubule-associated protein Tau can disrupt mitochondrial dynamics, transport, and function, ultimately leading to neuronal toxicity and synaptic deficits. Understanding these processes is crucial for developing therapeutic interventions. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans serves as a powerful model to study mitochondrial morphology and Tau-induced neurotoxicity due to its well-characterized nervous system and genetic tractability. Here, we describe a robust methodology for assessing mitochondrial morphology, Tau aggregation, and neuronal integrity in a nematode model of tauopathy. By combining confocal laser scanning microscopy and motility assays, we provide a comprehensive framework for investigating mitochondrial deficits. This approach offers valuable insights into the interplay between Tau pathology and mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby advancing our understanding of neurodegenerative mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

Geoethics, which addresses the ethical, social, and cultural dimensions of geoscientific activities, is essential for fostering responsible human engagement with the Earth, particularly within frameworks such as UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps). UGGps play a critical role in safeguarding geological heritage and advancing sustainable regional development. This study introduces the Geoethical Awareness Scale (GAS), a 32-item instrument developed across 16 thematic axes, designed to assess geoethical awareness. We analyzed responses from n = 798 residents across nine Hellenic UGGps using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses, retaining items with factor loadings of ±0.30 or higher. Six factors emerged: (1) geological heritage conservation and sustainable georesource use, (2) community engagement and collaborative governance, (3) sustainability through geoenvironmental education, (4) environmental challenges and risk adaptation, (5) sustainable geotourism, and (6) climate awareness and ecosystem resilience. Collectively, these factors explained 60.12% of the variance, with Cronbach’s alpha values demonstrating acceptable to excellent reliability. Structural Equation Modeling confirmed the scale’s validity, with fit indices indicating acceptable model adequacy. Incremental indices suggested moderate alignment, while parsimony-adjusted metrics supported a balance between model complexity and fit. Overall, the GAS demonstrated generalizability and sufficient sample robustness. Correlation analyses highlighted the role of geoeducation, organizational involvement, and direct experience in fostering pro-geoconservation attitudes. While perceptions of sustainable development and ecosystem resilience varied geographically across UGGps, community engagement and governance remained consistent, likely reflecting standardized policy frameworks. GAS offers a valuable tool for assessing geoethical awareness and underscores the importance of targeted geoeducation and participatory governance in promoting ethical geoscientific practices within UGGps and similar socioecological systems.

BACKGROUND: Nodal assessment in gallbladder cancer remains challenging, particularly in incidental gallbladder cancer. This understages the number of patients with node-positive disease, resulting in prognostic inaccuracy and insufficient adjuvant treatment. This study aimed to identify risk factors for positive nodes in gallbladder cancer and to compare prognostic discrimination of available nodal staging parameters. METHODS: This international cohort study assessed gallbladder cancer resections undertaken between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2020. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for node-positive status and develop a risk prediction score for positive nodes. Nodal staging models, including nodal site, number of positive nodes, and positive node ratio were compared for greatest prognostic discrimination in gallbladder cancer. RESULTS: A total of 3676 patients underwent gallbladder cancer resection across 133 centres in 41 countries. Tumour (T) stage (T2, P = 0.012; T3, P = 0.002; and T4, P < 0.001), lymphovascular and perineural infiltration (P < 0.001), and tumour differentiation (P < 0.001) carried the greatest risk of positive nodes. These three parameters comprised the OMEGA Node Positivity Prediction Score (OMEGA-NOPPS) with C-statistics of 0.81 (95% confidence interval 0.78 to 0.84) in the training data set and 0.79 (0.73 to 0.85) in the test data set for identification of node-positive status, highlighting a ≥ 20% increased risk of positive nodes in poorly differentiated tumours with lymphovascular and perineural infiltration despite T1 disease. CONCLUSION: Data from this large multicentre study confirmed that the number of positive nodes is the most discriminative prognostic model for nodal staging in gallbladder cancer. OMEGA-NOPPS provides three simple parameters to stratify nodal involvement according to risk. Incidental gallbladder cancer with lymphovascular and perineural infiltration and poorly differentiated tumours, including early T stages, should be considered for further treatment.

Athens Demapped. Archaeology, Heritage, and Urban Transformation explores the entangled relationships between classical heritage, memory, and modernity in the evolving city of Athens. Dimitris Plantzos interrogates how archaeology, tourism, and urban planning have shaped the city's identity, revealing Athens not as a timeless monument to antiquity but as a contested landscape where past and present collide.Rather than a neutral cultural asset, Athens’ classical legacy has been mapped, commodified, and weaponised – used both to forge collective memory and to marginalise dissenting voices. Plantzos critically engages with nostalgia, gentrification, and the politics of heritage, exposing how the myth of Athens as the “cradle of Western civilisation” continues to serve shifting ideological and economic agendas.At the heart of the book is the concept of “demapping”: the erasure or overwriting of certain spaces, histories, and communities to reinforce dominant narratives and commercial interests. Drawing on archaeological insight, urban theory, and cultural critique, Athens Demapped reimagines the city as a site of overlapping histories and contested futures.At a moment of rapid urban transformation, this book offers a vital perspective on the uses of the past and the right to the city. Essential reading for scholars of heritage, politics, and space.

Processing of sensory stimuli generated by our own actions differs from that of externally generated stimuli. However, most evidence regarding this phenomenon concerns the processing of unisensory stimuli. A few studies have explored the effect of self-generated actions on multisensory stimuli and how it affects the integration of these stimuli. Most of them used abstract stimuli (e.g., flashes, beeps) rather than more natural ones such as sensations that are commonly correlated with actions that we perform in our everyday lives such as speech. In the current study, we explored the effect of self-generated action on the process of multisensory integration (MSI) during speech. We used a novel paradigm where participants were either listening to the echo of their own speech, while watching a video of themselves producing the same speech (“talk”, active condition), or they listened to their previously recorded speech and watched the prerecorded video of themselves producing the same speech (“listen”, passive condition). In both conditions, different stimulus onset asynchronies were introduced between the auditory and visual streams and participants were asked to perform simultaneity judgments. Using these judgments, we determined temporal binding windows (TBW) of integration for each participant and condition. We found that the TBW was significantly smaller in the active as compared to the passive condition indicating more accurate MSI. These results support the conclusion that sensory perception is modulated by self-generated action at the multisensory in addition to the unisensory level.

We perform a theoretical investigation of the electron–surface optical phonon (SOP) interaction in Van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) formed by monolayer graphene (1LG) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), using eigenenergies obtained from the tight-binding Hamiltonian for electrons. Our analysis reveals that the SOP interaction strength strongly depends on the specific TMDC material. TMDC layers generate localized SOP modes near the 1LG/TMDC interface, serving as effective scattering centers for graphene carriers through long-range Fröhlich coupling. This interaction leads to resonant coupling of electronic sub-levels with SOP, resulting in Rabi splitting of the electronon energy levels. We further explore the influence of different TMDCs, such as WS2, WSe2, MoS2, and MoSe2, on transport properties such as SOP-limited mobility, resistivity, conductivity, and scattering rates across various temperatures and charge carrier densities. Our analysis confirms that at elevated temperatures and low carrier densities, surface optical phonon scattering becomes a dominant factor in determining resistivity. Additionally, we investigate the Auger recombination process at the 1LG/TMDC interface, showing that both Auger and SOP scattering rates increase significantly at room temperature and higher, ultimately converging to constant values as the temperature rises. In contrast, their impact is minimal at lower temperatures. These results highlight the potential of 1LG/TMDC-based vdWHs for controlling key processes, such as SOP interactions and Auger recombination, paving the way for high-performance nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices.

This two-wave study aimed to adapt the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) to the Turkish language and cultural context. At Time 1, participants included 1033 Turkish high school students (Mage = 15.91, SD = 0.36; 41.9% female) from 26 public schools located in Ankara, Türkiye. At Time 2, 849 students continued to participate in the study. A series of CFA provided support to the originally proposed six-factor solution of the BPNSFS and its time invariance along a 6-month period. The results also revealed that in addition to the six-factor model, the Multi-Trait, Multi-Method (MTMM) model could also be used in future research. In addition, testing the reliability and validity of the scale, regression analyses showed that satisfaction of the three needs positively predicted life satisfaction and negatively predicted depressive feelings, while an opposite trend was observed for the need frustration. Our findings suggest that the Turkish version of the scale is reliable and carries similar psychometric features to the original version. © 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Heterojunction formation between BiVO4 nanomaterials and benchmark semiconductor photocatalysts has been keenly pursued as a promising approach to improve charge transport and charge separation via interfacial electron transfer for the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of recalcitrant pharmaceutical pollutants. In this work, a heterostructured TiO2/Mo-BiVO4 bilayer photoanode was fabricated by the deposition of a mesoporous TiO2 overlayer using the benchmark P25 titania catalyst on top of Mo-doped BiVO4 inverse opal films as the supporting layer, which intrinsically absorbs visible light below 490 nm, while offering improved charge transport. A porous P25/Mo-BiVO4 bilayer structure was produced from the densification of the inverse opal underlayer after post-thermal annealing, which was evaluated on photocurrent generation in aqueous electrolyte and the photoelectrocatalytic degradation of the refractory anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen under back-side illumination by visible and UV–Vis light. Significantly enhanced photoelectrochemical performance on both photocurrent density and pharmaceutical degradation was achieved for the bilayer structure with respect to the additive effect of the constituent layers, which was related to the improved light harvesting arising from the backscattering by the mesoporous TiO2 layer in combination with the favorable charge transfer at the TiO2/Mo-BiVO4 interface.

Can sport act as a mediator between cultures? Can sport serve as a tool for social inclusion? Is the social space of sport providing the means for moving from integration to inclusion? Are team sports and physical activity facilitating refugee and migrant integration, to wit providing migrants, refugees and asylum seekers with a form of support in regaining and maintaining their mental health and well-being?  This paper argues that the social space of sport offers a platform, a bridge and a stage—for vulnerable social groups—to promote social integration and subsequently inclusion. In sharing personal stories about refugees and displaced communities, athletes have been challenging stereotypes and encouraging their social media followers to adopt more inclusive attitudes. This paper examines grassroots programs and projects involving tens of thousands of participants around the globe from educators, visionaries, volunteers, and diverse stakeholders, who are using sport to promote social inclusion. Moreover, a wide variety of organizations have been using the power of play and games to nurture peacemaking across divided communities; to ensure visibility; to promote intercultural awareness and gender equality; to eliminate racism and violence in schools and communities. Policy makers claim sport contributes to a wide range of ideals such as intercultural understanding, reconciliation, and integration. In Greece, for example, the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs includes sport, as a tool to promote social justice, in the current National Action Plan for Gender Equality (NAPGE). Remarkable results have been documented in bridging social inequality gaps through sport. Keywords: sport agency, athlete activism, visibility, integration, inclusion, gender, refugee, migrant, xenophobia  

A new giant outburst of the Be X-ray binary RX J0520.5-6932 was detected and subsequently observed with several space-borne and ground-based instruments. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the optical and X-ray data, focusing on the spectral and timing characteristics of selected X-ray observations. A joint fit of spectra from simultaneous observations performed by the X-ray telescope (XRT) on the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift) and Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) provides broad-band parameter constraints, including a cyclotron resonant scattering feature (CRSF) at $32.2_{-0.7}^{+0.8}$ keV with no significant energy change since 2014, and a weaker Fe line. Independent spectral analyses of observations by the Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy, Einstein Probe (EP), Swift-XRT, and NuSTAR demonstrate the consistency of parameters across different bands. Luminosity variations during the current outburst were tracked. The light curve of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) aligns with the X-ray data in both 2014 and 2024. Spin evolution over 10 yr is studied after adding Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor data, improving the orbital parameters, with an estimated orbital period of 24.39 d, slightly differing from OGLE data. Despite intrinsic spin-up during outbursts, a spin-down of $\sim$0.04 s over 10.3 yr is suggested. For the new outburst, the pulse profiles indicate a complicated energy-dependent shape, with decreases around 15 and 25 keV in the pulsed fraction, a first for an extragalactic source. Phase-resolved NuSTAR data indicate variations in parameters such as flux, photon index, and CRSF energy with rotation phase.

As global life expectancy continues to rise, the need to understand and mitigate the effects of aging on human physiology has become increasingly important. Aging is characterized by cellular and functional decline, resulting in a higher prevalence of chronic diseases. Model organisms, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying aging and serve as platforms for developing potential therapeutic interventions. This chapter highlights the utility of C. elegans in aging research by presenting three straightforward protocols: the lifespan assay, thrashing assay, and lipofuscin accumulation assay. These assays are designed to effectively assess key physiological aspects of organismal health and provide a reliable framework for monitoring the aging process and evaluating anti-aging compounds. Here, we demonstrate the application of these protocols using Urolithin A as an example, underscoring their efficacy in advancing our understanding of aging and contributing to the development of potential interventions.

Calcium signaling plays a pivotal role in diverse cellular processes through precise spatiotemporal regulation and interaction with effector proteins across distinct subcellular compartments. Mitochondria, in particular, act as central hubs for calcium buffering, orchestrating energy production, redox balance and apoptotic signaling, among others. While controlled mitochondrial calcium uptake supports ATP synthesis and metabolic regulation, excessive accumulation can trigger oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, and cell death. Emerging findings underscore the intricate interplay between calcium homeostasis and mitophagy, a selective type of autophagy for mitochondria elimination. Although the literature is still emerging, this review delves into the bidirectional relationship between calcium signaling and mitophagy pathways, providing compelling mechanistic insights. Furthermore, we discuss how disruptions in calcium homeostasis impair mitophagy, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and the pathogenesis of common neurodegenerative diseases.

The anticipated rise in extreme flood events in the Eastern Mediterranean region indicates an increase in significant societal impacts that have the potential to extend beyond the flooded areas and affect multiple sectors. Despite the criticality of understanding storm and flood risk and how they propagate in modern interconnected societies, the scope and complexity of storm- and flood-triggered cascading effects are still poorly comprehended. This study explores the effects created by the extreme Storm Daniel, occurring in Thessaly, Greece in 2023, aiming to gather new evidence on the types and scale of these cascading effects by analyzing its impacts in the region through fieldwork and official data collection. The results, as a contribution to existing knowledge on cascade effects, provide insights into the nature, the extent, the propagation mechanisms, and the consequences of these triggering events leading to diverse cascade effects. The study identifies the interactions between different phenomena following this extreme storm event to offer a better understanding of how impacts propagate, and therefore a better understanding of future challenges connected with this type of cascading hazards framework, ultimately contributing to predicting and mitigating associated risks.

The increasing frequency and severity of extreme storms and floods in the Eastern Mediterranean under climate change pose significant challenges for modern societies. These events often trigger cascading effects that extend far beyond the immediate disaster zone, disrupting interconnected systems such as power, transportation, and communication networks. Despite advancements in flood risk management and growing awareness of cascading hazards, the mechanisms driving these interdependencies and their broader impacts remain poorly understood. This study investigates the cascading effects triggered by the catastrophic Storm Daniel, which struck Thessaly, Greece, in September 2023, as a case study to explore the nature, scale, and ways of impact propagation.This work also provides an analysis of cascading effects, based on evidence on historical storm and flood disaster impacts in the Mediterranean region, identifying the interactions between primary hazards (flooding, landslides, erosion) and secondary consequences as well as the diverse sectors that suffer impacts. The analysis reveals different propagation mechanisms of these effects, highlighting the vulnerability of interconnected systems as well as the vulnerability of the natural and the built environment. The cascading effects identified underscore systemic risks of modern societies posed by extreme events, particularly in urban areas with dense, interdependent, and critical infrastructure.The findings contribute to the growing body of literature on cascading disasters, addressing critical knowledge gaps in understanding how extreme weather events propagate through modern societal systems. These insights are particularly relevant in the context of climate change, which is expected to amplify the frequency and intensity of such events.

People living in prisons have higher mortality rates compared to the general population. We undertook a retrospective analysis of deaths recorded between 2010 and 2018 at the sole prison hospital in Greece (Korydallos Prison Special Health Centre for men) to assess the causes of death overall and by type of offence (drug-related or other), sociodemographic characteristics by cause of death, and mortality trends over time. Permission to access forensic reports and criminal files was obtained from the relevant authorities. Deaths were categorized as either non-natural (drug overdose, suicide, and homicide) or natural (cardiovascular disease, cancer, and others). Between 2010 and 2018, 236 deaths were reported; 80.9% were natural deaths, and 19.1% were non-natural deaths. The primary causes of death were circulatory disease (34.7%), cancer (17.8%), suicide (10.2%), respiratory disease (8.9%), and overdose (6.4%). Suicide and overdose accounted for 53.3% and 33.3% of non-natural deaths, respectively. The mean (SD) age at death was 52.4 (16.2) years, with individuals experiencing non-natural deaths being significantly younger than those experiencing natural deaths [39.1 (10.5) vs. 55.5 (15.7), p < 0.001]. Among individuals incarcerated for drug-related offences, 23.8% died from non-natural causes, with drug overdose accounting for 60% of non-natural deaths. A significant peak in mortality was observed in 2013. This study emphasizes the need to closely monitor mortality rates, including drug-related fatalities, to implement suicide prevention training as well as measures to prevent deaths by overdose, including comprehensive harm reduction strategies, overdose education, and naloxone training.

Τhe idea that social influences and social interactions play a central role on individual economic decisions has had a long presence in the history of economics. With the emergence of marginalism, this idea went into background and the concept of atomistic individual became established in mainstream economic rationality. Starting in the 1970’s, there were some attempts to reintroduce non-atomistic preferences in mainstream microeconomic theory in the form of social interactions, interdependent preferences, keeping up with the Joneses, social identity, social preferences, and status concerns. Social preferences have started to have a growing impact among mainstream microeconomics with the advent of behavioral economics, but still they are not in the hard core of the standard theory of choice. The paper argues that atomistic preferences are still prevalent, especially in the form of the assumption of representative agent. It also focuses on the role of methodological individualism and on the theoretical implications of relaxing the assumption of atomistic individual, as main explanations of the resilience of the mainstream economic rationality.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health challenge in India but there is a lack of high-quality data on its clinical characteristics and outcomes. We aimed to describe the TBI population of a tertiary care center in India, identify predictors of inpatient mortality, and assess the performance of existing prognostic tools.METHODS:We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of patients admitted to a high-volume tertiary care center in Vellore, India, after a TBI between 2013 and 2019.RESULTS:

It is often inferred that rising sea levels will result in widespread coastal recession. Erosion appeared prevalent in a worldwide compilation of evidence derived from maps and aerial photographs undertaken in the 1980s by the Commission on the Coastal Environment. Eric Bird, chair of the commission, inferred that >70% of sandy coastlines had retreated, a generalisation that has been widely cited. We reconsider these findings in respect of subsequent advances in shoreline mapping, including greater precision possible using geographical information systems and more frequent remote sensing imagery with increased spatial, spectral and temporal resolution. Satellite-derived shorelines now enable broad global and regional generalisations about shoreline position. Beaches fluctuate over a range of timescales, meaning that trends in their position are highly dependent on techniques and temporal scales adopted for monitoring. Recent global- and regional-scale shoreline assessments indicate that many sandy shorelines have been stable, and that detectable retreat has occurred on fewer beaches than previously inferred. Accretion is apparent on some coasts, particularly where engineering interventions protect or have reclaimed land. There is considerable variability in the behaviour of monitored beaches, and it is not yet possible to decipher a response to the gradual centimetre-scale rise in sea level of recent decades. Instead, we re-emphasise the several other factors that were considered to contribute to recession by the Commission, many of which relate to a change in sediment budget. To provide insights into future coastline behaviour, a better understanding of the multiple drivers on individual beaches is needed to discriminate between erosional events and longer-term trends in shoreline position.

Telehealth holds the potential to expand healthcare access for people who use drugs (PWUD). However, limited data exist on their digital infrastructure access, a prerequisite for telehealth participation. We studied digital healthcare accessibility among PWUD.

ABSTRACT The Lake Volvi area, part of the region of Macedonia (northern Greece), is a biodiversity hotspot, located in the central part of a major communication corridor connecting the western and eastern parts of the Balkans. The sediment succession from Lake Volvi is investigated here to provide a unique high-resolution pollen and geochemical record for the last 2000 years combining palaeoecological and historical methods, implementing the concept of consilience. The palaeoecological data document the environmental dynamics since the occupation of the area by the Romans. The vegetation changes reveal the development of wetland habitats and the variations of the mixed deciduous oak and thermophilous?mesophilous forests, as well as cereal cultivation, grazing and arboriculture, whose intensity varied over time. Archaeological data are available for the 1st millennium ce, but detailed historical evidence becomes accessible from the 13th century  ce onwards through Byzantine and Ottoman documents. Both historical and palaeoecological data indicate that the 16th century was the period of strongest population pressure on the environment of the Volvi region. However, for other periods, it is possible to observe disagreements between the proxies. We demonstrate that these contradictions can be resolved with a more complex understanding of the region's social?ecological dynamics.

The weights and structure determination (WASD) neuronet (or neural network) is a single-hidden-layer feedforward neuronet that exhibits an excellent approximation ability, despite its simple structure. Thanks to its strong generalization, fast speed, and ease of implementation, the WASD neuronet has been the subject of many modifications, including metaheuristics, and applications in a wide range of scientific fields. As it has garnered significant attention in the last decade, the aim of this study is to provide an extensive overview of the WASD framework. Furthermore, the WASD has been effectively used in numerous real-time learning tasks like regression, multiclass classification, and binary classification due to its exceptional performance. In addition, we present WASD’s applications in social science, business, engineering, economics, and medicine. We aim to report these developments and provide some avenues for further research.

Intensifying climate change impacts, such as Sea-Level Rise (SLR), floods, extreme weather events and coastal erosion, threaten ecosystems, infrastructure, and human communities at a global scale, making vulnerability assessments a crucial prerequisite for identifying areas necessitating urgent and effective actions. The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) is a widely used index-based methodology for such assessments; yet its implementation often relies on complex, manual workflows across multiple proprietary desktop Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software. Existing approaches limit accessibility, lack transparency, hinder reproducibility, and are frequently time-consuming. To address these challenges, CVIc (Coastal Vulnerability Index Compiler) is presented herein as a novel, open-source, and open-access geoprocessing web application for the computation of the CVI. CVIc provides an end-to-end dynamic workflow, guiding users from shoreline data import to the application of various standardized indices (CVI, ICVI). CVIc is deployed as a website (https://alexandrosliaskos.github.io/CVIc/) and features interactive tools for shoreline digitization, segmentation, parameter value assignment, and visualization and export of results. The only input requirements are a shoreline Shapefile input or a GeoTIFF image for digitization, and the knowledge of the spatial distribution of the parameter values for the area under study. By leveraging IndexedDB for browser-based data storage, CVIc operates without server-side dependencies, ensuring data privacy, protection and large-scale dataset processing. To our knowledge, this consists the first web solution of its kind, as its streamlined approach into a unified and user-friendly platform makes this type of analysis more feasible to researchers and coastal practitioners, while providing policymakers with more accessible and robust data for decision-making. Its open-source nature enables community-driven advancements, and the simple User Interface (UI) and map components mark it as appropriate for educational purposes.

A base-catalyzed protocol is reported for the construction of 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione scaffolds bearing quaternary carbon centers from carbon disulfide and α-tertiary propargylamines. The reaction proceeds using low catalyst loading, under ambient temperatures, and in the absence of solvent. Various α-tertiary propargylamines have been employed, affording a series of previously unreported thiazolidine-2-thione compounds and avoiding purification via column chromatography in certain cases. We also describe a one-pot strategy for the synthesis of the same products through a KA2 coupling-CS2 incorporation approach. The reaction mechanism and substituent-dependent catalytic behavior were studied through a combination of detailed experimental and computational studies.

Despite Greece’s historical and geographical significance in the Mediterranean, there is currently no national digital repository offering systematic access to Arabic chronicles, diplomatic letters, and travelogues from the eighth to sixteenth centuries. This absence critically impedes rigorous Arabological and Islamological research within Greek academia and restricts the educational landscape to predominantly Eurocentric perspectives. The Hellenic Digital Library of Arabic Historical Sources (HDB-AHS) is proposed as a pre-implementation targeted solution, presenting a trilingual (Greek–English–Arabic) digital platform designed to aggregate, preserve, and openly disseminate these vital sources. The article outlines a six-phase implementation plan combining IIIF, TEI-XML, FAIR for interoperability and reuse and CARE principles where community authority or sensitivity requires it, and open licensing with a robust rights–clearance framework for modern copyrights and sensitive materials. Beyond academic benefits, the project aspires to act as a meeting point of cultures, offering concrete tools for building bridges, combating intolerance, and fostering intercultural understanding. In a world that is rapidly changing, the creation of such an inclusive and responsibly curated digital resource is vital not only for advancing research but also for supporting dialogue and mutual respect across societies. The HDB-AHS provides a blueprint for similar initiatives in underrepresented fields.

The standard wave equation describing symmetrical wave propagation in all directions in three dimensions, was discovered by the French scientist d’Alembert, more than 250 years ago. In the 20th century it became important to search for ‘one-way’ versions of this equation in three dimensions– i.e., an equation describing wave propagation in one direction for all angles, and forbiting it in the opposite direction– for a variety of applications in compu tational and topological physics. Here, by borrowing techniques from relati vistic quantum field theory– in particular, from the Dirac equation–,and starting from Engquist and Majda’s seminal, approximative one-way wave equations, we report the discovery of theexactone-waywaveequationin three dimensions. Surprisingly, we find that this equation necessarily– simi larly to the innate emergence of spin in the Dirac equation– has a topological nature, giving rise to strong, spin-orbit coupling and locking, and non vanishing (integer) Chern numbers.

Saccadic eye movement tasks have been widely used as a probe for measuring cognitive functions in healthy humans as well as in patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Circadian variation has been shown to affect multiple aspects of cognitive function especially executive function related to prefrontal cortex. The effects of diurnal variation in saccadic task performance and the dissociation of these effects from repetition or practice effects has not been adequately addressed. In the current study thirty healthy adults performed several saccadic eye movement tasks including visually guided saccades, antisaccades and countermanding saccades in three consecutive sessions. Participants were divided into three groups, with a different starting time of the sequence of the three sessions across groups (morning or afternoon or evening) to examine the effect of diurnal variation (time of day that the tasks were performed) separated from the effect of session repetition (practice effect). The results showed no effect of diurnal variation for all indexes of saccadic eye movement performance including accuracy (antisaccade and countermanding saccade tasks) speed (mean latency in all tasks) and stability (intra-subject standard deviation of latency in all tasks). In contrast, saccadic task repetition significantly improved accuracy, speed and stability of performance indicating the presence of practice effects in these tasks. Finally, linear mixed model analysis confirmed no interaction between diurnal variation and practice effects for all indexes of saccadic eye movement performance. In conclusion our study provides confirmation that saccadic task performance is not affected by diurnal variation related to circadian rhythms. In contrast, short term repetition of these tasks results in significant practice effects.

In his 1994 novel The Waterworks, E. L. Doctorow constructs a modernGothic tale of horror in the heart of New York City at the end of the nineteenthcentury. Adopting Slavoj Žižek’s “parallax view,” this article contends thatDr. Sartorius’s gory, antagonistic obsession to defeat death constructs a nightmarishnetwork of undead spectral “life” that escapes the ontological horizondelineated by the Symbolic and, at the same time, disrupts its social inscription,rendering visible fin de siècle societal antagonisms. The undead non-subjectswhose materialization is contingent upon the blood and bone marrow of the childrenupon which they prey are used in this modern Gothic text as an exemplificationof the unspeakable Real that is inscribed into the very fabric of capitalism.

The experiences of the Balkan peoples are common, as reflected in the folk songs of their countries. The purpose of this study is to present the common cultural elements and moral social codes of the Greeks and Serbs, as they were shaped in the historical context of the time and are evident in the folk songs "The dead brother" and "The daughter and her brothers" (Браћа и Сестра/lat. Braća i Sestra). In more detail, this comparative study presents similarities in the lives of Greeks and Serbs, in terms of the institution of the family, family ties, the marriage custom, the social status of women, the common experience of being abroad, but also other issues, such as belief in the change of fortune, belief in the power of the oath, and the treatment of death. Finally, a brief reference is made to the common theme of the above songs with similar folk songs from other Balkan countries, which demonstrates the common beliefs and perceptions of the people of the region.

Background/Objectives: Acute low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent cause of disabilityworldwide. If often involves both inflammation and reflex muscle spasm, suggestingcombined therapy with a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and a musclerelaxant may provide superior relief. This study aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of a single intramuscular (IM) injection of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) product containing Diclofenac and Thiocolchicoside versus Diclofenac monotherapy in adults with acute LBP. Methods: We conducted a phase III multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial in 140 patients with acute LBP of moderate to severe intensity. Patients were allocated 1:1 to receive either the combination of Diclofenac sodium 75 mg + Thiocolchicoside 4 mg (FDC product, Test Group) or Diclofenac sodium 75 mg alone (Diclofenac monotherapy, Reference Group) via a single IM injection. The primaryoutcome was the change in patient-reported pain intensity using the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) from baseline to 3 h post-dose. Key secondary outcomes included pain change at1 h in the VAS, improvement in lumbar mobility (finger-to-floor distance test, FTF), theproportion of patients achieving >30% pain reduction, and the incidence of adverse events(AEs). Randomization was centralized and both investigators and patients were blindedto the treatment. Results: All 140 randomized patients completed the trial. At 3 h postinjection,the combination therapy produced a significantly greater mean pain reductionthan monotherapy (41.52 mm vs. 28.13 mm on the 100 mm VAS; p < 0.0001). Superiority of the combination was already evident at 1 h post-dose (VAS reduction 27.61 mm vs. 20.40 mm; p = 0.0089). Lumbar flexion improved more with the combination at 3 h (mean FTF distance improvement 14.52 cm vs. 7.94 cm; p < 0.0001) and at 1 h (9.21 cm vs. 4.62 cm;

The paper discusses the Hellenistic necropoleis of Alexandria in Egypt: the tombs, the finds, the paintings, Greco-Egyptian ideas on death and dying. We will be exploring Macedonian responses to death and dying, as well as the ways Macedonian mortuary habits were transmitted, transposed, developed and “edited”, once the Macedonians found themselves on top of the world, and in lands so different from their own. From Macedon to Asia and Egypt, and from Aigai and Mieza to Shatby, Macedonians had to renegotiate their fundamental beliefs on death and the afterlife, committing themselves to the amalgam we now understand as “Ptolemaic Alexandria”.

In the early months of 2025, a significant seismic activity was recorded in the area between Santorini and Amorgos, raising concerns about the potential occurrence of a major earthquake and a possible tsunami. The objective of this study is to assess the earthquake-triggered tsunami hazard in the Santorini-Amorgos Tectonic Zone (SATZ) by simulating tsunami processes using the MOST (Method of Splitting Tsunami) numerical model, implemented through the ComMIT (Community Model Interface for Tsunamis). High-resolution bathymetry and topography were employed to model tsunami generation, propagation, and onshore inundation. A total of 60 simulations were conducted using a deterministic approach based on worst-case scenarios. The analysis considered six major active faults with two kinematic types, pure normal and oblique-slip, and assessed tsunami impact on five selected coastal study areas. The simulations results showed potential maximum run-up values of 4.1 m in Gialos (Ios), 2.7 m in Kamari (Santorini), 2.4 m in Perissa (Santorini), 1.5 m in Katapola (Amorgos), and 2.3 m in Chora (Astypalaea), in some cases affecting residential zones. Inundation flows also impacted the main ports of Gialos, Katapola, and Chora, highlighting the exposure of critical infrastructure. Although earthquake-triggered tsunamis represent a potential hazard in the SATZ, the results indicated that it is unlikely to cause a widespread disaster in the study areas.

Occasioned by Hans Klein’s commentary, this study examines the history of interpretation of Rom 7:25b by comparing Protestant and Orthodox exegetical traditions. Klein, following Augustine and Luther, sees the verse as describing the believer’s ongoing internal struggle (simul iustus et peccator). In contrast, Greek patristic exegetes assign the “divided self” to the unredeemed human, while highlighting the baptized believer’s ability to overcome sin. The article suggests that although both traditions partly diverge from Paul’s theological view, they can complement one another when not taken in an absolute sense. The study concludes with a pastoral caveat regarding the mindset of believers: while the Protestant perspective may lead to resignation and despair over sin, the Orthodox emphasis on spiritual perfection may foster neurotic dissonance and self-estrangement. A hermeneutical approach is proposed to help navigate everyday spiritual struggle, growth, and the path to sanctification.

Je fais partie de ceux qui aiment la vie. J’ai eu le bonheur d’avoir de bons parents, de fonder une famille heureuse... Toute ma vie, j’ai travaillé à des tâches passionnantes : j’ai aimé mes études, j’ai fait avec joie de l’enseignement et de la recherche... Je ne cesse de m’intéresser à la vie du monde, à la promotion de la femme, au maintien de la paix. Je fais confiance aux possibilités de l’homme et je crois au progrès. Je ne demande qu’à travailler, c’est-à-dire à vivre jusqu’à l’extinction de mes forces. Ces mots d’Eugénie Cotton disent tout : la passion de vivre, l’élan d’agir, la volonté de transmettre. Son itinéraire de vie singulier embrasse deux siècles et trois Républiques, traverse deux grandes guerres, connaît l’âge d’or puis l’effondrement d’un Empire colonial. Femme de science, elle s’imposa au début du XXe siècle dans un monde d’hommes. Femme de tête sous le Front populaire, elle réforma l’École normale supérieure de jeunes filles. Militante infatigable, elle devint, en pleine guerre froide, l’une des dirigeantes internationales du mouvement féminin et pacifiste, inscrivant ainsi son engagement dans un espace de luttes sociales, politiques et féministes. Autant d’histoires d’une vie et d’un siècle racontées à la manière d’une passionnante enquête.

This book offers the first comprehensive history and analysis of Turkey’s relations with Israel since 1948, when the state of Israel was established, up until 2010 and places them within the wider framework of Turkey’s foreign policy. It highlights the remarkable lack of consistency in Turkey’s foreign policy towards Israel, under different Turkish governments, which has given the relationship a pervasive sense of unpredictability.  Combining empirical-analytical evidence with role theory insights, as developed in Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA), it explores Turkish foreign policy makers’ perceptions regarding the proper role and function of the country in the international system and the sub-system of the Middle East and how they affected the policy towards Israel. The author argues that Ankara’s ambivalent policy towards Israel for over sixty years can be explained by Turkey's multiple and often contradictory national role conceptions. The study, which draws from archival material and over fifty interviews with Turkish, Israeli, American and Arab officials and experts, places Ankara’s policy into a larger analytical framework, which helps link the past to the present and future.

Η ιδέα για μία νέα καταγραφή δημοτικών τραγουδιών του Δυτικού Παγγαίου ήταν ένα από τα πολλά ευχάριστα παράπλευρα οφέλη του 2ου Συνεδρίου Τοπικής Ιστορίας που διοργανώθηκε στην Ελευθερούπολη από τον Δήμο Παγγαίου και την Ιερά Μητρόπολη Ελευθερουπόλεως τον Οκτώβριο του 2018. Αποτέλεσε τον κοινό τόπο στον οποίο συναντήθηκαν ο Ιωάννης Κιορίδης, συμμετέχων στο εν λόγω συνέδριο, με τους υπευθύνους του Λαογραφικού Μουσείου Πρώτης “Χαγιάτι Λαδιά”, Βασιλική Λαδιά και Χρήστο Τσιφούτη. Βασική ιδέα του παρόντος εγχειρήματος είναι η συγκέντρωση των δημοτικών τραγουδιών που η Βασιλική Λαδιά και ο Χρήστος Τσιφούτης κατέγραψαν και ενίοτε ηχογράφησαν σε βάθος αρκετών ετών και μέχρι πρόσφατα (τέλη 2023). Τα τραγούδια αυτά τραγουδήθηκαν κυρίως στην Πρώτη και σε ορισμένα άλλα μικρότερα χωριά του Δυτικού Παγγαίου. Άλλα απαντούν μόνο σε αυτές τις περιοχές και άλλα σε πλήθος παραλλαγών ανά την Ελλάδα. Στην παρούσα συλλογή περιλαμβάνονται 142 από αυτά τα τραγούδια.

This is the first translation into Greek with an introduction, commentary, and appendix of the Song of Roncesvalles, a 13th-century text concerning the actions of Charlemagne and Roland in Iberia

In early 2024, the largest full-scale exercise (FSE) for earthquakes and related geohazards in Greece was implemented in Crete Island (southern Greece). Crete is characterized by intense seismicity with historical and recent destructive earthquakes with considerable impact on both the natural and built environment and subsequently on the population. The uniqueness of this FSE lies in the creation and coordination of a multi-agency, multijurisdictional, and multidisciplinary environment in which a multitude of central, regional, and local stakeholders and a large percentage of the total population of Crete actively participated. This paper constitutes a descriptive study focusing on the main steps of the exercise management cycle comprising planning, implementation, and evaluation of the FSE. Furthermore, emphasis is given on its purpose and objectives, its main events and subsequent incidents, the participants and their roles, as well as the material developed and distributed to the participants. Through this study, the implemented actions for increasing preparedness of the Civil Protection mechanism in case of earthquakes and related geohazards are highlighted aiming to inform the scientific community and operational staff and to contribute to the seismic risk reduction of regions worldwide with similar seismotectonic and demographic characteristics with Crete. Furthermore, suggestions are made for the integration of multi-hazard episodes in the FSE scenario in order that the Civil Protection authorities will be prepared to handle the synergy of hazards of different types that may arise during a post-earthquake period that create compounding challenges during the emergency response and further increase recovery time.

The impact of metal contacts on the electrical properties of SiN dielectric film in MEMS capacitors is investigated. The investigation is performed employing MIM and MEMS capacitors with Au and Ni contacts. A resistive switching like behaviour is monitored in the case of Ni contacts. This behaviour is attributed to the presence of deep traps in SiN and the effect of different metal contacts as revealed from Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current (TSDC) assessment. Specifically, TSDC showed that the resistive switching is a contact/interface dominated effect.

Loneliness represents a negative feeling that arises when individuals perceive a discrepancybetween actual and desired social relationships. The present study explored the meanings andpersonal experiences of loneliness in children and early adolescents in Italy. Participants included139 children and early adolescents aged 8–14 years (M = 10.76 years, SD = 1.71; 80 girls, 57.6%)who completed a semi-structured interview online. Different dimensions emerged from the codingprocess, providing evidence of the multidimensional nature of loneliness, defined and experiencedthrough different dimensions (e.g., cognitive, emotional, and regarding interpersonal context).Results from descriptive analyses (i.e., frequencies and percentages) showed that most of theparticipants defined loneliness in terms of physical separation from others. Also, participantsdiscussed loneliness in relation to both their family and peers. Some children and adolescentsexpressed experiencing loneliness voluntarily. Children and early adolescents reported to feelsadness, anger and other emotions as boredom, happiness, and fear in associations with loneliness.Finally, we examined gender and grade differences between the dimensions with a series of chisquaretests and ANOVAs. Results revealed that primary school children and boys defined andexperienced loneliness using the physical separation dimension. Middle school children definedloneliness using the cognitive dimension more frequently. Overall, the present study offers a richerunderstanding of the meanings and experiences of loneliness in youth and highlights the importanceof considering developmental, gender, and cultural factors when studying loneliness.

The orchestration of dynamic epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications is pivotal for the fine-tuning of gene expression. However, these modifications are traditionally examined independently. Recent compelling studies have disclosed an interesting communication and interplay between m6A RNA methylation (m6A epitranscriptome) and epigenetic modifications, enabling the formation of feedback circuits and cooperative networks. Intriguingly, the interaction between m6A and DNA methylation machinery, coupled with the crosstalk between m6A RNA and histone modifications shape the transcriptional profile and translational efficiency. Moreover, m6A modifications interact also with non-coding RNAs, modulating their stability, abundance, and regulatory functions. In the light of these findings, m6A imprinting acts as a versatile checkpoint, linking epigenetic and epitranscriptomic layers toward a multilayer and time-dependent control of gene expression and cellular homeostasis. The scope of the present review is to decipher the m6A-coordinated circuits with DNA imprinting, chromatin architecture, and non-coding RNAs networks in normal physiology and carcinogenesis. Ultimately, we summarize the development of innovative CRISPR-dCas engineering platforms fused with m6A catalytic components (m6A writers or erasers) to achieve transcript-specific editing of m6A epitranscriptomes that can create new insights in modern RNA therapeutics.

Brain organoids are in vitro 3D cultures generated in the lab from human induced pluripotent stem cells or embryonic stem cells and can mimic the human brain structure and function. Specifically, they reproduce to some extent in vivo developmental events as they consist of diverse cell types, such as apical radial glial cells, intermediate progenitors, basal radial glial cells, and neurons forming stratified cortical layers similar to what is observed in the human brain in vivo. Due to cytoarchitecture similarities between the human brain and brain organoids, the latter have been proposed as excellent models for studying human brain development and disease. Thus, genome manipulation in brain organoids is crucial for investigating the functions of specific genes and mutations that have been associated with brain-related disorders. For this reason, gene manipulation has been implemented in brain organoids in the last few years. Here, we describe a step-by-step protocol for gene expression manipulation and analyses in brain organoids via acute electroporation that we have optimized based on the in vivo electroporation that has been widely used in animal models. This easy-to-apply protocol is fast and robust and facilitates the precise spatiotemporal manipulation of the expression of any gene of interest.

Tinos Island, part of the Cyclades Complex in the central Aegean Sea, represents a distinctive case of geocultural heritage where geological formations and cultural identity intersect. This study evaluates the geoeducational and geotouristic potential of Tinos’ geosites using GEOAM methodology, which assesses their scientific, educational, and conservation value. Six geosites are examined to explore their geoeducational potential, including prominent locations such as the Tafoni formations and the Exombourgo granite massif. The findings highlight the significance of these sites, while also identifying challenges related to infrastructure, stakeholder engagement, and sustainable management. By integrating geoethics into geotourism practices, Tinos can adopt a balanced approach that enhances environmental conservation alongside community-driven economic benefits. The study underscores the need for collaborative initiatives to optimize the island’s geoheritage for education and tourism, ensuring its long-term preservation. Geotourism, when responsibly implemented, has the potential to strengthen local identity while advancing sustainable tourism development.

The study presents a geomorphological overview of Greece at a 1:1,000,000 scale, marking the first national cartographic synthesis effort to interpret geological and geomorphological factors shaping the country's landscape. The geomorphological map was developed through a literature review of prior studies at varying scales and semi-automated GIS techniques. High-resolution topographic data and 1:50,000 geological maps were integrated into a spatial geodatabase. Secondary layers, including a hillshade map, slope-aspect map, and red relief image map, were created and combined with Google Earth imagery to delineate landforms. These were categorized by primary formative processes into structural, fluvial, gravity-induced, coastal, karst, volcanic, glacial and periglacial. Additional maps and tables were produced, detailing topographic parameters, geotectonic setting, and climatic regime. The results highlight Greece's diverse geomorphological environments, shaped by active tectonics and surface processes. The map represents recent geomorphological advancements and serves as a management tool for stakeholders and a reference for interdisciplinary research.

The present study investigates the formation and development of a coastal barrier associated with the recent evolution of the beach/dune system of the Kyparissiakos Gulf (SE Ionian Sea, central Mediterranean Sea) during the late phase of the Holocene (Flandrian) transgression. The study is based on the application of combined geophysical (ERT: Electrical Resistivity Tomography; GPR: Ground Penetrating Radar) and geotechnical (CPT: Cone Penetration Test; boreholes) techniques, supported by sedimentological (granulometric, mineralogical, palaeontological) analyses. According to the interpretation of the collected and processed data, the formation of the coastal barrier started during the transition between the fast and slow phase of the sea level rise (i.e. 6-7 ka BP), which coincides with an increased fluvial sediment inflow induced by the prevailing wetter climatic conditions (8000 - 3700 BP). The development of the coastal barrier most likely involves a progradational beach, associated with the formation of dunes that follow aggradational phases of coastal barrier and beach evolution. Based on 14C dating, the formation of the two younger dune ridges took place no earlier than 350 and 950 cal yr BP, respectively.

Der aktuellste Text des griechischen Neuen Testaments mit einem leicht zugänglichen textkritischen Apparat. Nach über zehn Jahren intensiver Vorbereitung erscheint jetzt eine Neuauflage des UBS Greek New Testament (6. Auflage).  Sie bietet den aktuellsten griechischen Text mit den Textänderungen der Bände der Editio Critica Maior zur Apostelgeschichte (2017), dem Markusevangelium (2021) und der Offenbarung (2025). So unterscheidet sich der Text an weit über 100 Stellen vom Text der 5. Auflage.  Der Text ist identisch mit dem der 29. Auflage des Novum Testamentum Graece ("Nestle-Aland"), die für 2026 in Vorbereitung ist.  Der Apparat umfasst klar strukturierte Einträge zu allen wichtigen Varianten des Textes. Bei der Auswahl der Stellen war die Frage nach der Relevanz für Übersetzung und Auslegung des Textes leitend. Auch die Bedeutung des sog. Textus Receptus wurde gegenüber früheren Auflagen verstärkt berücksichtigt. Die Auswahl der Handschriften wurde gegenüber der 5. Auflage zum einen auf die wichtigsten Zeugen fokussiert, zum andern durch neue Handschriften (Papyri 128 bis 141) ergänzt. Eine gut lesbare Einführung (auf Englisch) führt zu der Ausgabe hin.  Insgesamt ist dieses Werk dadurch besser als je geeignet für den Einstieg in die exegetische und textkritische Arbeit am Neuen Testament in seiner Originalsprache.  Es wird von einem internationalen und interkonfessionellen Gremium herausgegeben, das auch für NA29 verantwortlich ist und eng mit dem Institut für Neutestamentliche Textforschung zusammenarbeitet: Hugh Houghton, Christos Karakolis, David Parker, Stephen Pisano, Holger Strutwolf, David Trobisch und Klaus Wachtel. 

Flash floods have been responsible for some of the most catastrophic events globally. The extensive range of effects and the varying severity of impacts present significant challenges in accurately understanding the damage caused by a flood event, thereby hindering our capacity to predict future consequences. When evaluating flood impacts and their severity, most existing approaches rely on qualitative descriptions (e.g., major, catastrophic, etc.) or examine the impacts from a single perspective or discipline, such as economic losses. In this study, the Flash Flood Impact Severity Scale (FFISS) is employed to evaluate, map, and categorize the impacts of two flash floods that occurred in the Lilas River in Greece in 2009 and 2020. The goal of this application is to analyze the varying severity levels and how one flood event can influence the impacts of a subsequent event. The methodology involved extensive fieldwork, including the collection of ground-based and aerial observations using UAV technology to document the impacts. These observations were subsequently georeferenced, followed by applying the Flash Flood Impact Severity Scale (FFISS) and creating detailed maps to assess and evaluate the severity of impacts associated with the two flood events. The results indicate that, despite the higher water levels during the second flood, areas previously affected show lower severity values. This reduction is attributed to the community’s gradual adaptation, improvements in infrastructure, and significant local widening of the river channel. Conversely, newly flooded areas during the second event exhibit high severity levels. Overall, applying the FFISS reveals spatial patterns of impact severity, offering insights into the local nature of floods while suggesting a potential reduction in overall risk during the post-flood period.

This special issue of the journal Neusis focuses on the role of prediction in scientific practice and examines the following questions: How has the role and status of prediction changed historically? How is the gap between theory and prediction of specific phenomena bridged? What is considered a valid and successful prediction in different areas of the natural sciences?

Cellular senescence, a state of permanent cell cycle arrest, recapitulates the aging process at the cellular level. It can be triggered by intrinsic or extrinsic factors including telomere shortening (replicative senescence) and in response to various types of stresses such as oncogenic stress (oncogene-induced senescence, OIS). Senescence has been detected in vitro and in premalignant lesions in mice and humans expressing mutant oncogenes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, and have been involved in both replicative senescence and OIS. Several methods have been used to identify miRNAs and compare their expression in normal versus oncogene-induced senescent cells, as well as to analyze their role and their targets in senescence. Here, we describe several methods that can be employed to identify miRNAs in cells undergoing OIS, including miRNA-sequencing, RT-qPCR-based detection and quantification of miRNAs and Nanostring miRNA analysis (nCounter miRNA Expression Assay). Moreover, we perform a meta-analysis of studies employing the above methodologies, pinpoint miRNAs with consistent expression changes across senescence models, and predict their target genes and the pathways in which they partake.

(1) Background: The present study examines the effects of fire on the ecosystem services of forest ecosystems in Greece. Being a Mediterranean country, Greece has been affected by fires of increasing intensity and frequency in recent years; (2) Methods: Information was extracted from 56 articles published in the period January 1997–March 2024 that were selected after an extensive literature review; (3) Results: An increasing trend in the number of published articles over time was observed. Studies on regulating and maintenance services prevailed. The majority of studies reported on thermo-Mediterranean ecosystems, with Pinus halepensis Mill forests being the most common ecosystems affected by fires. The effects of fire were primarily negative on provisioning and cultural services, as well as on the control of erosion rates, regulation of the hydrologic cycle, atmospheric composition, and climate regulation. Most effects on plant diversity were found to be positive, while positive and neutral effects were also recorded for pollination. The most pronounced negative or positive effects were noted for the first two years after the fire. The spatial mapping of the results showed that the areas most affected by the fires in Greece are Eastern Attica, Euboea, Western Attica, and most regional units of the Peloponnese; (4) Conclusions: In the era of climate change and changing fire regimes in the Mediterranean, there is a need to further research the impact of fire on ecosystem services, as this will help in the better protection and management of the most vulnerable forest ecosystems.

The accurate representation of mixed-phase monsoon clouds and their phase distribution is of great importance for numerical models used to predict monsoon rainfall. Therefore, it is essential for these models to correctly capture the phase fraction of clouds, which includes the proportions of liquid and ice. Ice particle formation in clouds occurs through primary ice production and secondary ice production (SIP). Most weather and climate models tend to overlook secondary SIP mechanisms, often only including rime-splintering. This oversight can introduce biases in the phase partitioning of mixed-phase clouds and monsoon rainfall predictions. In this study, we investigate the roles of three major SIP mechanisms: Hallett-Mossop (HM), droplet shattering (DS), and ice-ice collision (IIC) in mixed-phase monsoon clouds. This investigation is the first of its kind and was conducted using high-resolution simulations of mixed-phase convective clouds observed during the fourth phase of the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX) over a rain shadow region of India. The default cloud microphysical scheme, which originally included only the HM process, was modified to incorporate additional SIP mechanisms such as DS and IIC. The simulated cloud parameters, including liquid and ice water content and ice number concentration, showed good agreement with airborne measurements. Our findings indicate that IIC is the predominant SIP mechanism, contributing 90 % to the total ice production through SIP. The inclusion of the three SIP mechanisms resulted in an enhancement of ice concentration by three to four orders of magnitude at temperatures warmer than -20 °C. SIP significantly influenced various cloud parameters between 0 to −20 °C, including total ice number concentration, ice crystal mass, rimed mass, liquid water content, and phase fraction. It also influenced the Ice Water Path (IWP), Liquid Water Path (LWP), and cloud top temperature. The rates of several mixed-phase processes were also affected by the SIP mechanisms. Overall, SIP led to a 15 % reduction in accumulated surface precipitation.

The present paper deals with the combined application of near-surface geophysical techniques in a sustainable agriculture project. Their application is focused on the identification of any subsurface water in the context of sustainable water management for the selected living hub, located in the semi-arid area of Agios Georgios-Mandra Attiki. The objective of the multidisciplinary geophysical study was to determine the depth of the bedrock and the thickness of the post-Alpine deposits. In addition, the subsurface karstification and the possible aquifer presence were examined. For that reason, the following techniques were implemented: Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Seismic Refraction Tomography, Ground-Penetrating Radar, and Very-Low Frequency electromagnetic technique. The study was also supported by drone LiDAR usage. The investigation revealed several hydrogeological characteristics of the area. The thickness of the post-Alpine sediments is almost 3 m. However, no shallow aquiferous systems have been developed in this formation, as indicated by their relatively high resistivity values (100–1000 Ohm.m). Furthermore, the alpine bedrock exhibits extensive karstification, facilitated by the development of fracture zones. The absence of an underlying impermeable layer prevented the development of aquiferous zones, at least up to a depth of 100 m.

Flash floods have been the cause of some of the most devastating events worldwide. The wide diversity of the effects, as well as the variety in the severity of the impacts, lead to major obstacles in obtaining a realistic understanding of the damages caused by a flood event, thus hampering at the same time our ability to predict future impacts. In assessing flood impacts and their severity, most existing methods use a qualitative characterization (e.g., major, catastrophic, etc.) or view the impacts from a single viewpoint or discipline (e.g., economic losses). In this study, we apply the Flash Flood Impact Severity Scale (FFISS) to assess, map, and classify the impacts of two flash floods from the Lilas River in Greece in 2009 and 2020. This application aims to discuss the different severity levels in terms of how one flood can affect the impacts of the next event. The methodology encompasses comprehensive field research, including the collection of ground-based and aerial observations utilizing UAV technology to document the impacts. These observations are subsequently georeferenced, followed by application of the Flash Flood Impact Severity Scale (FFISS) and generation of detailed maps to assess and evaluate the severity of the impacts associated with the two flood events. The results show that despite the higher water stage of the second flood, the impacts in previously hit areas indicate lower severity values, attributed to the gradual adaptation of the community and its infrastructure, as well as significant local widening of the river channel. On the contrary, high severity remains an issue in newly flooded areas during the second event. Overall, the application of the FFISS can show the spatial patterns of severity impacts, providing insights into the nature of floods locally but also indicating a potential reduction in the overall risk in the post-flood period.

Understanding the subsurface structural framework of mines is critical for ensuring operational safety. Especially in room and pillar marble quarries, where extraction strategies need continuous optimization and reorientation and since benching creates rooms with considerable heights, ensuring structural stability is crucial for the safety of personnel and equipment. This study presents a novel application of ground-based Li-DAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology for high-resolution structural mapping within an active marble quarry. By deploying terrestrial laser scanning across key excavation galleries, we generated detailed 3D point clouds that reveal hidden discontinuities and fault systems with a non-invasive, rapid, and precise methodology, capable for representing de-tailed three-dimensional models of the quarry interiors. We used a Leica P50 scanner for acquiring point data in this marble quarry, covering an area of 8,800 m2. A volume of 46,900 m3 was mapped in high detail by setting up 9 bases, accompanied with the measurement of 12 ground control points (GCPs), which were utilized for the transform of al-most 960 million points into real coordinates.The resulting point cloud data were processed using ad-vanced geospatial software to generate 3D models and ex-tract structural features such as joints, faults, bedding planes, and correlate them with existing geological models, which were derived from classical surface mapping of outcrops. The analysis revealed several previously undocumented sub-surface structures that have direct implications for resource estimation, selection of support measures and operational planning. The high spatial resolution of LiDAR enabled the identification of subtle features that are typically missed by conventional surveying techniques.This study demonstrates that ground-based LiDAR is a pow-erful tool for subsurface structural mapping in marble quar-rying, offering significant advantages in terms of accuracy, safety, and efficiency.

The utilization of hybrid plasmonic metal/semiconductor materials for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has emerged as a promising approach towards the development of advanced SERS substrates in terms of sensitivity{,} uniformity{,} stability{,} and reusability{,} based on the synergy of the powerful electromagnetic mechanism with the chemical amplification and functionality of semiconductor supports. In this work{,} co-assembled WO3/TiO2 inverse opal films were utilized as photonic crystal scaffolds of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles in order to optimally combine plasmonic{,} charge transfer and slow photon effects for ultrasensitive{,} recyclable SERS sensing. Compositional and photonic band gap engineering of the Ag-decorated WO3/TiO2 photonic crystal substrates provided insight to the interplay of plasmonic enhancement assisted by slow light propagation in the inverse opal structure and charge transfer between the analyte and the heterostructured substrate. Highly sensitive detection of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as a non-resonant analyte was achieved down to 10−13 M for the optimal Ag–WO3/TiO2 substrate with good uniformity and excellent recyclability due to its enhanced photocatalytic self-cleaning capacity. Comparative performance tests along with photoelectrochemical evaluation showed a significant contribution of cascade electron transfer from plasmonic Ag to the staggered WO3/TiO2 heterojunctions and the analyte{,} providing an additional charge transfer pathway to promote the substrate-to-molecule interaction for the design of efficient and versatile metal/metal oxide SERS platforms.

The present paper deals with an inhabited, creeping mountainous landmass with profound surface deformation that affects the local community. The scope of the paper is to gather surficial and subsurface information in order to understand the parameters of this creeping mass, which is usually affected by several parameters, such as its geometry, subsurface water, and shear zone. Therefore, a combined aerial and surface investigation has been conducted. The aerial investigation involves UAV’s LiDAR acquisition for the terrain model and a comparison of historical aerial photographs for land use changes. The multi-technique surface investigation included resistivity (ERT) and seismic (SRT, MASW) measurements and density determination of geological formations. This combination of methods proved to be fruitful since several aspects of the landslide were clarified, such as water flow paths, the internal geological structure of the creeping mass, and its geometrical extent. The depth of the shear zone of the creeping mass is delineated at the first five to ten meters from the surface, especially from the difference in diachronic resistivity change.

An isotype heterojunction n+-ZnO/n-Si photodetector is developed, showing adjustable wavelength-selective operation at self-powered conditions. Without an external bias voltage, the device can operate either as a broadband ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV-vis-NIR) or as a NIR-only photodetector. This is achieved by careful engineering of the relative carrier concentrations of the constituting materials, i.e., ZnO and silicon, which in turn affects the built-in potential barrier of the n+-n junction. In addition to this self-powered behavior, the photodetector can be tuned to either broadband or NIR operation by the application of an external bias voltage, regardless of carrier concentrations. At negative bias, it demonstrates UV-vis-NIR photodetection, while at positive bias, NIR photodetection for any ratio of ZnO/Si carrier concentrations investigated here.

Uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, inability to maintain genome integrity, and, recently, epigenetic reprogramming are all hallmarks of cancer. A number of gene expression and cell signaling networks control these-often-interconnected processes, while the study of their deregulation is in the forefront of cancer research for decades. Here we present data from cells and patients indicating that KMT2C, one of the most frequently mutated proteins in solid malignancies, is involved in all these processes. Its loss, a bad prognosis marker in bladder cancer, is associated with activation of the PI3K/PDK/AKT oncogenic/antiapoptotic axis, and tolerance to DNA damage during cell cycle progression. On the other hand, these cells suffer from mitotic stress that can be therapeutically exploited. Treatment with a PLK1 inhibitor showed high efficacy in vivo, and was associated with mitotic catastrophe and cellular senescence, providing evidence that targeting genes that promote mitotic progression could be a promising therapeutic approach in the subset of tumors with KMT2C loss.

RESUMENCon el objetivo de facilitar la labor de los docentes de ELE, nos proponemos indagarsobre la actividad ortográfica desde una perspectiva cognitiva, con el propósito decomprender los procesos mentales implicados y examinar si el nivel lingüístico enLE influye en dichos procesos. Para ello, se realizó un estudio con 142 aprendicesgriegos de ELE, clasificados en niveles lingüísticos (A, B y C). Estos participantesrealizaron una prueba de disponibilidad léxica, que permite acceder al proceso derecuperación de la forma ortográfica de las palabras más disponibles para ellos.Primero, se identificaron los errores ortográficos en las respuestas, tanto en laacentuación como en las letras. Posteriormente, se analizaron los datos desde unaperspectiva cuantitativa y cualitativa. El análisis cuantitativo indica que, alaumentar el nivel lingüístico, disminuye la cantidad de palabras con erroresortográficos. Sin embargo, los errores dentro de las palabras incorrectas semantienen constantes, lo que indica que las palabras con errores contienen másfallos internos. En relación con los errores de acentuación, estos persisten en todoslos niveles lingüísticos. El análisis cualitativo de los datos revela que muchoserrores de acentuación ocurren en palabras frecuentes y comunes que deberían serfáciles de escribir correctamente. En cuanto a los errores en las letras, estáninfluenciados por las otras LE que los aprendices conocen. Dichos resultadosrevelan que los participantes tienden a recuperar la forma ortográfica de laspalabras directamente a través de la vía léxica en lugar de seguir la vía fonológica.Estos hallazgos permiten proponer el tratamiento didáctico adecuado para lasdificultades ortográficas de los aprendices griegos de ELE.

Landslides represent a persistent hazard in Mediterranean en-vironments, necessitating reliable monitoring techniques for risk assessment. Recent advancements in 3D close-range re-mote sensing, particularly through the integration of Un-manned Aerial Systems (UAS) and Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), have enhanced our ability to capture surface changes. Object-based analysis offers a robust framework for seg-menting and classifying landslide features from high-resolution spatial data, improving the detection and under-standing of landslide processes and rockfall dynamics be-yond traditional pixel-based methods. This work describes the use of repeated UAS and TLS surveys at several active landslide and rockfall sites, referring to the challenges that arose and the solutions that were provided. Point clouds were processed to generate high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), and object-based techniques were applied for sys-tematic segmentation and classification of landslide objects. Data fusion was performed following rigorous co-registration procedures, drawing on ground control points to align da-tasets from different sensors. Spatial and geomorphological attributes were extracted from classified objects for temporal change detection and feature analysis. UAS-derived models demonstrated efficient coverage and high surface detail, while TLS data provided increased point density and vertical accuracy in targeted sectors. Object-based analysis enabled the identification and delineation of distinct landslide fea-tures, such as scarps, displaced blocks, and accumulation zones, with improved accuracy compared to manual delinea-tion. The combined UAS-TLS approach reduced data gaps and enhanced the representativeness of classified objects. The segmentation process, however, was sensitive to vegeta-tion cover and point density variations, requiring parameter optimization for each dataset. Integrating advanced data analysis with fused UAS-TLS datasets improved the identifi-cation and monitoring of morphological changes, facilitating a more process-based understanding of landslide and rockfall dynamics. The object-based framework allowed for con-sistent feature extraction across temporal sequences, support-ing detailed change analysis and the recognition of geomor-phological evolution patterns. Challenges included managing data heterogeneity and ensuring segmentation reliability across varying surface conditions. This study demonstrates that combining object-based analysis with multi-sensor 3D data acquisition enhances landslide and rockfall feature de-tection and temporal analysis, providing a scientific basis for more effective landslide hazard assessment and management in Mediterranean terrains.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether increased body mass index (BMI) and biochemical and lifestyle parameters linked to obesity and smoke exposure disrupt immune responses of children and adolescents following vaccination with the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine. METHODS: A prospective, single-center, cohort study was conducted. Participants were assigned to receive two doses of the mRNA vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibodies (AB) were measured before vaccination (T0) and 14 days after the second dose (T1). BMI and biochemical parameters were evaluated at T0. A questionnaire on lifestyle characteristics was filled in. RESULTS: IgG optical density (OD) ratio at T1 was lower in the overweight-obese group regardless of COVID-19 disease positive history [p = 0.028 for the seronegative group, p = 0.032 for the seropositive group]. Neutralizing AB were lower in overweight-obese participants in the seronegative group at T1 [p = 0.008]. HDL, fasting glucose/insulin ratio (FGIR), C-reactive protein (CRP), HBA1c, uric acid, and smoke exposure were significantly correlated with BMI [p = 0.006, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.006, p = 0.009, p < 0.001, respectively]. The main biochemical parameters that were inversely correlated with IgG and neutralizing AB titers at T1 were uric acid [p = 0.018, p = 0.002], FGIR [p = 0.001, p = 0.008] and HBA1C [p = 0.027, p = 0.038], while smoke exposure negatively affected the humoral immune responses at T0 in the convalescent group [p = 0.004, p = 0.005]. CONCLUSIONS: Current data suggests that uric acid, insulin resistance (IR), and smoke exposure could adversely affect the immune responses in overweight-obese vaccinated children, highlighting the need for actions to enhance the protection of this particular subgroup.

This study explores the lived experiences of Greek emerging adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on perceived psychoemotional and social impacts and future outlooks. Using a qualitative longitudinal approach, we conducted two timeframes: March 2020 and June 2021, with thirty-four participants (M = 21.14 years old) initially responding to online open-ended questions, followed by in-depth interviews with six. Thematic analysis identified two main themes: ‘emotional shifts’ and ‘transitioning to adulthood’. Participants expressed a range of emotions, including sadness and nostalgia, leading to feelings of loneliness from being separated from loved ones. Throughout both timeframes, they reported fear and anxiety about contracting or spreading the virus. However, they also recognised positive changes during the first lockdown, such as personal growth and a deeper appreciation for life, which translated into ‘relational clearings’ during the second lockdown. Additionally, participants acknowledged their increased responsibility to comply with restrictions and formulated practical future plans reflecting a ‘here-and-now’ mindset. Our findings are discussed in relation to existing literature.

BACKGROUND: While long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is linked to prolonged vascular dysfunction in adults, research in children remains poor. In this study, we assessed vascular health in children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 about 6.8 months postinfection, comparing them with healthy controls. METHODS: Two hundred twenty-three children were assessed and divided into group 1, which included children with a positive disease history and group 2, which consisted of healthy controls. Anthropometric measurements, lipid profile, biomarkers (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule) and long COVID symptoms were assessed, along with pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) to evaluate aortic stiffness. RESULTS: Children in group 1 were older (mean age: 10.8 +/- 3.2 years vs. 8.5 +/- 2.8 years, P < 0.001) and had higher body mass index (20.3 +/- 5.6 kg/m 2 vs. 18.4 +/- 3.5 kg/m 2 , P < 0.001). PWV was increased in group 1 (5.02 +/- 0.7 m/s vs. 4.7 +/- 0.6, P < 0.001). However, vascular differences between the groups disappeared after adjusting for age, body mass index, and blood pressure. Soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 levels were elevated in children with a history of moderate/severe COVID-19 infection compared with controls (555.8 +/- 113.2 ng/mL vs. 428 +/- 42.6 ng/mL, P < 0.001). Cholesterol levels, inflammatory markers and cIMT were comparable between groups. Long COVID symptoms were reported mainly by participants of group 1 [34 (23.6%) vs. 3 (3.8%), P < 0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates insights into the long-term effects of COVID-19 infection in children. Evidence of endothelial activation without structural arterial changes was found. Persistent inflammation postinfection was absent, yet approximately one-quarter of the participants experienced long COVID symptoms, indicating potential differences in the pathophysiology of postacute COVID-19 infection in childhood.

Geoethics emphasizes responsible human interaction with the Earth, promoting ethical practices in the geosciences to ensure sustainability for current and future generations. UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps) are designated areas that support sustainable development by integrating geoconservation, geoeducation, and community engagement, thereby raising awareness of geological heritage. This quantitative study employed an online questionnaire (n = 798) to assess geoethical awareness among residents of all nine Hellenic UGGps, with the aim of profiling environmental engagement and perceptions. The results indicate a generally high level of geoethical awareness, with Sitia UGGp exhibiting the highest average mean score (M− = 8.98, SD− = 1.34), reflecting strong community support and effective outreach efforts. In contrast, Lavreotiki UGGp (M− = 8.48, SD− = 1.15) and Psiloritis UGGp (M− = 8.33, SD− = 1.36) scored lower in areas such as community engagement and geotourism, suggesting opportunities for targeted improvement. Regional differences suggest that management, visibility, and local context significantly influence public perceptions. Cluster analysis identified four respondent profiles: (a) highly engaged environmental stewards (28.7%), (b) supportive but selective advocates (40.5%), (c) moderately indifferent participants (26.9%), and (d) disengaged or critical respondents (3.9%). Demographic factors such as age, residence, prior visits to Hellenic UGGps, and education significantly differentiated these groups. Mapping geoethical awareness provides a valuable tool for assessing societal benefits and enhancing the governance of UGGps. Overall, the findings underscore the need to shift from an anthropocentric to a more geocentric worldview that prioritizes the well-being of both humanity and Earth’s systems.

The geotectonic units of the External Hellenides Carbonate Platform are characterized by continuous sedimentation from the Triassic onward. This was terminated by widespread synorogenic flysch sequences of great thicknesses, deposited in foreland basins during the collision stage extending from the Paleogene up to Pliocene in the most external parts. A comprehensive dataset concerning the synorogenic Messinian-Pliocene locations of the Hellenic territory and the available published calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic results, has been constructed, aiming to standardize the available data and provide realistic biochronologic estimations, according to the available and updated astrobiochronological approaches (e.g., Lourens et al., 2004; Raffi et al., 2006; Backman et al., 2012; Agnini et al., 2017). In addition, a series of new locations with their unpublished calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic determinations (e.g., Triantaphyllou, 2017; Triantaphyllou et al., 2025), are incorporated to the dataset, providing a useful framework for geodynamic interpretations and correlations in the eastern Mediterranean and beyond. The geographical distribution of all the existing data is presented in a series of geological maps arranged according to each nannofossil biozone. The presented dataset contributes to a better understanding of the spatiotemporal impact on biostratigraphic assignments of the different geological-geotectonic origin deposits, practically dating the most recent evolution stages of the Hellenic arc, as also of the factors limiting the distribution and controlling the presence of the widely used nannofossil biostratigraphic indices in the eastern Mediterranean realm. Most of the micropaleontological/geological material associated with the constructed nannofossil biostratigraphy dataset, is already incorporated into the Micropaleontology Collection at the Laboratory of Historical Geology and Biogeosciences, NKUA.

OBJECTIVES: Αn HIV-1 outbreak was identified among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Thessaloniki, Greece, during 2019-2021. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of this outbreak by means of molecular epidemiology. METHODS: We analysed 57 sequences from PWID sampled in Thessaloniki during 2019-2023. Phylogenetic trees were inferred using all subtype A sequences from PWID sampled since 1999 in Greece and reference sequences (n=4824). Phylodynamic analysis was performed using the Bayesian birth-death skyline serial model. RESULTS: Most of the 57 study sequences belonged to sub-subtypes A6 (49, 86%) and A1 (4, 7%). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that two (50%) A1 sequences clustered together and 47 (95.9%) A6 sequences fell within three PWID-specific phylogenetic clusters. The 99.6% and 77.9% of pairwise genetic distances within the largest and second largest PWID clusters were lower than 0.015 substitutions/site. Using a more stringent threshold (0.0015 substitutions/site), we identified five networks of sequences from PWID infected within 1 year. The effective reproduction number (R(e)) started to increase at the beginning of 2019 and remained high almost until the end of 2021. The estimated time from HIV-1 infection to diagnosis showed an increasing trend during 2020-2023 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The regional clustering of the PWID sequences and their low genetic divergence confirm its local spreading and the recent nature of the outbreak. Using a stringent genetic distance threshold, we showed that HIV-1 transmission occurred among large groups of PWID. The time of epidemic growth coincided with the time of the initial identification, and HIV-1 transmission continued at high rates until 2021.

The aminolysis reaction between MN’’2 (N’’ = N(SiMe3)2; M = Fe, Co, Ni) and the neutral pro-ligand 6,6'-(1,4-phenylenebis(propane-2,2-diyl))bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenol) (LH2) affords the low coordinate, isomorphous, monomeric bis-aryloxide complexes (2-M) (M =...

ABSTRACT Mediterranean mountainous areas and their valuable natural resources have long been attractive to human societies. The Peloponnese (southern Greece), with its complex topographic and climatic variability, has been the scenery for the development of numerous human communities. The existing paleovegetation records from the region derive mainly from lowland sites, while the vegetation succession of the mountains is not clearly understood. Herein, we focus on the sediment profile of Rakita, a wetland located in an isolated mountain basin in the northwestern Peloponnese. We combine pollen-based vegetation reconstruction with detailed historical and archeological data and analyze them within a broader well-connected region of the Peloponnese, characterized by an extensive coastline and central location in the Mediterranean trade system. In particular, we contextualize the pollen data with the detailed taxation registers, cadastres, and censuses produced by the Ottoman and Venetian authorities, which recorded agricultural production and population. The high-resolution pollen profile covers the last 1100 years, and thus we are able to look at more than a millennium of socioeconomic change that witnessed a variety of political and economic systems that controlled the Rakita upland area. We are able to study how these different systems impacted the area of Rakita, which has sizable environmental potential for human exploitation, yet is not easily accessible, and therefore not the first choice for human actors whose goal was to maximize agricultural production of the region. We discover that a smaller scale non-imperial but deeply market-oriented political system of the late medieval period, such as the Principality of Achaea, was more successful in intensifying land use even in such isolated locations as Rakita than the large imperial systems of the Byzantine or Ottoman empires, even during their most intensive phases of growth.

Unidirectional propagation based on surface magnetoplasmons (SMPs) has recently been realized at the interface of magnetized semiconductors. However, usually SMPs lose their unidirectionality due to nonlocal effects, especially in the lower trivial band gap of such structures. More recently, a truly unidirectional SMP (USMP)hasbeen demonstrated in the upper topological nontrivial band gap, but it supports only a single USMP, limiting its functionality. In this work, we present a fundamental physical model for multiple, robust, truly topological USMP modes at terahertz (THz) frequencies, realized in a semiconductor-dielectric-semiconductor (SDS) slab waveguide under opposing external magnetic fields. We analytically derive the dispersion properties of the SMPs and perform numerical analysis in both local and nonlocal models. Our results show that the SDS waveguide supports two truly (even and odd) USMP modes in the upper topological nontrivial band gap. Exploiting these two modes, we demonstrate unidirectional SMP multimode interference (USMMI), being highly robust and immune to backscattering, overcoming the back-reflection issue in conventional bidirectional waveguides. To demonstrate the usefulness of this approach, we numerically realize a frequency and magneti cally tunable arbitrary-ratio splitter based on this robust USMMI, enabling multimode conversion. We, further, identify a unique index-near-zero (INZ) odd USMP mode in the SDS waveguide, distinct from conventional semiconductor-dielectric-metal waveguides. Leveraging this INZ mode, we achieve phase modulation with a phase shift from −π to π. Our work expands the manipulation of topological waves and enriches the field of truly nonreciprocal topological physics for practical device applications.

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (chALL) remains the most prevalent malignancy in children and adolescents. Improving risk stratification and providing personalized prognosis and treatment remain major clinical challenges. Herein, we analysed the clinical utility of NEAT1 lncRNA for the prognosis and prediction of treatment outcome of childhood B-cell precursor ALL (chB-ALL). NEAT1_1 isoform was quantified in bone marrow samples of chB-ALL patients at diagnosis (n = 160) and at the end of induction (n = 108) of ALL-BFM protocol, and in age-matched healthy children (n = 68). Relapse and death served as clinical end-points for survival analysis. Bootstrap analysis was performed for internal validation and decision curve analysis assessed the clinical net benefit for chB-ALL prognosis. Our analysis showed that chB-ALL patients with NEAT1 overexpression at diagnosis are at significantly higher risk for progression (HR = 2.957, 95% CI: 1.122-7.790, p = 0.011) and worse survival (HR = 5.832, 95% CI: 1.259-27.01, p = 0.012), independently of clinicopathological and treatment data. Moreover, NEAT1-fitted multivariate models resulted in improved risk stratification compared to the conventional disease markers of white blood cells, bone marrow response and minimal residual disease, while decision curve analysis highlighted the superior clinical net benefit for chB-ALL prognosis. In conclusion, NEAT1 overexpression constitutes a powerful, independent predictor of poor treatment outcomes and disease progression of chB-ALL, providing refined stratification of patient's risk.

Given the critical role of zeroing neural networks (ZNN) in various fields and the practical demand for models in effectively resisting real-time noise, this study introduces a novel anti-noise integral zeroing neural network (AN-IZNN) model alongside its enhanced counterpart (EAN-IZNN), for the applications of matrix problem solving. Theoretical analysis demonstrates their ability to achieve convergence even under different noise conditions. Both theoretical analyses and simulation validations highlight the superior performance of the proposed models over existing neural network models. Notably, the root mean square error of the proposed AN-IZNN and EAN-IZNN models is reduced by 92.6249% and 91.4178%, respectively, compared to scenarios without the proposed method, demonstrating the effectiveness of the solution.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The year 2023 marked the 10-year anniversary of the launch of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Monitoring HCV treatment trends by country, region, and globally is important to assess progress toward the World Health Organization's 2030 elimination targets. Additionally, the historical patterns can help predict the treatment uptake for future therapies for other liver diseases. METHODS: The number of people living with HCV (PLHCV) treated between 2014-2023 across 119 countries was estimated using national HCV registries, reported DAA sales data, pharmaceutical companies' reports, and estimates provided by national experts. For the countries with no available data, the average estimate of the corresponding Global Burden of Disease region was used. RESULTS: An estimated 13,816,000 (95% uncertainty intervals: 13,221,000-16,415,000) PLHCV were treated, of whom 12,748,000 (12,226,000-15,231,000) were treated with DAAs, of which 11,081,000 (10,542,000-13,338,000) were sofosbuvir-based DAA regimens. Country-level data accounted for 97% of these estimates. In high-income countries, there was a 41% drop in treatment from its peak, and reimbursement was a large predictor of treatment. In low- and middle-income countries, price played an important role in expanding treatment access through the public and private markets, and treatment continues to increase slowly after a sharp drop at the end of the Egyptian national program. CONCLUSIONS: In the last 10 years, 21% of all HCV infections were treated with DAAs. Regional and temporal variations highlight the importance of active screening strategies. Without program enhancements, the number of treated PLHCV stalled in every country/region, which may not reflect a lower prevalence but may instead reflect the diminishing returns of existing strategies. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS: Long-term hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Since 2014, these infections can be effectively treated with 8-12 weeks of oral therapies. In 2015, the World Health Organization established targets to eliminate HCV by 2030, which included treatment targets for member countries. The current study examines HCV treatment patterns across 119 countries and regions from 2014 to 2023 to assess the impact of national programs. This study can assist physicians and policymakers in understanding treatment patterns within similar regions or income groups and in utilizing historical data to refine their strategies in the future.

Piezoelectric phononic-crystal plates, structured on their surface with metallic strips introducing electric-circuit loads, exhibit a tunable frequency-dispersion behaviour, nondestructively controlled in real time. Under an appropriate choice of boundary conditions through these loads, obeying a space-time propagation rule, it is demonstrated experimentally that these systems support nonreciprocal propagation of Lamb-like guided modes in their interior. The observations combined with numerical calculations confirm a broadband translation of the dispersion curves in the frequency-wavenumber space depending on the modulation speed. A careful analysis reveals a simple vector-rule relationship between the static bands and those induced by the time modulation of the external loads in the dispersion diagram. The device proposed in this study, offering dynamic changes in the electric boundary conditions by making use of switches driven by a microcontroller, thus, becomes an efficient tool not only for the realization of real-time control of elastic waves but also, and more importantly, a versatile platform for a robust generation of nonreciprocity effects in tunable, low-dimensional systems.

Abstract Ocean water clarity, influenced by marine chlorophyll concentration, significantly alters the distribution of shortwave radiation in the water column. This work aims to assess the effects of varying chlorophyll on the upper-ocean physical properties and their subsequent impact on the atmosphere, using a coupled ocean-atmosphere regional model for the Mediterranean and Black Seas. We performed 11-year (2011–2021) twin-simulation experiments based on different chlorophyll concentrations to estimate the penetration of solar radiation in the ocean. The first simulation used a monthly climatology field of chlorophyll concentrations derived from satellite observations, while in the second experiment, the chlorophyll concentration was kept constant at 0.05 \$\mathrm{m}\mathrm{g}\ {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}\$, representing clear water conditions. Results show that radiative heating driven by chlorophyll amplifies the seasonal cycle of temperature in the upper layers, leading to increased surface warming in summer and surface cooling in winter. Also, higher surface chlorophyll contributes to cooling in subsurface layers throughout the year due to its shading effect. The temperature response to chlorophyll variations is controlled by the mixed layer depth and a balance between (a) direct near-surface radiative heating due to the chlorophyll absorption and (b) indirect cooling resulting from vertical turbulent mixing processes with subsurface waters. The atmosphere moderates the seasonal sea surface temperature (SST) response caused by chlorophyll differential heating primarily through changes in latent heat flux. Ultimately, our simulations suggest that increased surface chlorophyll concentrations enhance the Mediterranean overturning circulation, highlighting the necessity of incorporating realistic optical forcing into regional climate modeling studies.

Abstract Ocean water clarity, influenced by marine chlorophyll concentration, significantly alters the distribution of shortwave radiation in the water column. This work aims to assess the effects of varying chlorophyll on the upper-ocean physical properties and their subsequent impact on the atmosphere, using a coupled ocean-atmosphere regional model for the Mediterranean and Black Seas. We performed 11-year (2011–2021) twin-simulation experiments based on different chlorophyll concentrations to estimate the penetration of solar radiation in the ocean. The first simulation used a monthly climatology field of chlorophyll concentrations derived from satellite observations, while in the second experiment, the chlorophyll concentration was kept constant at 0.05 mgm−3 \$\mathrm{m}\mathrm{g}\ {\mathrm{m}}^{-3}\$, representing clear water conditions. Results show that radiative heating driven by chlorophyll amplifies the seasonal cycle of temperature in the upper layers, leading to increased surface warming in summer and surface cooling in winter. Also, higher surface chlorophyll contributes to cooling in subsurface layers throughout the year due to its shading effect. The temperature response to chlorophyll variations is controlled by the mixed layer depth and a balance between (a) direct near-surface radiative heating due to the chlorophyll absorption and (b) indirect cooling resulting from vertical turbulent mixing processes with subsurface waters. The atmosphere moderates the seasonal sea surface temperature (SST) response caused by chlorophyll differential heating primarily through changes in latent heat flux. Ultimately, our simulations suggest that increased surface chlorophyll concentrations enhance the Mediterranean overturning circulation, highlighting the necessity of incorporating realistic optical forcing into regional climate modeling studies.

Metalloporphyrins on interfaces offer a rich playground for functional materials and hence have been subjected to intense scrutiny over the past decades. As the same porphyrin macrocycle on the same surface may exhibit vastly different physicochemical properties depending on the metal center and its substituents, it is vital to have a thorough structural and chemical characterization of such systems. Here, we explore the distinctions arising from coverage and macrocycle substituents on the closely related ruthenium octaethyl porphyrin and ruthenium tetrabenzo porphyrin on Ag(111). Our investigation employs a multitechnique approach in ultrahigh vacuum, combining scanning tunneling microscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopy, normal incidence X-ray standing wave, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, supported by density functional theory. This methodology allows for a thorough examination of the nuanced differences in the self-assembly, substrate modification, molecular conformation and adsorption height.Metalloporphyrins on interfaces offer a rich playground for functional materials and hence have been subjected to intense scrutiny over the past decades. As the same porphyrin macrocycle on the same surface may exhibit vastly different physicochemical properties depending on the metal center and its substituents, it is vital to have a thorough structural and chemical characterization of such systems. Here, we explore the distinctions arising from coverage and macrocycle substituents on the closely related ruthenium octaethyl porphyrin and ruthenium tetrabenzo porphyrin on Ag(111). Our investigation employs a multitechnique approach in ultrahigh vacuum, combining scanning tunneling microscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopy, normal incidence X-ray standing wave, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure, supported by density functional theory. This methodology allows for a thorough examination of the nuanced differences in the self-assembly, substrate modification, molecular conformation and adsorption height.

The main objective of modern organizations is to acquire a long-term competitive advantage, so that they may cope with the requirements of organizations' complex and unstable environment. In this context, several companies try to transform themselves into Learning Organizations. The aim of this paper is to  reveal whether the awarded companies in Greece, in terms of working environment, provide learning opportunities to their employees within their working environment.  The quantitative method was employed, and a reliable questionnaire was filled by 80 employees, who work for an awarded company as one of the best companies in Greece, by a certified international organization called "Great Place to Work", DLOQ-Dimensions of the Organization Learning Questionnaire with 55 items, was selected as a valid and reliable instrument, in order to evaluate the dimensions of organizational learning and organizational performance. The findings of the current research, indicate that the company under study, has the characteristics of a Learning Organization and that the adoption of the seven dimensions of the Learning Organization has a positive impact on organizational performance. According to the study results, the subject company, identifies the importance of developing a learning culture in order to increase its performance and due to this fact, it takes all actions required for the development and training of human resources, so that it may reach its objectives.

COVID-19 pandemic had a profound negative impact on people’s personal and social life. In this chapter, after some conceptual clarifications, we provide insights into the effects of ostracism on people’s well-being as individuals, partners, and group members. Specifically, we explore (a) individual- and personality-based risk factors of ostracism (intrapersonal level); (b) deprivation of social touch, disruption of empathy and social stigmatization in interpersonal relations (interpersonal level); and (c) disruption of social identity, social stigmatization and rise in prejudiced, discriminatory, and xenophobic tendencies within groups (intergroup level). The contribution of this chapter lies in proposing an interplay among intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergroup dimensions of identity, that is, a multi-level conceptualization of ostracism during the covidian era. By integrating theoretical arguments and research findings, we support the view that personal identity commitment and identification with social groups have similar roots, both based on the individual’s need to formulate meaningful connections to the world and, thus, cope with as well as prevent ostracism. The implications of the interplay between personal and social identity for the measurement of ostracism are also discussed. Next, strategies for tackling ostracism during the pandemic or similar widespread crises are proposed. Finally, avenues for future research are suggested.

The Gulf of Corinth (GoC), derived from a geologically young active rift, offers a unique opportunity to study changes in environmental conditions during the Quaternary period in a region where long sequences are few. Due to periods of isolation during Quaternary lowstands, the water conditions were not favorable for the occurrence of conventional palaeoceanographical proxies such as planktonic foraminifera. We present here the first almost continuous record of phytoplankton proxies (dinoflagellate cysts) and freshwater palynomorphs (green algae) for the past 1.1 Myr aiming to provide a comprehensive insight into palaeoceanographic variability between glacial and interglacials cycles. Core M0078A retrieved during the IODP expedition 381 contains a rich and diverse dinoflagellate cyst assemblage, sorted into two major ecogroups, representing alternations between marine and brackish conditions. Our results allow for the first time the reconstruction of the Gulf environmental history of connection and disconnection from marine conditions from late Pleistocene to Holocene (1.1Ma – present). Dinocysts and other palynomorphs (NPPs) suggest that the GoC was repeatedly isolated and reconnected to the Mediterranean Sea during global sea-level lowstands associated with glacial intervals. These combined proxies suggest that marine water flowed into the GoC during the eustatic highstands associated with interglacial intervals. The dinocyst assemblages show a close affinity to modern assemblages from the Black, Caspian, and Marmara Seas.

We present a comprehensive investigation into the synthesis, phase evolution and valence state of vanadium (V) in V1−xFexO2 (x = 0 %, 0.5 %, 0.75 %, 1.0 %) compounds. Polycrystalline samples have been synthesized with solid-state reaction method, followed by thermal annealing. X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) analyzed by Le Bail method revealed the transformation from monoclinic (M1) phase (space group: P21∕c) to triclinic (T) one with increasing Fe concentration. Additionally, a monoclinic (M2) phase (space group: C2∕m) emerged at 1.0 % Fe doping. Temperature-dependent XRPD and diffuse reflectance measurements elucidated the phase transitions during heating cycles, showing the impact of Fe doping on the system’s behavior. The construction of a complete phase diagram for the V1−xFexO2 system (x ≤ 1.0 %) was achieved, addressing ambiguities in the low-Fe concentration region. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) further confirmed the influence of Fe doping on the vanadium valence states, indicating an increase of V5+ sites and therefore a lattice distortion and stabilization of the triclinic phase. The metal-insulator transition temperature (TMIT) appears to be almost constant. Post-annealing led to the reinstatement of the M1 phase in all samples, and a modified phase diagram was constructed. The accompanied decrease of V5+ ions contributed to the destabilization of the T and M2 phases, favoring the thermodynamically stable M1 phase. The findings provide valuable insights into the complex phase behavior of V1−xFexO2 compounds, showcasing a significant interplay between charge redistribution, the vanadium valence state, and the oxygen defects of the system.

BACKGROUND: Accurate population size estimation of people who inject drugs (PWID) is essential for evidence-based drug policy and service planning, yet it remains challenging. An emerging HIV outbreak in Thessaloniki, Greece's second-largest city, highlighted the urgent need for evidence-based population size estimates. METHODS: We applied capture-recapture analysis to five respondent-driven sampling (RDS) rounds conducted during 2019-2021 to estimate PWID population size in Thessaloniki for the 2019-2021 period. These RDS rounds were part of a community-based program aimed at increasing HIV/HCV testing and linkage to care among PWID. We treated each RDS round as a capture source and used log-linear models to estimate PWID population size (past 12 months and past 30 days), accounting for potential dependencies between rounds through interaction terms. We then estimated HIV/HCV disease burden and assessed prevention and harm reduction service coverage against international standards (HIV testing, OAT, NSP). RESULTS: Based on data from 1093 unique participants across five rounds (53.9% currently injecting, 20.3% currently in OAT), capture-recapture analysis estimated 1512 PWID (95% confidence interval (CI): 1345-1741) who had injected drugs in the past 12 months. The estimated prevalence of injecting drug use was 0.22% (95% CI: 0.20-0.25) among adults aged 18-64 years. We estimated 106 people living with HIV (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 83-130) and 945 HCV-antibody-positive individuals (95% UI: 815-1077) among PWID. Needle and syringe program coverage was 36 (95% CI: 31-40) syringes per PWID in 2021. CONCLUSION: Based on this community-based population size estimate, the prevalence of injection was nearly double the official national Greek average. The annual distribution of syringes should increase by 5.6 times to reach the WHO target (≥200 syringes/PWID/year). These findings demonstrate how community-based programs with multiple RDS rounds can also yield population estimates essential for evidence-based drug policy interventions.

New presentations of Specht modules of symmetric groups over fields of characteristic zero have been obtained by Brauner, Friedmann, Hanlon, Stanley and Wachs. These involve generators that are column tabloids and relations that are Garnir relations with maximal number of exchanges between consecutive columns or symmetrization of Garnir relations with minimal number of exchanges between consecutive columns. In this paper, we examine Garnir relations and their symmetrization with any number of exchanges. In both cases, we provide sufficient arithmetic conditions so that the corresponding quotient is a Specht module. In particular, in the first case this yields new presentations of Specht modules if the parts of the conjugate partition that correspond to maximal number of exchanges greater than 1 are distinct. These results generalize the presentations mentioned above and offer an answer to a question of Friedmann, Hanlon and Wachs. Our approach is via representations of the general linear group.

This study reviewed the benefits of outdoor activities and educational programs that take place in nature in terms of the cognitive and mental development of children. Research has highlighted the benefits offered to children by their participation in experiential activities that take place outdoors and are related to natural phenomena. These activities help children realize how important it is to conserve nature and protect sites of world heritage, thus becoming active citizens in the future. In this study, the uniqueness of Syros Island is presented, emphasizing the need for the world-renowned geological heritage of Syros to be preserved and promoted, both for the scientific community and for the public, with the aim of establishing a geopark in Apano Meria, as proposed by local authorities, along with a local museum. In this context, a working methodology was developed involving the design and implementation of a pilot educational program combining field-based activities, guided interpretation, and interactive learning tools. An indicative educational program was piloted with primary and secondary school students, as well as postgraduate students from the University of Athens. Recognizing the important role of geoparks in school education, the program focused on the rare geological phenomena on the northern side of Syros and was adapted to the characteristics of each participant age group.

The Rab3 protein family is composed of a series of small GTP-binding proteins, including Rab3a, Rab3b, Rab3c, and Rab3d, termed Rab3s. They play crucial roles in health, including in brain function, such as through the regulation of synaptic transmission and neuronal activities. In the high-energy-demanding and high-traffic neurons, the Rab3s regulate essential cellular processes, including trafficking of synaptic vesicles and lysosomal positioning, which are pivotal for the maintenance of synaptic integrity and neuronal physiology. Emerging findings suggest that alterations in Rab3s expression are associated with age-related neurodegenerative pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease, among others. Here, we provide an overview of how Rab3s dysregulation disrupts neuronal homeostasis, contributing to impaired autophagy, synaptic dysfunction, and eventually leading to neuronal death. We highlight emerging questions on how Rab3s safeguards the brain and how their dysfunction contributes to the different neurodegenerative diseases. We propose fine-tuning the Rab3s signaling directly or indirectly, such as via targeting their upstream protein AMPK, holding therapeutic potential.

People who inject drugs (PWIDs) remain underserved in HIV care. Evidence on rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) for PWID is limited. We evaluated feasibility, effectiveness, safety, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for rapid initiation of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) supported by a peer navigation in Greece. This is a single-arm, multicenter pilot study including PWIDs (≥18 years) newly diagnosed or relinking after >3 months off ART. Participants started BIC/FTC/TAF on the same day or within 7 days and received peer navigation for 48 weeks. Co-primary endpoints were Week-24 virologic suppression (HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL; FDA Snapshot) and grade 3-4 adverse events (AEs). Secondary endpoints included complete-case suppression at Weeks 24/48, CD4 recovery, retention, and PROs. Outcomes were compared with historical controls from the same centers. Thirty-seven participants were enrolled (83.8% male; median age 33.3 years). Median time to ART was 0 days (vs 78 in controls, p < 0.001). Retention was 67.6% at Week 24 and 54.1% at Week 48. In the primary (FDA Snapshot) analysis, suppression was 62.2% and 54.1% at Weeks 24 and 48; in complete-case analyses, results were 92.0% and 100%, respectively. Mean CD4 count increased by 208 cells/μL (95% CI 141-275) at Week 48. Quality of life improved and symptom burden decreased. No grade 3-4 AEs occurred. Rapid BIC/FTC/TAF with peer navigation eliminated delays to ART and achieved favorable virologic, immunologic, and PROs among those retained, with good tolerability. Despite retention challenges, this model appears feasible for PWID and may help close HIV care gaps toward UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets.

The index-near-zero (INZ) mode exhibits novel spatial phase invariance characteristics. Recent research has focused on exploring INZ-related phenomena using metamaterials, metasurfaces, and photonic crystal (PhC) structures. However, most currently proposed INZ modes lack flexible control and are challenging to implement. Additionally, INZ modes near the Dirac point in PhCs typically operate only at specific frequencies. In this study, Chern PhCs composed of simple magneto-optical materials are utilized to regulate topologically unidirectional INZ electromagnetic modes by adjusting the air thickness and varying the magnitude of an external magnetic field. Due to the unidirectional robustness and near-zero phase shift characteristics of the INZ mode, three application scenarios are proposed: a phase inverter, a perfect 50/50 splitter, and high-performance broadband sensors. This work provides a new platform and approach for optical communication and computing.

We use the Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification system to identify changes in the bioclimatic characteristics of Greece between the present and the recent past, by comparing two reference periods: 1961-1990 and 1991-2020. This classification system, developed by Rivas-Martínez et al. (2011), defines the relationship between climatic variables, expressed through bioclimatic indices, and the corresponding distribution of natural vegetation. It generates distinct climatic units known as isobioclimates, which represent specific combinations of macrobioclimates, thermotypes, and ombrotypes. These isobioclimates link climate to ecosystems and allow the characterization of environmental diversity across spatial and temporal scales. The climate input for the system consists of mean, maximum, and minimum monthly temperatures and accumulated monthly precipitation. For this study, we use the ERA5-Land monthly mean data sets from the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS), averaged over the two study periods. Calculation of bioclimatic indices and mapping of the isobioclimates are performed using ArcGIS. Preliminary results indicate a shift in the isobioclimatic structure of Greece towards warmer thermotypes and drier ombrotypes. These changes are mostly evident in southern and lowland regions and may reflect increasing aridity and temperatures, suggesting an intensification of ecological stress and wildfire risk, with potential consequences for biodiversity. This work will be extended with the use of regional climate model projections to explore possible future bioclimatic changes in Greece, that will help to assess how climate change may affect vegetation types and inform strategies for ecosystem management in the coming decades.

Agia Bay is located on the southeastern coast of Lemnos Island. The coastal area today is characterized by aeolian sandy deposits (dunes). The systematic investigation of a 15.5-m long sediment core from the coastal plain of Agia Bay aimed to shed light to the paleoenvironmental evolution of the area that prehistoric groups occupied. The exhaustive study of the faunal and floral remains of the deposits including benthic foraminifera, ostracods, mollusks, pollen, and dinoflagellate cysts as well as plant remains was further supported by sedimentological, micromorphological, and elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility measurements, ERT, and absolute dating. Four main evolutionary stages have been identified since the Late Glacial. At the base of the sequence, the fluvial activity dominated the sedimentation in the area forming a small shallow wetland, while after 12,500 cal BP, a marine signal was observed at the wetland. At 7500 cal BP, the wetland increased in size and depth, whereas at 6000 up to 4000 cal BP, a connection of the wetland to the sea was established, and an inner lagoon formed. After 4000 cal BP, a nearshore environment developed due to the sea-level rise. Pollen assemblages record the occurrence of a mixed deciduous oak forest in the island interior around 6000 cal BP, while after 5000 cal BP, an expansion of Mediterranean vegetation, shaped by human activity, is inferred.

The persistence of high relapse rates and therapy resistance continues to challenge the effective management of multiple myeloma (MM). The identification of novel MM-specific molecular markers could ameliorate risk-stratification tools and accurately identify high-risk patients towards personalized prognosis and therapy. miRNA-seq analysis of CD138+ plasma cells (n = 24) unveiled miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p (miR-221/222 cluster) as the most downregulated miRNAs in R-ISS III compared to R-ISS I/II patients. Subsequently, miR-221/222 levels were quantified by RT-qPCR in CD138+ plasma cells of our screening cohort (n = 141), assessing patients' mortality and disease progression as clinical endpoints. Internal validation was performed by bootstrap analysis, while clinical benefit was estimated by decision curve analysis. Kryukov et al. (n = 149) and Aass et al. (n = 86) served as institutional-independent validation cohorts. Loss of miR-221/222 cluster was strongly associated with patients' short-term progression and poor overall survival, which was confirmed by Kryukov et al. and Aass et al. validation cohorts. Intriguingly, miR-221/222-fitted multivariate models offered superior risk-stratification within R-ISS staging and risk-based cytogenetics. Moreover, miR-221/222 loss could effectively discriminate optimal 1st-line treatment responders with inferior treatment outcome. Our study identified the loss of miR-221/222 cluster as a powerful independent predictor of patients' post-treatment progression, ameliorating prognosis and supporting precision medicine in MM.

A Bay of Biscay model configuration is used as a test case to assess the data-based consistency of ensemble-based ocean model uncertainties of several types: [A] built-in stochastic parameterizations at regional ocean scales, [B] ocean model response to a global atmospheric model ensemble and [C] both A and B simultaneously. Ensembles of varying length were generated. In addition to a seasonal-range ensemble, three medium-range ensembles were carried out over successive overlapping segments permitting to compare consistency metrics for different lead times. The largest spread was obtained for the C case, although most of the model uncertainties were attributable to the stochastic ocean parameterizations in A. We addressed the question of which ensemble type and lead time was able to provide the most realistic model uncertainties given observations of SST, sea level, and Chlorophyll a, using a theoretical and diagnostic consistency analysis framework expanded from Vervatis et al. (2021a). In our results, consistency was satisfactory for the stochastic ensembles of types A and C, for the “aged” error cases (but only marginally with respect to the “young” error cases), and whenever physical and biogeochemical uncertainty processes were active in the region and could be detected by the observational networks, such as the onset of the spring shoaling of the thermocline and the phytoplankton abundance primary bloom. Sea level empirical consistency was improved when a wide range of low- to high-frequency errors were included in the signal of dynamic atmospheric process in the data and in the model inverse barometer. These findings provide additional insight that can help configure ensemble-based methods in academic studies and in operational ocean forecasting systems.

Also used as ‘Start-up Research Tool and Reading List’ - recommended material and research tool for students, scholars and researchers: contains hundreds of academic / scientific papers, articles and studies globally.   -------------------------------------------------------------------1825 Direct citations since 2003 (updated May 16, 2025) ...... 1825  ετεροαναφορές/παραπομπές/αναφορές—απευθείας στο έργο—σε επιστημονικά περιοδικά, βιβλία, πρακτικά συνεδρίων, διδακτορικές διατριβές, μεταπτυχιακές διατριβές, κεφάλαια βιβλίων,  κ.ά. (από το 2003 έως 15/05/2025).

Here we report definite results on the mathematical metabolization of Maxwell’s equations in one of the building units, most commonly met in practice. We investigate the static/quasi-static case of a linear, homogeneous and isotropic magnetic and dielectric cylinder of intrinsic susceptibility, xint, subjected to an external potential/field, Uext/Fext, of any form on the plane normal to the directional axis, produced by a primary source that resides at the outside space. Specifically, here we address analytically a magnetic and dielectric cylinder of seemingly infinite length along the z axis, subjected to an external potential/field, Uext/Fext, that does not vary along the z axis, as well. An expansion-based mathematical approach is employed, enabling direct access to universal expressions of the response of the magnetic and dielectric cylinder, i.e., the internal potential/field, Uint/Fint, produced by the secondary source of bound charges that is originally induced by the external potential/field, Uext/Fext. Accordingly, ready-to-use expressions of the total potential/field, U=Uext+Uint/F=Fext+Fint, and of the polarization, P, of the magnetic and dielectric cylinder are directly obtained. These universal expressions are applicable to every distinct problem of different Uext/Fext, without the need to tackle it mathematically, every time, from the beginning. Interestingly, the depolarization factor, N, and extrinsic susceptibility, xext, are degenerate, obtaining a constant value irrespectively of the mode of the external potential/field, Uext/Fext. These universal expressions between Uint-Uext, U-Uext, Fint-Fext, F-Fint and P-Fext provide effective means to understand, design and realize cylindrical building units with specific characteristics.

We investigate the effects of non-synchronous trading on volatility spillover for the G-7 equity markets during the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis (ESDC) and the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. For data synchronisation we utilise ΜΑ(1) adjusted return series to estimate the Baba-Engle-Kraft-Kroner (BEKK) and the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) models. We also consider the use of realised kernels as explanatory variables in the variance equation. In this set up, the contagion effects during crises periods are more perceptible, as the spikes are easier to interpret. We also check the robustness of our main results by applying, wavelet coherence analysis to G-7 major equity indices with realised kernels, as well as local Gaussian correlations (LGC). Our findings suggest the empirical significance of the synchronisation effects for the US and the other G-7 equity markets. We also conclude that realised kernels is an effective tool for mitigating non-synchronous effects. These results underline the significance of quantifying the synchronisation effects in equity markets as well as international portfolio diversification strategies.

Air–sea interactions play a pivotal role in shaping cyclone development and evolution. In this context, this study investigates the role of ocean optical properties and solar radiation penetration in modulating subsurface heat content and their subsequent influence on the intensity of Mediterranean cyclones. Using a regional coupled ocean–wave–atmosphere model, we conducted sensitivity experiments for Storm Daniel (2023) comparing two solar radiation penetration schemes in the ocean model component: one with a constant light attenuation depth and another with chlorophyll-dependent attenuation based on satellite estimates. Results show that the chlorophyll-driven radiative heating scheme consistently produces warmer sea surface temperatures (SSTs) prior to cyclone onset, leading to stronger cyclones characterized by deeper minimum mean sea-level pressure, intensified convective activity, and increased rainfall. However, post-storm SST cooling is also amplified due to stronger wind stress and vertical mixing, potentially influencing subsequent local atmospheric conditions. Overall, this work demonstrates that ocean bio-optical processes can meaningfully impact Mediterranean cyclone behavior, highlighting the importance of using appropriate underwater light attenuation schemes and ocean color remote sensing data in coupled models.

Air–sea interactions play a pivotal role in shaping cyclone development and evolution. In this context, this study investigates the role of ocean optical properties and solar radiation penetration in modulating subsurface heat content and their subsequent influence on the intensity of Mediterranean cyclones. Using a regional coupled ocean–wave–atmosphere model, we conducted sensitivity experiments for Storm Daniel (2023) comparing two solar radiation penetration schemes in the ocean model component: one with a constant light attenuation depth and another with chlorophyll-dependent attenuation based on satellite estimates. Results show that the chlorophyll-driven radiative heating scheme consistently produces warmer sea surface temperatures (SSTs) prior to cyclone onset, leading to stronger cyclones characterized by deeper minimum mean sea-level pressure, intensified convective activity, and increased rainfall. However, post-storm SST cooling is also amplified due to stronger wind stress and vertical mixing, potentially influencing subsequent local atmospheric conditions. Overall, this work demonstrates that ocean bio-optical processes can meaningfully impact Mediterranean cyclone behavior, highlighting the importance of using appropriate underwater light attenuation schemes and ocean color remote sensing data in coupled models.

The macrocyclic biquinazoline ligand, H-Mabiq, presents a central and a peripheral site for the coordination of metal ions, making the adsorption on solid surfaces promising for the creation of self-assembled bimetallic two-dimensional platforms. Here, we apply an on-surface metalation strategy under ultra-high vacuum conditions to guide the synthesis of metalated species and study sequential metalation patterns. We find that cobalt (as well as iron) metalation on the Ag(111) surface preferentially occurs at the macrocyclic centre without further metal coordination to the peripheral site. Nevertheless, starting from a densely packed, self-assembled H-Mabiq monolayer, the modification of the central cavity by Co is accompanied by an unusual, metalation-induced phase transformation which gives evidence of modified lateral / interfacial interactions. The selective metalation of one molecular site opens up an on-surface route to create bimetallic networks incorporating select metal ions at different locations.