Publications

The influence of neutrosophy on many fields of science and technology, as well as its numerous applications, are evident. Our motivation is to apply neutrosophy for the first time in order to improve methods for solving unconstrained optimization. Particularly, in this research, we propose and investigate an improvement of line search methods for solving unconstrained nonlinear optimization models. The improvement is based on the application of symmetry involved in neutrosophic logic in determining appropriate step size for the class of descent direction methods. Theoretical analysis is performed to show the convergence of proposed iterations under the same conditions as for the related standard iterations. Mutual comparison and analysis of generated numerical results reveal better behavior of the suggested iterations compared with analogous available iterations considering the Dolan and Moré performance profiles and statistical ranking. Statistical comparison also reveals advantages of the neutrosophic improvements of the considered line search optimization methods.

The main purpose of this section is to explore the design of and design with digital resources (DRs) for mathematics teaching and learning. Design of DRs involves teachers’ engagement in the process where DRs are the product of design. Design with DRs refers to cases where DRs facilitate the design-work offering an environment for teacher collaboration (e.g., communication platform) or an environment for designing tasks and lessons. The chapters of this section address both forms of design.

This paper presents the methodology of an applied geophysical and remote sensing research at river deltas for their subsurface and surface structure and its application in the deltaic plain of Pineios River (Thessaly, Greece). The scope is to primarily calculate the thickness of deltaic post alpine deposits, with the contribution of Transient Electromagnetic Method (TEM), but also identify the surficial characteristics (biotic/ abiotic) of the area with the appropriate combination of spectral bands and spectral indices. Regarding the remote sensing approach, some geomorphological features were outlined. This was managed from six false color composites of the area, produced by combining spectral bands and additional five false color composites by combining several spectral indices. • The results of the TEM method along with their statistical analysis provided important information regarding the spatial distribution and thickness of the lithological units along the deltaic plain • The combination of spectral bands 8, 7, 6 seems to adumbrate the hydrographic network of the area and even detects possible changes in the inflow. • The combination of spectral indices MSAVI2, WV-BI, WV-WI was helpful enough to geomorphological mapping of the deltaic plain.

This paper presents the methodology of an applied geophysical and remote sensing research at river deltas for their subsurface and surface structure and its application in the deltaic plain of Pineios River (Thessaly, Greece). The scope is to primarily calculate the thickness of deltaic post alpine deposits, with the contribution of Transient Electromagnetic Method (TEM), but also identify the surficial characteristics (biotic/ abiotic) of the area with the appropriate combination of spectral bands and spectral indices. Regarding the remote sensing approach, some geomorphological features were outlined. This was managed from six false color composites of the area, produced by combining spectral bands and additional five false color composites by combining several spectral indices. •The results of the TEM method along with their statistical analysis provided important information regarding the spatial distribution and thickness of the lithological units along the deltaic plain.•The combination of spectral bands 8, 7, 6 seems to adumbrate the hydrographic network of the area and even detects possible changes in the inflow.•The combination of spectral indices MSAVI2, WV-BI, WV-WI was helpful enough to geomorphological mapping of the deltaic plain.

Im ersten Viertel des 21. Jahrhunderts ist in der griechischen Literatur und Kunst im Allgemeinen eine starke Hinwendung zum Werk Franz Kafkas festzustellen, die sich auch im griechischen Kino bemerkbar macht. Auf der Grundlage der Theorien von Marcuse, Adorno, Foucault und Deleuze & Guattari setzt sich die vorliegende Studie zum Ziel zu beweisen, dass der Hauptgrund, weshalb Kafka für die zeitgenössische griechische Kunst absolut relevant ist, die Tatsache ist, dass er in erster Linie ein politischer Schriftsteller war, der versuchte, den komplexen Charakter der modernen condition humaine, das Leben unter den absurden Mechanismen einer repressiven Macht, aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln zu beleuchten. Nach einem Überblick über griechische Filme, die von Mitte der 1950er Jahre bis heute von Kafkas Werk beeinflusst zu sein scheinen, wird der Versuch unternommen, den preisgekrönten Film The Lobster (2015) von Giorgos Lanthimos als besonders repräsentativ zu analysieren. Die vergleichende Untersuchung dieses Films mit Kafkas Texten wie Der Prozess, Das Urteil und Die Verwandlung zielt darauf ab, auf „intertextuelle“ Bezüge hinzuweisen sowie Kontinuitäten und Diskontinuitäten, sowohl ästhetisch als auch thematisch, innerhalb eines offenen dynamischen Dialogs aufzuzeigen.

El presente estudio pretende demostrar que la prueba de disponibilidad léxica puede servir como una herramienta útil para indicar la competencia ortográfica y las posibles dificultades que afrontan los aprendices de español como lengua extranjera en su esfuerzo por aprender el aspecto formal de las palabras españolas. En este estudio en concreto sometemos a un grupo de estudiantes griegos de español como lengua extranjera de nivel A2 a la realización de una prueba de disponibilidad léxica. Tras la localización y la clasificación de los errores ortográficos de las respuestas en el centro de interés “Comida y bebida”, los analizamos tanto de manera cuantitativa como cualitativa. Los resultados indican que una prueba de disponibilidad léxica puede ser un indicador de la competencia ortográfica de los alumnos en la lengua extranjera, dado que nos permite conocer la tipología de los errores cometidos y las áreas más problemáticas para los participantes. En este sentido, las pruebas de disponibilidad léxica pueden servir como ayuda para profesores de español, aportándoles la información necesaria para planificar su clase y adaptarla a las necesidades de sus alumnos.

The dynamics of fluid flows give rise to robust, persistent circulation features that underpin the flow and exert strong control over the advection of water masses, either enhancing it or suppressing it, collectively known as lagrangian coherent structures. Lagrangian approaches and metrics have been shown to be better suited than eulerian ones at locating and delineating such structures and capturing the effect they have on the formation and dispersion of water masses, particularly at the smaller scales. In this paper, we use the framework of lagrangian coherent structures to analyse the ocean velocity fields over a climatological year obtained from a high-resolution eddy-resolving model in order to investigate the lagrangian regimes that affect the motion, separation and mixing of water masses in the Mediterranean Sea. The lagrangian regimes that develop in each sub-basin over the course of the year are characterised and regions of persistent lagrangian activity and coherent structure formation and presence are identified. A quantitative picture of the seasonal variability of the lagrangian coherent structure-induced horizontal mixing and vortex formation is obtained.

The dynamics of fluid flows give rise to robust, persistent circulation features that underpin the flow and exert strong control over the advection of water masses, either enhancing it or suppressing it, collectively known as lagrangian coherent structures. Lagrangian approaches and metrics have been shown to be better suited than eulerian ones at locating and delineating such structures and capturing the effect they have on the formation and dispersion of water masses, particularly at the smaller scales. In this paper, we use the framework of lagrangian coherent structures to analyse the ocean velocity fields over a climatological year obtained from a high-resolution eddy-resolving model in order to investigate the lagrangian regimes that affect the motion, separation and mixing of water masses in the Mediterranean Sea. The lagrangian regimes that develop in each sub-basin over the course of the year are characterised and regions of persistent lagrangian activity and coherent structure formation and presence are identified. A quantitative picture of the seasonal variability of the lagrangian coherent structure-induced horizontal mixing and vortex formation is obtained.

This paper proposes the utilization of large language models as recommendation systems for museum visitors. Since the aforementioned models lack the notion of context, they cannot work with temporal information that is often present in recommendations for cultural environments (e.g., special exhibitions or events). In this respect, the current work aims to enhance the capabilities of large language models through a fine-tuning process that incorporates contextual information and user instructions. The resulting models are expected to be capable of providing personalized recommendations that are aligned with user preferences and desires. More specifically, Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4, a knowledge-based large language model is fine-tuned and turned into a context-aware recommendation system, adapting its suggestions based on user input and specific contextual factors such as location, time of visit, and other relevant parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is evaluated through certain user studies, which ensure an improved user experience and engagement within the museum environment.

We present here the first long Quaternary record of organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst assemblages analysed from sediment cores retrieved during the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 381 in the Gulf of Corinth. Site M0078A is located in the central part of the Gulf of Corinth (GoC), a semi-isolated marine basin that was repeatedly isolated and reconnected to the Mediterranean Sea during the Quaternary glacial/interglacial cycles. Our results show that dinoflagellate cysts are sorted in two major ecogroups, each group alternating between marine and isolated/brackish conditions. The marine intervals are characterised by high dinocyst diversity whereas the isolated intervals are dominated by taxa thriving in low-salinity conditions such as Spiniferites cruciformis and Pyxidinopsis psilata. In several of these assemblages, S. cruciformis is so prevalent that it forms almost monospecific assemblages. The low salinity dinocyst assemblages are reported for the first time outside the Ponto-Caspian region and they show a close affinity to modern assemblages from the Black Sea, Caspian Sea and Marmara Sea. The alternations between marine and brackish conditions recorded in the Gulf of Corinth reflect changes in surface water salinity (SSS) and temperature (SST), in response to the Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles. These seem to be in good agreement with regional and global marine isotope and sea-level records. Our findings suggest that the study region sensitively responds to climate forcing at orbital time scales and that local factors most likely drive shifts in dinoflagellate species composition and diversity.

À travers l’étude du système à effet intégrateur de rituels et de cérémonialscélébrant la présidente de l’UFF et de la FDIF Eugénie Cotton, promue en autorité universelle dont les vertus renvoient au modèle marial, le présent travail explore la mise en place dans le monde communiste de la guerre froide du versant féminin du culte du leader. Afin d’en saisir les spécificités par rapport à un phénomène historique dont la riche production historiographique des vingt dernières années consacre naturellement et exclusivement la masculinité, y sont examinés plus particulièrement les circonstances qui lui donnèrent naissance, les temps forts qui scandent son cheminement, les mécanismes de sa diffusion et les glissements genrés opérés dans le processus de son invention." The communist cult of the female leader: Eugénie Cotton (1881-1967), “world mother” "This article considers the rituals and ceremonies celebrating the French pro-communist activist, Eugénie Cotton, president of the Union of French Women (UFW) and of the Women’s International Democratic Federation (WIDF), and the way Cotton was elevated to the rank of universal authority, exemplifying virtues not unrelated to the model of the Virgin Mary. This exploration of the enactment of the female version of the cult of the leader in the communist world during the Cold War contrasts with the masculine focus of the substantial historiographical production of the last twenty years on this topic. The paper examines in particular the circumstances that gave birth to the “Cotton cult”, the key moments in its evolution, the mechanisms of its diffusion and the gender shifts in the process of its invention. Mots-clés : Eugénie Cotton, culte du leader, UFF, FDIF, pacifisme,guerre froideKeywords: Eugénie Cotton, cult of the leader, UFW, WIDF, pacifism,Cold War

BACKGROUND: Left atrium changes are implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF) substrate and are predictive of AF outcomes. Left atrial appendage (LAA) is an integral component of left atrial structure and could be affected by atrial cardiomyopathy. We aimed to elucidate the association between LAA indices and late arrhythmia recurrence after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation (AFCA). METHODS: The MEDLINE database, ClinicalTrials.gov, medRxiv and Cochrane Library were searched for studies evaluating LAA and late arrhythmia recurrence in patients undergoing AFCA. Data were pooled by meta-analysis using a random-effects model. The primary endpoint was pre-ablation difference in LAA anatomic or functional indices. RESULTS: A total of 34 studies were found eligible and five LAA indices were analyzed. LAA ejection fraction and LAA emptying velocity were significantly lower in patients with AF recurrence post-ablation [SMD = - 0.66; 95% CI (- 1.01, - 0.32) and SMD = - 0.56; 95% CI (- 0.73, - 0.40) respectively] as compared to arrhythmia free controls. LAA volume and LAA orifice area were significantly higher in patients with AF recurrence post-ablation (SMD = 0.51; 95% CI 0.35-0.67, and SMD = 0.35; 95% CI 0.20-0.49, respectively) as compared to arrhythmia free controls. LAA morphology was not predictive of AF recurrence post-ablation (chicken wing morphology; OR 1.27; 95% CI 0.79-2.02). Moderate statistical heterogeneity and small case-control studies are the main limitations of our meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that LAA ejection fraction, LAA emptying velocity, LAA orifice area and LAA volume differ between patients suffering from arrhythmia recurrence post-ablation and arrhythmia free counterparts, while LAA morphology is not predictive of AF recurrence.

A proper generalization of the extended boundary condition method to calculate the transition matrix, T, for electromagnetic scattering from a homogeneous and isotropic body of arbitrary shape, characterized by a periodically time-varying electric permittivity, is presented. The application of the method on a specific example of a spheroidal dielectric particle confirms that time modulation induces strong inelastic scattering, accompanied by energy transfer between the scatterer and the light field, when the difference of the incident wave frequency to a particle optical resonance matches an integer multiple of the modulation frequency. Moreover, it is shown that, for nonspherical scatterers, these effects can be selectively tuned by external means such as the polarization and the propagation direction of the incident light beam. The method is readily implementable in available dynamic multiple-scattering computer codes, and, because of its versatility and computational efficiency, it can offer new opportunities for studying more complex time-varying photonic structures.

The stability of astrophysical jets in the linear regime is investigated by presenting a methodology to find the growth rates of the various instabilities. We perturb a cylindrical axisymmetric steady jet, linearize the relativistic ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, and analyze the evolution of the eigenmodes of the perturbation by deriving the differential equations that need to be integrated, subject to the appropriate boundary conditions, in order to find the dispersion relation. We also apply the WKBJ approximation and, additionally, give analytical solutions in some subcases corresponding to unperturbed jets with constant bulk velocity along the symmetry axis.

Aims: We study the stability properties of relativistic magnetized astrophysical jets in the linear regime. We consider cylindrical cold jet configurations with constant Lorentz factor and constant density profiles across the jet. We are interested in probing the properties of the instabilities and identifying the physical quantities that affect the stability profile of the outflows. Methods: We conducted a linear stability analysis on the unperturbed outflow configurations we are interested in. We focus on the unstable branches, which can disrupt the initial outflow. We proceeded with a parametric study regarding the Lorentz factor, the ratio of the rest mass density of the jet to that of the environment, the magnetization, and the ratio of the poloidal component of the magnetic field to its toroidal counterpart measured on the boundary of the jet. We also consider two choices for the pressure of the environment, either thermal or magnetic, and check if this choice affects the results. Additionally, we applied a WKBJ method at the radius of the jet in order to study the local stability properties. Finally, we adapted the jet configuration in Cartesian geometry and compared the planar flow results with the results of the cylindrical counterpart. Results: While investigating the stability properties of the configurations, we observed the existence of a specific solution branch, which showcases the growth timescale of the instability comparable to the light crossing time of the jet radius. Our analysis focuses on this solution. All of the quantities considered for the parametric study affect the behavior of the mode while the magnetized environments seem to hinder its development compared to the hydrodynamic equivalent. Also, our analysis of the eigenfunctions of the system alongside the WKBJ results show that the mode develops in a very narrow layer near the boundary of the jet, establishing the notion of locality for the specific solution. The results indicate that the mode is a relativistic generalization of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. We compare this mode with the corresponding solution in Cartesian geometry and define the prerequisites for the Cartesian Kelvin-Helmholtz to successfully approximate the cylindrical counterpart. Conclusions: We identify the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability for a cold nonrotating relativistic jet carrying a helical magnetic field. Our parametric study reveals the important physical quantities that affect the stability profile of the outflow and their respective value ranges for which the instability is active. The Kelvin-Helmholtz mode and its stability properties are characterized by the locality of the solutions, the value of the angle between the magnetic field and the wavevector, the linear dependence between the mode's growth rate and the wavevector, and finally the stabilization of the mode for flows that are ultrafast magnetosonic. The cylindrical mode can be approximated successfully by the Cartesian Kelvin-Helmholtz instability whenever certain length scales are much larger than the jet radius.

Although the psychoanalytic theories of Heinz Kohut and Otto F. Kernberg have not explicitly focused on loneliness, they have the potential to offer a rich conceptualization of this experience in severe personality pathology. In this study, we attempt to illustrate and discuss the various qualities of loneliness in narcissistic, borderline, and other personality pathology, as implied in these theories. Kohut’s views on selfobjects are presented and the links between selfobjects and loneliness are highlighted. In this theory, loneliness may be regarded as grandiose isolation and object hunger may be viewed as a type of quasi, but not real loneliness. In Kernberg’s theory, emptiness seems to be the essence of loneliness, but it takes on different qualities in several personality disorders. Mature love is proposed as the opposite of loneliness. After identifying some points of convergence between Kohut and Kernberg regarding loneliness, we conclude with the view that real loneliness can be experienced only when genuine intimacy and mature dependence have been established.

We present a detailed compilation and analysis of the X-ray phase space of low- to intermediate-redshift (0 ≤ z ≤ 1) transients that consolidates observed light curves (and theory where necessary) for a large variety of classes of transient/variable phenomena in the 0.3-10 keV energy band. We include gamma-ray burst afterglows, supernovae, supernova shock breakouts and shocks interacting with the environment, tidal disruption events and active galactic nuclei, fast blue optical transients, cataclysmic variables, magnetar flares/outbursts and fast radio bursts, cool stellar flares, X-ray binary outbursts, and ultraluminous X-ray sources. Our overarching goal is to offer a comprehensive resource for the examination of these ephemeral events, extending the X-ray duration-luminosity phase space (DLPS) to show luminosity evolution. We use existing observations (both targeted and serendipitous) to characterize the behavior of various transient/variable populations. Contextualizing transient signals in the larger DLPS serves two primary purposes: to identify areas of interest (i.e., regions in the parameter space where one would expect detections, but in which observations have historically been lacking), and to provide initial qualitative guidance in classifying newly discovered transient signals. We find that while the most luminous (largely extragalactic) and least luminous (largely Galactic) part of the phase space is well populated at t > 0.1 days, intermediate-luminosity phenomena (L X = 1034-1042 erg s-1) represent a gap in the phase space. We thus identify L X = 1034-1042 erg s-1 and t = 10-4 to 0.1 days as a key discovery phase space in transient X-ray astronomy.

Wine quality and typicity are complex concepts that can be hard to define. Wine is a product destined to not only be consumed and appreciated but also marketed, and its distinctiveness, quality and typicity are important characteristics that describe a wine’s sensory profile and, ultimately, add value to the finished product. Even though both quality and typicity are mostly assessed using a sensory evaluation, many studies have examined the feasibility of using chemical analysis methods in order to increase the objectivity of assessments. Today, the use of chemometrics facilitates the handling of big data, and outcomes from various analytical techniques can be integrated to produce more accurate results. This study discusses the existing sensory and analytical approaches, implications and future prospects for an objective measurement of quality and typicity as well as methods for the selection of appropriate data for predictive model development.

This open access book traces the evolution of the European media landscape in the last 30 years, from 1990 to 2020. It is based on the theoretical classical hypotheses of regional media systems provided by Hallin and Mancini and at the same time puts them to test. The book further defines the proportions between geocultural patterns – national, regional, European, and global – to outline evolutionary trends in media landscapes. It analyzes to which degree European media have become more European, in the historical course of administrative unification and breaks the results down into concrete indexes and indicators.  The book discusses the media systems of the member states of the European Union through a regional perspective, identifying similarities, differences, as well as their convergence in the digital age. It sheds light on the evolution of media systems in Europe, introduces existing relevant theoretical perspectives, and offers an overview of the new developments in European media. The book will appeal to students, researchers, and scholars of political science, communication, media, cultural, and policy studies, as well as practitioners and professionals interested in a better understanding of the European media landscape's evolution.

Microbial desulfurization has been extensively studied as a promising alternative to the widely applied chemical desulfurization process. Sulfur removal from petroleum and its products becomes essential, as the environmental regulations become increasingly stringent. Rhodococcus qingshengii IGTS8 has gained ground as a naturally occurring model biocatalyst, due to its superior specific activity for desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT). Recalcitrant organic sulfur compounds—DBT included—are preferentially removed by selective carbon-sulfur bond cleavage to avoid a reduction in the calorific value of the fuel. The process, however, still has not reached economically sustainable levels, as certain limitations have been identified. One of those bottlenecks is the repression of catalytic activity caused by ubiquitous sulfur sources such as inorganic sulfate, methionine, or cysteine. Herein, we report an optimized culture medium for wild-type stain IGTS8 that completely alleviates the sulfate-mediated repression of biodesulfurization activity without modification of the natural biocatalyst. Medium C not only promotes growth in the presence of several sulfur sources, including DBT, but also enhances biodesulfurization of resting cells grown in the presence of up to 5 mM sulfate. Based on the above, the present work can be considered as a step towards the development of a more viable commercial biodesulfurization process.

Research shows that, while exposure to English as a lingua franca (ELF) discourse and to discussion of ELF-related interactional strategies – such as rephrasing, paraphrasing and translanguaging – can help raise English language teachers’ and learners’ ELF awareness, this is often not enough nor is the value of such exposure adequately monitored. In this paper, following the principles of ELF awareness (Sifakis, Nicos. 2019. ELF awareness in English language teaching: Processes and practices. Applied Linguistics 40(2). 288–306), I suggest that raising teachers’ and learners’ awareness of and attitudes towards their own experience as users of English inside and outside of the classroom needs to be prioritised, especially in Expanding Circle teaching and learning contexts. Together with this awareness, teachers and learners need to be made fully conscious of their deeper perceptions about key ELF concerns, such as the role of the native speaker in ELF interactions, the nature of intercultural communication, etc. Such awareness can be raised through metalinguistic and metacognitive activities and questions added to existing activities/materials. To this end, I propose a framework and a series of specific step-by-step scenarios and tools for raising teachers’ and learners’ ELF awareness along these lines and present four examples of integrating such metacognitive and metalinguistic activities with those of a specific textbook.

The discovery of therapeutic miRNAs is one of the most exciting challenges for pharmaceutical companies. Since the first miRNA was discovered in 1993, our knowledge of miRNA biology has grown considerably. Many studies have demonstrated that miRNA expression is dysregulated in many diseases, making them appealing tools for novel therapeutic approaches. This review aims to discuss miRNA biogenesis and function, as well as highlight strategies for delivering miRNA agents, presenting viral, non-viral, and exosomic delivery as therapeutic approaches for different cancer types. We also consider the therapeutic role of microRNA-mediated drug repurposing in cancer therapy.

BACKGROUND: Despite significant advancements in multiple myeloma (MM) therapy, the highly heterogenous treatment response hinders reliable prognosis and tailored therapeutics. Herein, we have studied the clinical utility of miRNAs in ameliorating patients' management. METHODS: miRNA-seq was performed in bone marrow CD138+ plasma cells (PCs) of 24 MM and smoldering MM (sMM) patients to analyze miRNAs profile. CD138+ and circulating miR-25 levels were quantified using in house RT-qPCR assays in our screening MM/sMM cohort (CD138+ plasma cells n = 167; subcohort of MM peripheral plasma samples n = 69). Two external datasets (Kryukov et al. cohort n = 149; MMRF CoMMpass study n = 760) served as institutional-independent validation cohorts. Patients' mortality and disease progression were assessed as clinical endpoints. Internal validation was performed by bootstrap analysis. Clinical benefit was estimated by decision curve analysis. RESULTS: miRNA-seq highlighted miR-25 of CD138+ plasma cells to be upregulated in MM vs. sMM, R-ISS II/III vs. R-ISS I, and in progressed compared to progression-free patients. The analysis of our screening cohort highlighted that CD138+ miR-25 levels were correlated with short-term progression (HR = 2.729; p = 0.009) and poor survival (HR = 4.581; p = 0.004) of the patients; which was confirmed by Kryukov et al. cohort (HR = 1.878; p = 0.005) and MMRF CoMMpass study (HR = 1.414; p = 0.039) validation cohorts. Moreover, multivariate miR-25-fitted models contributed to superior risk-stratification and clinical benefit in MM prognostication. Finally, elevated miR-25 circulating levels were correlated with poor survival of MM patients (HR = 5.435; p = 0.021), serving as a potent non-invasive molecular prognostic tool. CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified miR-25 overexpression as a powerful independent predictor of poor treatment outcome and post-treatment progression, aiding towards modern non-invasive disease prognosis and personalized treatment decisions.

BACKGROUND: Mitral valve surgery in octogenarians is a clinical challenge due to the impact of inherent, age-related comorbidities. Within the context of an aging population, the number of mitral surgery candidates over 80 has been gradually increasing. We sought to evaluate our institutional experience with mitral valve surgery in octogenarians to identify factors that may prove useful during the process of clinical decision-making. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our institutional database for all patients over 80 years of age who underwent mitral valve surgery in our department from October 2002 up to February 2021. The primary endpoints of our study were 30-day all-cause mortality and long-term survival after the first postoperative month. RESULTS: In total, 99 octogenarians underwent mitral valve surgery for various types of mitral pathology. In particular, 70 patients underwent mitral valve replacement with or without concomitant procedures and 29 underwent mitral valve repair with or without concomitant procedures. There was no difference between the two approaches in terms of 30-day mortality and long-term survival. Chronic kidney disease and total operative time were independent predicting factors for 30-day mortality. Etiology of mitral valve pathology and EuroSCORE II was independent predicting factors for long-term survival. CONCLUSIONS: The type of mitral valve surgery did not affect 30-day and long-term mortality rates in our study. Renal impairment and EuroSCORE II were independent predictors of 30-day mortality and long-term prognosis, respectively. Rheumatic valve disease was also associated with a poorer prognosis.

Doped lanthanum manganite compounds exhibit a range of conducting, electronic and magnetic phases, and, in the case of the Ca-doped series, a phase transition from a ferromagnetic metal to an antiferromagnetic insulator occurs. Here, the authors use ultrahigh-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction to track the complex structural behavior of La1-xCaxMnO3 below the charge-ordering temperatures. In the model manganese perovskites La1-xCaxMnO3, several important phenomena have been observed, including ferromagnetic metallic/insulating states, colossal magnetoresistance effects, and charge- and orbital-ordered states. In the past, only compounds with x = 1/2, 2/3 and 3/4 and an insulating ground/antiferromagnetic state have been studied. To fully understand the crystal and electronic structures of these materials, it is important to study compounds with doping levels in the range of 0.5 < x < 2/3. Here we study the crystal structure in a series of compounds with 0.5 < x & LE; 0.6 using ultrahigh-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The experimental results reveal that all compounds undergo a structural transition at T < T-CO(x) & AP; 200 - 220 K with the concomitant emergence of superlattice Bragg peaks, which can be indexed assuming a superstructure with a modulation propagation vector, & tau;. At the base temperature of 5 K, the modulation vector of the superstructure & tau; = [& tau;(a), 0, 0] is parallel to the a-axis, with & tau;(a) varying linearly with x, as & tau;(a) & AP; 1 - x. Our results may aid attempts to understand more deeply phenomena related to spin, charge, and orbital ordering, as well as colossal magnetoresistance and symmetry breaking and emergent order in quantum states.

The main aim of this study is to model the Nature-based solution of Green Roofs (GRs) in order to assess their efficiency as a mitigation strategy for UHI effects and extreme summertime temperatures over Attica in Greece. The area of study is a region that encompasses Athens, the largest Metropolitan area of Greece, and the suburbs. The analysis has been performed with the use of an advanced modeling system that consists of the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) and the advanced multilayer urban canopy scheme building energy parameter and building energy model (BEP/BEM). The two modules are fully coupled, forming WRF urban. For a better description of the urban environment and in order to use the full capabilities of the urban canopy scheme, 11 urban classes corresponding to the WUDAPT Local Climate Zones (LCZ) were used instead of the 3 traditional urban classes that the default version uses. Sensitivity tests for a major heatwave that affected the area of study have been performed in order to evaluate the impact of GRs on the UHI structure. Results indicate that the modification of the roof energy budget decreased the maximum temperature during heatwaves and altered the spatio-temporal pattern of the effect.

In the present paper, a manufacturing cell in the presence of faults, coming from the devices of the process, is considered. The modular modeling of the subsystems of the cell is accomplished using of appropriate finite deterministic automata. The desired functionality of the cell as well as appropriate safety specifications are formulated as eleven desired languages. The desired languages are expressed as regular expressions in analytic forms. The languages are realized in the form of appropriate general type supervisor forms. Using these forms, a modular supervisory design scheme is accomplished providing satisfactory performance in the presence of faults as well guaranteeing the safety requirements. The aim of the present supervisor control scheme is to achieve tolerance of basic characteristics of the process coordination to upper-level faults, despite the presence of low-level faults in the devices of the process. The complexity of the supervisor scheme is computed.

The island of Crete represents a portion of the forearc above the northward-dipping Hellenic subduction zone. Crete’s subaerial exposure offers the opportunity to study deformation processes in the forearc area of the rapidly subducting African plate towards the North underneath Eurasia.The examination of river incision patterns and the distribution of morphological discontinuities based on high-resolution digital topographic datasets yields abundant indicators of recent tectonic activity and deformation. The results from the processing of tectonic geomorphology indices (SL, AF, Ksn etc.) leads to the conclusion that the mid-Miocene E-W trending Messara basin in Central Crete is still evolving in the hanging wall of the Southern Crete extensional detachment fault. Several maps generated in a GIS environment display the spatial distribution of tectonic geomorphology indices, and the combination of them clearly points out the contemporary extensional tectonic regime intercalated with transtensional zones trending N-S, normal to the Messara development, which is in agreement with a general pull-apart basin pattern. The tectonic activity is confirmed by the latest seismic excitation, including the recent shallow (~12km depth) strong seismic events that took place the last two years (Arkalochori on Sept.2021, Mires on May 2023), the epicentres of which are located within the Messara basin area, and south of the south-dipping detachment fault trace. The history of the supra-detachment basin started during Middle Miocene, shortly after the compressional phase of the alpine units’ nappe stacking at the southern part of the Hellenic Arc system. The continuous subsidence of its hanging wall provided accommodation space for an individual Messara basin trending E-W. The rearrangement movements of several fault blocks that bound it are clearly imprinted on the tectonic geomorphology indices’ values, presented in this work.

For a subpopulation of energetic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), a moderate baryonic loading may suffice to power ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Motivated by this, we study the radiative signatures of cosmic-ray protons in the prompt phase of energetic GRBs. Our framework is the internal shock model with multicollision descriptions of the relativistic ejecta (with different emission regions along the jet), plus time-dependent calculations of photon and neutrino spectra. Our GRB prototypes are motivated by Fermi-Large Area Telescope-detected GRBs (including GRB 221009A) for which further, owing to the large energy flux, neutrino nonobservation of single events may pose a strong limit on the baryonic loading. We study the feedback of protons on electromagnetic spectra in synchrotron- and inverse Compton-dominated scenarios to identify the multiwavelength signatures, to constrain the maximally allowed baryonic loading, and to point out the differences between hadronic and inverse Compton signatures. We find that hadronic signatures appear as correlated flux increases in the optical-UV to soft X-ray and GeV-TeV gamma-ray ranges in the synchrotron scenarios, whereas they are difficult to identify in inverse Compton-dominated scenarios. We demonstrate that baryonic loadings around 10, which satisfy the UHECR energetic requirements, do not distort the predicted photon spectra in the Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor range and are consistent with constraints from neutrino data if the collision radii are large enough (i.e., the time variability is not too short). It therefore seems plausible that under the condition of large dissipation radii a population of energetic GRBs can be the origin of the UHECRs.

We present a multi-messenger model for the prompt emission from GRB 221009A within the internal shock scenario. We consider the time-dependent evolution of the outflow with its impact on the observed light curve from multiple collisions, as well as the self-consistent generation of the electromagnetic spectrum in synchrotron and inverse Compton-dominated scenarios. Our lepto-hadronic model includes UHE protons potentially accelerated in the outflow, and their feedback on spectral energy distribution and on the neutrino emission. We find that we can roughly reproduce the observed light curves with an engine with varying ejection velocity of ultrarelativistic material, which has an intermediate quiescent period of about 200 s and a variability timescale of ~1 s. We consider baryonic loadings of 3 and 30 that are compatible with the hypothesis that the highest-energetic LHAASO photons might come from UHECR interactions with the extragalactic background light, and the paradigm that energetic GRBs may power the UHECR flux. For these values and the high dissipation radii considered, we find consistency with the nonobservation of neutrinos and no significant signatures on the electromagnetic spectrum. Inverse Compton-dominated scenarios from the prompt emission are demonstrated to lead to about an order of magnitude higher fluxes in the HE range; this enhancement is testable via its spectral impact in the Fermi-GBM and LAT ranges.

The blazar PKS 0735+178 is possibly associated with multiple neutrino events observed by the IceCube, Baikal, Baksan, and KM3NeT neutrino telescopes while it was flaring in the γ-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, and optical bands. We present a detailed study of this peculiar blazar to investigate the temporal and spectral changes in the multiwavelength emission when the neutrino events were observed. The analysis of Swift-XRT snapshots reveal a flux variability of more than a factor 2 in about 5 × 103 s during the observation on 2021 December 17. In the γ-ray band, the source was in its historical highest flux level at the time of the arrival of the neutrinos. The observational comparison between PKS 0735+178 and other neutrino source candidates, such as TXS 0506+056, PKS 1424+240, and GB6 J1542+6129, shows that all these sources share similar spectral energy distributions, very high radio and γ-ray powers, and parsec scale jet properties. Moreover, we present strong supporting evidence for PKS 0735+178 to be, like all the others, a masquerading BL Lac. We perform comprehensive modelling of the multiwavelength emission from PKS 0735+178 within one-zone lepto-hadronic models considering both internal and external photon fields and estimate the expected accompanying neutrino flux. The most optimistic scenario invokes a jet with luminosity close to the Eddington value and the interactions of ~ PeV protons with an external UV photon field. This scenario predicts ~0.067 muon and anti-muon neutrinos over the observed 3-week flare. Our results are consistent with the detection of one very high-energy neutrino like IceCube-211208A.

Background: Long-term stretching of human skeletal muscles increases joint range of motion through altered stretch perception and decreased resistance to stretch. There is also some evidence that stretching induces changes in muscle morphology. However, research is limited and inconclusive. Objective: To examine the effect of static stretching training on muscle architecture (i.e., fascicle length and fascicle angle, muscle thickness and cross-sectional area) in healthy participants. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus were searched. Randomized controlled trials and controlled trials without randomization were included. No restrictions on language or date of publication were applied. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools. Subgroup analyses and random-effects meta-regressions were also performed using total stretching volume and intensity as covariates. Quality of evidence was determined by GRADE analysis. Results: From the 2946 records retrieved, 19 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (n = 467 participants). Risk of bias was low in 83.9% of all criteria. Confidence in cumulative evidence was high. Stretching training induces trivial increases in fascicle length at rest (SMD = 0.17; 95% CI 0.01–0.33; p = 0.042) and small increases in fascicle length during stretching (SMD = 0.39; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.74; p = 0.026). No increases were observed in fascicle angle or muscle thickness (p = 0.30 and p = 0.18, respectively). Subgroup analyses showed that fascicle length increased when high stretching volumes were used (p < 0.004), while no changes were found for low stretching volumes (p = 0.60; subgroup difference: p = 0.025). High stretching intensities induced fascicle length increases (p < 0.006), while low stretching intensities did not have an effect (p = 0.72; subgroup difference: p = 0.042). Also, high intensity stretching resulted in increased muscle thickness (p = 0.021). Meta-regression analyses showed that longitudinal fascicle growth was positively associated with stretching volume (p < 0.02) and intensity (p < 0.04). Conclusions: Static stretching training increases fascicle length at rest and during stretching in healthy participants. High, but not low, stretching volumes and intensities induce longitudinal fascicle growth, while high stretching intensities result in increased muscle thickness. Registration : PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42021289884. © 2023, The Author(s).

Nature-based solutions (NbS) can be beneficial to help human communities build resilience to climate change by managing and mitigating related hydro-meteorological hazards (HMHs). Substantial research has been carried out in the past on the detection and assessment of HMHs and their derived risks. Yet, knowledge on the performance and functioning of NbS to address these hazards is severely lacking. The latter is exacerbated by the lack of practical and viable approaches that would help identify and select NbS for specific problems. The EU-funded OPERANDUM project established seven Open-Air Laboratories (OALs) across Europe to co-develop, test, and generate an evidence base from innovative NbS deployed to address HMHs such as flooding, droughts, landslides, erosion, and eutrophication. Herein, we detail the original approaches that each OAL followed in the process of identifying and selecting NbS for specific hazards with the aim of proposing a novel, generic framework for selecting NbS. We found that the process of selecting NBS was overall complex and context-specific in all the OALs, and it comprised 26 steps distributed across three stages: (i) Problem recognition, (ii) NbS identification, and (iii) NbS selection. We also identified over 20 selection criteria which, in most cases, were shared across OALs and were chiefly related to sustainability aspects. All the identified NbS were related to the regulation of the water cycle, and they were mostly chosen according to three main factors: (i) hazard type, (ii) hazard scale, and (iii) OAL size. We noticed that OALs exposed to landslides and erosion selected NbS capable to manage water budgets within the soil compartment at the local or landscape scale, while OALs exposed to floods, droughts, and eutrophication selected approaches to managing water transport and storage at the catchment scale. We successfully portrayed a synthesis of the stages and steps followed in the OALs’ NbS selection process in a framework. The framework, which reflects the experiences of the stakeholders involved, is inclusive and integrated, and it can serve as a basis to inform NbS selection processes whilst facilitating the organisation of diverse stakeholders working towards finding solutions to natural hazards. We animate the future development of the proposed framework by integrating financial viability steps. We also encourage studies looking into the implementation of the proposed framework through quantitative approaches integrating multi-criteria analyses.

Background Multiple HIV outbreaks have been recorded among people who inject drugs (PWID) since 2010. During an intervention for PWID in 2019–2021 in Thessaloniki, Greece, an increasing number of HIV cases was documented. Here, we provide an analysis of this new outbreak. Methods ALEXANDROS was a community-based program and participation included interviewing, rapid HIV/HCV tests, counselling and linkage to care. PWID were recruited through Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) in five sampling rounds. Crude and RDS-weighted HIV prevalence estimates were obtained. HIV incidence was estimated from data on 380 initially seronegative PWID with at least two tests. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess risk factors for HIV seroconversion. Results In total, 1,101 PWID were recruited. At first participation, 53.7% were current PWID, 20.1% homeless, 20.3% on opioid substitution treatment and 4.8% had received syringes in the past 12 months. HIV prevalence (95% CI) was 7.0% (5.6–8.7%) and an increasing trend was observed over 2019–2021 (p = 0.002). Two-thirds of the cases (67.5%) were new diagnoses. HIV incidence was 7.0 new infections/100 person-years (95% CI:4.8–10.2). Homelessness in the past 12 months (HR:2.68; 95% CI:1.24–5.81) and receptive syringe sharing (HR:3.86; 95% CI:1.75–8.51) were independently associated with increased risk of seroconversion. By the end of the program, 67.3% of the newly diagnosed cases initiated antiretroviral treatment. Conclusions A new HIV outbreak among PWID was documented in Greece during the COVID-19 pandemic with homelessness and syringe sharing being associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition. Peer-driven programs targeting the population of high-risk underserved PWID can be used to early identify emerging outbreaks and to improve linkage to HIV care.

Disruption in neurogenesis and neuronal migration can influence the assembly of cortical circuits, affecting the excitatory-inhibitory balance and resulting in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Using ventral cerebral organoids and dorsoventral cerebral assembloids with mutations in the extracellular matrix gene LGALS3BP, we show that extracellular vesicles released into the extracellular environment regulate the molecular differentiation of neurons, resulting in alterations in migratory dynamics. To investigate how extracellular vesicles affect neuronal specification and migration dynamics, we collected extracellular vesicles from ventral cerebral organoids carrying a mutation in LGALS3BP, previously identified in individuals with cortical malformations and neuropsychiatric disorders. These results revealed differences in protein composition and changes in dorsoventral patterning. Proteins associated with cell fate decision, neuronal migration, and extracellular matrix composition were altered in mutant extracellular vesicles. Moreover, we show that treatment with extracellular vesicles changes the transcriptomic profile in neural progenitor cells. Our results indicate that neuronal molecular differentiation can be influenced by extracellular vesicles.

An improved activation function, termed extended sign-bi-power (Esbp), is proposed. An extension of the Li zeroing neural network (ELi-ZNN) based on the Esbp activation is derived to obtain the online solution of the time-varying inversion problem. A detailed theoretical analysis confirms that the new activation function accomplishes fast convergence in calculating the time-varying matrix inversion. At the same time, illustrative numerical experiments substantiate the excellent performance of the proposed activation function over the Li and tunable activation functions. Convergence properties and numerical behaviors of the proposed ELi-ZNN model are examined.

Due to its significance in science and engineering, time-varying linear matrix equation (LME) problems have received a lot of attention from scholars. It is for this reason that the issue of finding the minimum-norm least-squares solution of the time-varying quaternion LME (ML-TQ-LME) is addressed in this study. This is accomplished using the zeroing neural network (ZNN) technique, which has achieved considerable success in tackling time-varying issues. In light of that, two new ZNN models are introduced to solve the ML-TQ-LME problem for time-varying quaternion matrices of arbitrary dimension. Two simulation experiments and two practical acoustic source tracking applications show that the models function superbly.

The Markowitz model, a Nobel Prize winning model for portfolio analysis, paves the theoretical foundation in finance for modern investment. However, it remains a challenging problem in the high frequency trading (HFT) era to find a more time efficient solution for portfolio analysis, especially when considering circumstances with the dynamic fluctuation of stock prices and the desire to pursue contradictory objectives for less risk but more return. In this paper, we establish a recurrent neural network model to address this challenging problem in runtime. Rigorous theoretical analysis on the convergence and the optimality of portfolio optimization are presented. Numerical experiments are conducted based on real data from Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) components and the results reveal that the proposed solution is superior to DJIA index in terms of higher investment returns and lower risks.

Importance sampling, a variant of online sampling, is often used in neural network training to improve the learning process, and, in particular, the convergence speed of the model. We study, here, the performance of a set of batch selection algorithms, namely, online sampling algorithms that process small parts of the dataset at each iteration. Convergence is accelerated through the creation of a bias towards the learning of hard samples. We first consider the baseline algorithm and investigate its performance in terms of convergence speed and generalization efficiency. The latter, however, is limited in case of poor balancing of data sets. To alleviate this shortcoming, we propose two variations of the algorithm that achieve better generalization and also manage to not undermine the convergence speed boost offered by the original algorithm. Various data transformation techniques were tested in conjunction with the proposed scheme to develop an overall training method of the model and to ensure robustness in different training environments. An experimental framework was constructed using three naturally imbalanced datasets and one artificially imbalanced one. The results assess the advantage in convergence of the extended algorithm over the vanilla one, but, mostly, show better generalization performance in imbalanced data environments.

An extension of the photonic layer multiple scattering methodology to dynamic spherical scatterers, which exhibit a periodic time-varying response, is presented. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on specific examples of single- and bi-layers of periodically modulated high-refractive-index spherical particles arranged on a square lattice. The results provide compelling evidence for strong and tunable inelastic scattering effects under the triple resonance condition, fulfilled for optical transitions between neighboring high-Q lattice modes of the appropriate symmetry, which originate from multipolar Mie resonances. A consistent interpretation of the underlying mechanisms is provided and potential applications in the design of nonreciprocal devices are discussed.

Magnetic reconnection is often invoked as a source of high-energy particles, and in relativistic astrophysical systems it is regarded as a prime candidate for powering fast and bright flares. We present a novel analytical model-supported and benchmarked with large-scale three-dimensional kinetic particle-in-cell simulations in electron-positron plasmas-that elucidates the physics governing the generation of power-law energy spectra in relativistic reconnection. Particles with Lorentz factor γ ≳ 3σ (here, σ is the magnetization) gain most of their energy in the inflow region, while meandering between the two sides of the reconnection layer. Their acceleration time is ${t}_{\mathrm{acc}}\sim \gamma \,{\eta }_{\mathrm{rec}}^{-1}{\omega }_{{\rm{c}}}^{-1}\simeq 20\,\gamma \,{\omega }_{{\rm{c}}}^{-1}$ , where η rec ≃ 0.06 is the inflow speed in units of the speed of light and ω c = eB 0/mc is the gyrofrequency in the upstream magnetic field. They leave the region of active energization after t esc, when they get captured by one of the outflowing flux ropes of reconnected plasma. We directly measure t esc in our simulations and find that t esc ~ t acc for σ ≳ few. This leads to a universal (i.e., σ-independent) power-law spectrum ${{dN}}_{\mathrm{free}}/d\gamma \propto {\gamma }^{-1}$ for the particles undergoing active acceleration, and ${dN}/d\gamma \propto {\gamma }^{-2}$ for the overall particle population. Our results help to shed light on the ubiquitous presence of power-law particle and photon spectra in astrophysical nonthermal sources.

DNA sequences of ideal and natural geometries are examined, studying their charge transport properties as mutation detectors. Ideal means textbook geometry. Natural means naturally distorted sequences; geometry taken from available databases. A tight-binding (TB) wire model at the base-pair level is recruited, together with a transfer matrix technique. The relevant TB parameters are obtained using a linear combination of all valence orbitals of all atoms, using geometry, either ideal or natural, as the only input. The investigated DNA sequences contain: (i) point substitution mutations – specifically, the transitions guanine (G) 2 adenine (A) – and (ii) sequences extracted from human chromosomes, modified by expanding the cytosine–adenine–guanine triplet [(CAG)n repeats] to mimic the following diseases: (a) Huntington’s disease, (b) Kennedy’s disease, (c) Spinocerebellar ataxia 6, (d) Spinocerebellar ataxia 7. Quantities such as eigenspectra, density of states, transmission coefficients, and the – more experimentally relevant – current–voltage (I–V) curves are studied, intending to find adequate features to recognize mutations. To this end, the normalised deviation of the I–V curve from the origin (NDIV) is also defined. The features of the NDIV seem to provide a clearer picture, being sensitive to the number of point mutations and allowing to characterise the degree of danger of developing the aforementioned diseases.

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are machine learning models that integrate data-based learning with partial differential equations (PDEs). In this work, for the first time we extend PINNs to model the numerically challenging case of astrophysical shock waves in the presence of a stellar gravitational field. Notably, PINNs suffer from competing losses during gradient descent that can lead to poor performance especially in physical setups involving multiple scales, which is the case for shocks in the gravitationally stratified solar atmosphere. We applied PINNs in three different setups ranging from modeling astrophysical shocks in cases with no or little data to data-intensive cases. Namely, we used PINNs (a) to determine the effective polytropic index controlling the heating mechanism of the space plasma within 1% error, (b) to quantitatively show that data assimilation is seamless in PINNs and small amounts of data can significantly increase the model's accuracy, and (c) to solve the forward time-dependent problem for different temporal horizons. We addressed the poor performance of PINNs through an effective normalization approach by reformulating the fluid dynamics PDE system to absorb the gravity-caused variability. This led to a huge improvement in the overall model performance with the density accuracy improving between 2 and 16 times. Finally, we present a detailed critique on the strengths and drawbacks of PINNs in tackling realistic physical problems in astrophysics and conclude that PINNs can be a powerful complimentary modeling approach to classical fluid dynamics solvers.

To date, mechanistic modeling of oral drug absorption has been achieved via the use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, and more specifically, physiologically based biopharmaceutics model (PBBM). The concept of finite absorption time (FAT) has been developed recently and the application of the relevant physiologically based finite time pharmacokinetic (PBFTPK) models to experimental data provides explicit evidence that drug absorption terminates at a specific time point. In this manuscript, we explored how PBBM and PBFTPK models compare when applied to the same dataset. A set of six compounds with clinical data from immediate-release formulation were selected. Both models resulted in absorption time estimates within the small intestinal transit time, with PBFTPK models generally providing shorter time estimates. A clear relationship between the absorption rate and the product of permeability and luminal concentration was observed, in concurrence with the fundamental assumptions of PBFTPK models. We propose that future research on the synergy between the two modeling approaches can lead to both improvements in the initial parameterization of PBPK/PBBM models but to also expand mechanistic oral absorption concepts to more traditional pharmacometrics applications.

The study looks at how environmental concerns were gradually elevated inside the CAP's policy-making framework and how they helped towards the “greening” transition of  European agriculture. Within the context of multilevel governance, the analysis is based ontheories of policy change, primarily neo-institutionalism and historical institutionalism. Theanalysis reveals that the historical trajectory of the previous era inside the EU and the global  setting is being redefined by policy change

For over a century, the identification of high-energy cosmic ray (CR) sources remains an open question. For Galactic CRs with energy up to 1015 eV, supernova remnants (SNRs) have traditionally been thought the main candidate source. However, recent TeV γ-ray observations have questioned the SNR paradigm. Propagating CRs are deflected by the Galactic magnetic field, hence, γ-rays and neutrinos produced via inelastic hadronic interactions are the only means for unveiling the CR sources. In this work, we study the γ-ray and neutrino emission produced by CRs accelerated inside Galactic jets of stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries (BHXBs). We calculate the intrinsic neutrino emission of two prototypical BHXBs , Cygnus X-1 and GX 339-4, for which we have high-quality, quasi-simultaneous multiwavelength spectra. Based on these prototypical sources, we discuss the likelihood of the 35 known Galactic BHXBs to be efficient CR accelerators. Moreover, we estimate the potential contribution to the CR spectrum of a viable population of BHXBs that reside in the Galactic plane. When these BHXBs go into outburst, they may accelerate particles up to hundreds of TeV that contribute to the diffuse γ-ray and neutrino spectra while propagating in the Galactic medium. Using HERMES, an open-source code that calculates the hadronic processes along the line of sight, we discuss the contribution of BHXBs to the diffuse γ-ray and neutrino fluxes, and compare these to their intrinsic γ-ray and neutrino emissions. Finally, we discuss the contribution of BHXBs to the observed spectrum of Galactic CRs.

The present study aimed to analyse the associations between spatiotemporal characteristics of the setting and the origin of the ball in terms of the game complexes for junior female volleyball teams. Multinomial logistic regression and multiple correspondence analysis were applied to analyse 3.675 setting actions (Complex I = 1.593, Complex II = 2.082) in the final phase of the Greek Junior Championship. Results showed that the origin of the ball from the left lane of the court eases the setter for an accurate setting during CI while passing from the right lane incommodes the setter during CII. Regarding setting zone, for accurate setting, odds are increased by 3.2 for zone 4 during CI while decreased by 23.8 for zone 3 during CII. The junior setters' distribution of setting is predictable and creates favourable conditions for the opponent to deal with it. The improvement of junior female setters' ability to follow the team's offensive tactic regardless of the ball's origin, to manipulate passes received from the right lane of the court during CII and the acceleration of setting tempo for the wing hitters could be training goals for coaches.

The cave of Alistrati, is located in the Prefecture of Serres, Northern Greece near the foothills ofMount Menoikio, in the area of Petroto. This area is structured by crystalline limestones, where thedevelopment of a complex and multilevel karst system is favored. An extensive geomorphologicalsurvey was carried out for the accurate mapping of the karst surface above the cave, using UAS. Forthe investigation of a possible lateral extension of the existing karstic conduit, a detailed surfacegeophysical investigation was carried out. More specifically, three geophysical techniques wereimplemented: a) the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), b) the Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR) technique and c) the Very-Low Frequency (VLF) method. These 13 lines of the threegeophysical techniques are fully matched at 4 locations and were join-interpreted, yielding remarkablefindings. The comparative results of the above geophysical techniques, as well as their 3Dpresentation, highlight similar geophysical anomalies, evaluated as different types of karst systemstructures. Therefore, the combined geophysical survey has indicated the existence andinterconnection of the first two karst levels of the area, up to a depth of 50m, as well as the possibleextension of the Alistrati karstic conduit to the northeast.

The cave of Alistrati, is located in the Prefecture of Serres, Northern Greece near the foothills of Mount Menoikio, in the area of Petroto. This area is structured by crystalline limestones, where the development of a complex and multilevel karst system is favored. An extensive geomorphological survey was carried out for the accurate mapping of the karst surface above the cave, using UAS. For the investigation of a possible lateral extension of the existing karstic conduit, a detailed surface geophysical investigation was carried out. More specifically, three geophysical techniques were implemented: a) the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), b) the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) technique and c) the Very-Low Frequency (VLF) method. These 13 lines of the three geophysical techniques are fully matched at 4 locations and were join-interpreted, yielding remarkable findings. The comparative results of the above geophysical techniques, as well as their 3D presentation, highlight similar geophysical anomalies, evaluated as different types of karst system structures. Therefore, the combined geophysical survey has indicated the existence and interconnection of the first two karst levels of the area, up to a depth of 50m, as well as the possible extension of the Alistrati karstic conduit to the northeast.

BACKGROUND: Tumor heterogeneity and lack of personalized prognosis leads to bladder cancer (BlCa) patients' lifelong surveillance with invasive interventions, highlighting the need for modern minimally invasive tools for disease management. Herein, we have evaluated the clinical utility of preoperative serum cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in ameliorating patients' risk-stratification and prognosis. METHODS: cfDNA was purified from 190 preoperative BlCa patients and 26 healthy individuals' serum samples and quantified by 2 assays: an in-house quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay using LEP as reference control and a direct fluorometric assay using Qubit HS dsDNA. Capillary electrophoresis was performed in 31 samples for cfDNA fragment profiling. Tumor relapse/progression and metastasis/death were used as clinical endpoints for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), respectively. RESULTS: cfDNA profiling by capillary electrophoresis highlighted that total and fragment-related cfDNA levels were significantly increased in BlCa and associated with advance disease stages. Evaluation of cfDNA levels by both Qubit/qPCR displayed highly consistent results (rs = 0.960; P < 0.001). Higher cfDNA was correlated with MIBC and stronger risk for early metastasis (Qubit:hazard ratio [HR] = 3.016, P = 0.009; qPCR:HR = 2.918, P = 0.004) and poor survival (Qubit:HR = 1.898, P = 0.042; qPCR:HR = 1.888, P = 0.026) of MIBC patients. Multivariate cfDNA-fitted models led to superior risk stratification and net benefit for MIBC prognosis compared to disease established markers. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated preoperative cfDNA levels are strongly associated with higher risk for short-term metastasis and poor outcome of MIBC, supporting modern noninvasive disease prognosis and management.

This paper examines the principles of selection and arrangement of the letters of Basil the Great in the Aldine edition and in one of the major manuscript families, arguing that the ordering of Basil’s letters in them was mainly based on the content of the letters, whether thematical or by addressee. It concludes that the ancient and medieval thematical orderings of the letters are helpful for our understanding of the content of a large collection as that of Basil, compared to the modern reconstructed chronological order presented in the editions.

The origin of extremely fast variability is one of the long-standing questions in the gamma-ray astronomy of blazars. While many models explain the slower, lower energy variability, they cannot easily account for such fast flares reaching hour-to-minute timescales. Magnetic reconnection, a process where magnetic energy is converted to the acceleration of relativistic particles in the reconnection layer, is a candidate solution to this problem. In this work, we employ state-of-the-art particle-in-cell simulations in a statistical comparison with observations of a flaring episode of a well-known blazar, Mrk 421, at a very high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV). We tested the predictions of our model by generating simulated VHE light curves that we compared quantitatively with methods that we have developed for a precise evaluation of theoretical and observed data. With our analysis, we can constrain the parameter space of the model, such as the magnetic field strength of the unreconnected plasma, viewing angle and the reconnection layer orientation in the blazar jet. Our analysis favours parameter spaces with magnetic field strength 0.1 G, rather large viewing angles (6 − 8°), and misaligned layer angles, offering a strong candidate explanation for the Doppler crisis often observed in the jets of high synchrotron peaking blazars. Full Tables B.1-B.10 are available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/678/A140

During the last decades, the utilization of imaging modalities such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in every day clinical practice has enabled clinicians to diagnose diseases accurately at early stages. Radiolabeled iron oxide nanoparticles (RIONs) combine their intrinsic magnetic behavior with the extrinsic character of the radionuclide additive, so that they constitute a platform of multifaceted physical properties. Thus, at a practical level, RIONs serve as the physical parent of the so-called dual-modality contrast agents (DMCAs) utilized in SPECT/MRI and PET/MRI applications due to their ability to combine, at real time, the high sensitivity of SPECT or PET together with the high spatial resolution of MRI. This review focuses on the synthesis and in vivo investigation of both biodistribution and imaging efficacy of RIONs as potential SPECT/MRI or PET/MRI DMCAs.

L’adoption d’une approche apaisante similaire, indistinctement et surtout de manière déraisonnable, constitue à la fois une erreur méthodologique et scientifique inhérente, mais aussi un choix diplomatique et national, à fortiori, malheureux qui, je le crains, conduira avec une précision mathématique dans une atteinte, sans  précédent et en tout cas irréversible, aux intérêts de notre « commettant » nationalcommun (j’imagine)...Du peuple grec...De l’hellénisme, en général, en Grèce, à Chypre, mais aussi de la diaspora dans son ensemble !!! (qui a récemment acquis le droit de vote, elle est donc désormais légitimée d’avoir son mot à dire dans les affaires publiques!!!

Greece is a country structured by land, several islands and sea. A regional gravity model of such a country demands the involvement of several types of gravity data in order to cover all its territory. In this paper, we present the development of a regional combined gravity model of Greece and its surroundingarea, by integrating terrestrial, marine (shipborne and altimetry-derived gravity data) and satellite data (GOCE and GRACE data). These kinds of data, especially the terrestrial and marine ones, have passed quality and validation control since they were collected from different organizations, which means that they probably have been acquired and processed with different parametersand formulas. Following that, their integration was accomplished with the application of the least-squares collocation (LSC). Therefore, a newly combined regional gravity model of Greece and its surrounding areas has been developed. This gravity model can be valuable for regional geological and geophysical studies of Greece, since it provides homogeneously the distribution of Complete Bouguer anomaly (CBA) all over Greece, with updated gravity data and in good agreement with the initial gravity datasets that have been used. 

Based on fresh archival research this article examines the exchange of Romanizing statuary between Italy and Spain during the ventennio fascista. Between 1933 and 1943, Italy and Spain exchanged copies of Roman statues as symbolic gestures, to substantiate their claims to a shared classical heritage of ‘imperial greatness’. Using press reports and documentary film excerpts the article reconstructs public events that took place in Merida, Tarragona, Palma, and Zaragoza and assesses their impact. Behind these exchanges, and public ceremonies staged on their occasion, lay the Fascist concept of romanità: an archaeologically and aesthetically charged discourse placing Late-Republican and Early-Imperial Roman heritage in the epicentre of Fascist identity politics. Through improvised public performances of romanità, classical materialities, monumental as well as spatial, were imbued with Fascist dynamics, as the past turned into the present and projected into the future. Through individual and collective performance these ceremonies embodied a primeval Fascist ideal that appeared at once spectacular and modern.

OBJECTIVES: In the era of precision medicine, the highly aggressive and heterogenous triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still characterized by limited options to support personalized prognosis and guide therapeutic interventions. Thereafter, the aim of the present study has been the thorough evaluation of miR-146a as a novel molecular indicator of TNBC prognosis and treatment outcome, utilizing four independent TNBC cohorts. DESIGN & METHODS: miR-146a levels were clinically evaluated in our screening (n = 122) and three external validation TNBC cohorts (de Rinaldis et al. 2013, n = 114; Jezequel et al. 2015, n = 107; TCGA, n = 180). Analysis of miR-146a and validated gene targets was performed in Jezequel et al. and TCGA validation cohorts. Patients' survival, recurrence and metastasis were determined as clinical endpoints for the survival analysis. Internal validation was performed by bootstrap analysis and clinical net benefit was evaluated by decision curve analysis. RESULTS: Reduction of miR-146a is strongly associated with patients' poor survival and can predict post-treatment disease early-recurrence, independently of tumor size, lymph node status, histological grade and patients' age. The analysis of the external validation cohorts corroborated the unfavorable nature of miR-146a repression regarding patients' survival and, strikingly, unveiled the ability of miR-146a to predict TNBC metastasis. Combined assessment of miR-146a levels and lymph node status resulted in superior risk-stratification of TNBC patients and higher clinical benefit regarding disease prognosis and post-treatment outcome. Ultimately, miR-146a was negatively associated with EGFR and SOX2 expression in TNBC. CONCLUSIONS: miR-146a evaluation could ameliorate personalized prognosis and support precision medicine decisions in TNBC.

Accumulation of DNA damage resulting from reactive oxygen species was proposed to cause neurological and degenerative disease in patients, deficient in nucleotide excision repair (NER) or its transcription-coupled subpathway (TC-NER). Here, we assessed the requirement of TC-NER for the repair of specific types of oxidatively generated DNA modifications. We incorporated synthetic 5′,8-cyclo-2′-deoxypurine nucleotides (cyclo-dA, cyclo-dG) and thymine glycol (Tg) into an EGFP reporter gene to measure transcription-blocking potentials of these modifications in human cells. Using null mutants, we further identified the relevant DNA repair components by a host cell reactivation approach. The results indicated that NTHL1-initiated base excision repair is by far the most efficient pathway for Tg. Moreover, Tg was efficiently bypassed during transcription, which effectively rules out TC-NER as an alternative repair mechanism. In a sharp contrast, both cyclopurine lesions robustly blocked transcription and were repaired by NER, wherein the specific TC-NER components CSB/ERCC6 and CSA/ERCC8 were as essential as XPA. Instead, repair of classical NER substrates, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer and N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-acetylaminofluorene, occurred even when TC-NER was disrupted. The strict requirement of TC-NER highlights cyclo-dA and cyclo-dG as candidate damage types, accountable for cytotoxic and degenerative responses in individuals affected by genetic defects in this pathway.

Research impact 1321 citations  (updated January 18, 2024): see last attachment.

Summary Mixed-phase clouds are ubiquitous in the Arctic and play a critical role in Earth's energy budget at the surface and top-of-the-atmosphere. These clouds typically occupy the lower and mid-level troposphere and are composed of purely supercooled liquid droplets or mixtures of supercooled liquid water droplets and ice crystals. Here, we review progress in our understanding of the factors that control the formation and dissipation of Arctic mixed-phase clouds, including the thermodynamic structure of the lower troposphere, warm and moist air intrusions into the Arctic, large-scale subsidence, and aerosol particles. We then provide a brief survey of numerous Arctic field campaigns that targeted local cloud-controlling factors and follow this with specific examples of how the Arctic Cloud Observations Using airborne measurements during polar Day (ACLOUD)/ Physical feedback of Arctic PBL, Sea ice, Cloud And AerosoL (PASCAL) and Airborne measurements of radiative and turbulent FLUXes of energy and momentum in the Arctic boundary layer (AFLUX) field campaigns that took place in the vicinity of Svalbard in 2019 were able to advance our understanding on this topic to demonstrate the value of field campaigns. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the outlook of future research in the study of Arctic cloud-controlling factors and provide several recommendations for the observational and modeling community to advance our understanding of the role of Arctic mixed-phase clouds in a rapidly changing climate.

Die Französische Revolution wurde als Epochenwende in der europäischen Geschichte gefeiert. Doch bald stellte sich heraus, dass die Revolution keine Institutionalisierung einer neuen, humaneren Gesellschaft darstellte, sondern einen bloßen Herrschaftsabtausch. In Der Auftrag führt Heiner Müller ein „Gespräch mit den Toten”.  Das Stück thematisiert das Verhältnis von Individuum und Geschichte. Seine Figuren sind zwischen den Polen „Verrat“ und Erfüllung des historischen „Auftrags“ angesiedelt. Die Revolution wird als gescheitert deklariert. Der Versuch, die Geschichte revolutionär zu verändern, beseitigte nicht die alte, gewalttätige Ordnung, sondern ließ sie unter einer Maske wieder entstehen. Dieses kulturphilosophische Erklärungsmodell für das Scheitern der Revolution mündet in eine Fundamentalkritik an der europäisch-westlichen Zivilisation, in eine Nekrologie auf das bürgerliche, aber auch das sozialistische Revolutionsmodell. Müller ist jedoch kein Geschichtspessimist. Revolution ist zwingende Aufgabe jeder Generation, aber ihr Ort wird außergeschichtlich, in fernster Zukunft und im „ausgeschlossenen Anderen“ situiert. In Marat/Sade führt Peter Weiss einen ähnlichen Dialog mit den Toten. De Sade und Marat führen eine Art Totengespräch miteinander, aber auch mit dem Autor und dem Zuschauer. Im Sinne eines Spiels im Spiel vergleicht Weiss die historische Situation 1793, 1808 und 1964. Weiss’ de Sade ist eine Nietzschische Figur, während Marat eine idealistische Figur darstellt, die auf soziale Veränderung abzielt.  Das Stück thematisiert die Extremen „Revolte“ und „Bekenntnis zur Verlorenheit“ als die beiden (nicht lebbaren) Alternativen, zwischen denen das moderne Individuum zu wählen hat. 

The core components of both traditional and contemporary control systems are the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control systems, which have established themselves as standards for technical and industrial applications. Therefore, the tuning of the PID controllers is of high importance. Utilizing optimization algorithms to reduce the mean square error of the controller’s output is one approach of tuning PID controllers. In this paper, an appropriately modified metaheuristic optimization algorithm dubbed beetle antennae search (BAS) is employed for robust tuning of PID controllers. The findings of three simulated experiments on stabilizing feedback control systems show that BAS produces comparable or higher performance than three other well-known optimization algorithms while only consuming a tenth of their time.

The role of emotions in higher education is recently recognised as significant for quality teaching and students’ learning (Mendzheritskaya & Hansen, 2019). Emotions affect the learning climate and outcomes, attendance rates and the quality of classroom relationships and interplays. However, emotions are often overlooked in tertiary education. On the contrary, in primary education they have received significant attention and in Adult Education they have been recognized as an important driving learning force (Tennant, 2019). Nonetheless, emotions and often negative emotions, prevail in higher education and concern the relationships that develop within the classroom setting where transference and countertransference are also present. Emotions, concern both, university teachers and students. This paper suggests that group dynamics can be employed to alleviate negative emotions and support sharing of knowledge and experience in a facilitating environment. Furthermore, reducing dropout rates is another challenge. However, the question remains to what extent this is possible to happen in large audiences and classrooms where facilities for group learning are not provided in most higher education institutions in Greece.

In this paper, I explore the role of knowledge in the RE curriculum. Based on research I attempt to answer the question regarding the knowledge that constitutes RE as a subject, using philosophical, theological, and educational (derived from psychology and neurosciences) argumentation. I discuss the differences between the Greek ideas of paideia (αγωγή/παιδεία) and education (εκπαίδευση)from which the English word education is conceptually beholden. The discussion relies on Biesta’s distinction between ‘cultivation humanity’ and ‘educating the human’. Above all, the key point is that Dewey’s theory of knowing works hand in hand with substantive knowledge and its transformative power in individual’s life where the other is more than significant. RE’s what of education is as important as the how of education. Content and process are perceived here as an educational experience (thinking, reflection, and action) which provides, within the curriculum context the ‘language game’ of the religion(s) and worldviews facilitating students’ knowledge processes and therefore communication with self and others and their cosmopolitanism. In practice, experiential learning applies within the classroom the RE’s content in ‘events with meaning’ from which contributions to knowledge-based teaching are made possible.

Mitochondria are cellular organelles that play an essential role in generating the chemical energy needed for the biochemical reactions in cells. Mitochondrial biogenesis, i.e., de novo mitochondria formation, results in enhanced cellular respiration, metabolic processes, and ATP generation, while autophagic clearance of mitochondria (mitophagy) is required to remove damaged or useless mitochondria. The balance between the opposing processes of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy is highly regulated and crucial for the maintenance of the number and function of mitochondria as well as for the cellular homeostasis and adaptations to metabolic demands and extracellular stimuli. In skeletal muscle, mitochondria are essential for maintaining energy homeostasis, and the mitochondrial network exhibits complex behaviors and undergoes dynamic remodeling in response to various conditions and pathologies characterized by changes in muscle cell structure and metabolism, such as exercise, muscle damage, and myopathies. In particular, the involvement of mitochondrial remodeling in mediating skeletal muscle regeneration following damage has received increased attention, as modifications in mitophagy-related signals arise from exercise, while variations in mitochondrial restructuring pathways can lead to partial regeneration and impaired muscle function. Muscle regeneration (through myogenesis) following exercise-induced damage is characterized by a highly regulated, rapid turnover of poor-functioning mitochondria, permitting the synthesis of better-functioning mitochondria to occur. Nevertheless, essential aspects of mitochondrial remodeling during muscle regeneration remain poorly understood and warrant further characterization. In this review, we focus on the critical role of mitophagy for proper muscle cell regeneration following damage, highlighting the molecular mechanisms of the mitophagy-associated mitochondrial dynamics and network reformation.

The chemical investigation of the organic extract of the red alga Laurencia majuscula collected from Hurghada reef in the Red Sea resulted in the isolation of five C15 acetogenins, including four tricyclic ones of the maneonene type (1–4) and a 5-membered one (5), 15 sesquiterpenes, including seven lauranes (6–12), one cuparane (13), one seco-laurane (14), one snyderane (15), two chamigranes (16, 17), two rearranged chamigranes (18, 19) and one aristolane (20), as well as a tricyclic diterpene (21) and a chlorinated fatty acid derivative (22). Among them, compounds 1–3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 14 are new natural products. The structures and the relative configurations of the isolated natural products have been established based on extensive analysis of their NMR and MS data, while the absolute configuration of maneonenes F (1) and G (2) was determined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1, 2, 4–8, 10, 12–16, 18 and 20–22 was evaluated by measuring suppression of nitric oxide (NO) release in TLR4-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages in culture. All compounds, except 6, exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, metabolites 1, 4 and 18 did not exhibit any cytostatic activity at the tested concentrations. The most prominent anti-inflammatory activity, accompanied by absence of cytostatic activity at the same concentration, was exerted by compounds 5 and 18, with IC50 values of 3.69 μM and 3.55 μΜ, respectively.

In recent years, on the one hand, we have witnessed the rise of blockchain technology, which has led to better transparency, traceability, and therefore, trustworthy exchange of digital assets among different actors. On the other hand, achieving trustworthy content exchange has been one of the primary objectives of the Semantic Web, part of the World Wide Web Consortium. Semantic Web and blockchain technologies are the fundamental building blocks of Web3 (the third version of the Internet), which aims to link data through a decentralized approach. Blockchain provides a decentralized and secure framework for users to safeguard their data and take control over their data and Web3 experiences. However, developing trustworthy decentralized applications (Dapps) is a challenge because many blockchain-based functionalities must be developed from scratch, and combined with data semantics to open new innovative opportunities. In this survey paper, we explore the cross-cutting domain of the Semantic Web and blockchain and identify the critical building blocks required to achieve trust in the Next-Generation Internet. The application domains that could benefit from these technologies are also investigated. We developed a deep analysis of the published literature between 2015 and 2023. We performed our analysis in different digital libraries (e.g., Elsevier, IEEE, ACM), and as a result of our research, we retrieved 137 papers, of which 97 were retrieved as relevant to include in the paper. Furthermore, we studied several aspects (e.g., network type, transactions per second) of existing blockchain platforms. Semantic Web and blockchain technologies can be used to realize a verification and certification process for data quality. Examples of mechanisms to achieve this are the Decentralized Identities of the Semantic Web or the various blockchain consensus protocols that help achieve decentralization and realize democratic principles. Therefore, Semantic Web and blockchain technologies should be combined to achieve trust in the highly decentralized, semantically complex, and dynamic environments needed to build smart applications of the future.

Sitting volleyball (SV) is a dynamic with short actions sport in the paralympic programme. The purpose of the study was to identify the volleyball skills that best discriminate between winning and losing an SV set, for both the genders. The data were collected from all sets played (N = 224) on the 2019 European men and women SV Championship. Cluster analysis established three types of sets according to the final score difference: 2–4 points (balanced), 5–11 points (semi-balanced) and over 11 points (unbalanced). Three-way MANOVAs were conducted to analyse gender, type of set and type of result differences for selected performance indicators. The analyses revealed significant multivariate differences across gender (p <.001), types of set (p =.014) and result (p <.001) and significant interaction effect of result with gender (p =.025) and type of set (p <.001). A follow-up discriminant analysis showed that setting and attacking were the most important skills for all sets. The results showed that in SV the attack is the most important factor, which determines winners and losers, even in balanced sets. In SV, the importance of skills across gender was similar to volleyball, while there were differences in the structure of the game compared to the sequential order of skills in volleyball.

Glutathione and malondialdehyde are two compounds commonly used to evaluate the oxidative stress status of an organism. Although their determination is usually performed in blood serum, saliva is gaining ground as the biological fluid of choice for oxidative stress determination at the point of need. For this purpose, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which is a highly sensitive method for the detection of biomolecules, could offer additional advantages regarding the analysis of biological fluids at the point of need. In this work, silicon nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles made by metal-assisted chemical etching were evaluated as substrates for the SERS determination of glutathione and malondialdehyde in water and saliva. In particular, glutathione was determined by monitoring the reduction in the Raman signal obtained from substrates modified with crystal violet upon incubation with aqueous glutathione solutions. On the other hand, malondialdehyde was detected after a reaction with thiobarbituric acid to produce a derivative with a strong Raman signal. The detection limits achieved after optimization of several assay parameters were 50 and 3.2 nM for aqueous solutions of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. In artificial saliva, however, the detection limits were 2.0 and 0.32 μM for glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively, which are, nonetheless, adequate for the determination of these two markers in saliva.

Early diagnosis and monitoring are essential for the effective treatment and survival of patients with different types of malignancy. To this end, the accurate and sensitive determination of substances in human biological fluids related to cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis, i.e., cancer biomarkers, is of ultimate importance. Advancements in the field of immunodetection and nanomaterials have enabled the application of new transduction approaches for the sensitive detection of single or multiple cancer biomarkers in biological fluids. Immunosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are examples where the special properties of nanostructured materials and immunoreagents are combined to develop analytical tools that hold promise for point-of-care applications. In this frame, the subject of this review article is to present the advancements made so far regarding the immunochemical determination of cancer biomarkers by SERS. Thus, after a short introduction about the principles of both immunoassays and SERS, an extended presentation of up-to-date works regarding both single and multi-analyte determination of cancer biomarkers is presented. Finally, future perspectives on the field of SERS immunosensors for cancer markers detection are briefly discussed.

Depression and anxiety disorders carry a tremendous worldwide burden and emerge as a significant cause of disability among western societies. Both disorders are known to disproportionally affect women, as they are twice more likely to be diagnosed and moreover, they are also prone to suffer from female-specific mood disorders. Importantly, the prevalence of these affective disorders has notably risen after the COVID pandemic, especially in women. In this chapter, we describe factors that are possibly contributing to the expression of such sex differences in depression and anxiety. For this, we overview the effect of transcriptomic and genetic factors, the immune system, neuroendocrine aspects, and cognition. Furthermore, we also provide evidence of sex differences in antidepressant response and their causes. Finally, we emphasize the importance to consider sex as a biological variable in preclinical and clinical research, which may facilitate the discovery and development of new and more efficacious antidepressant and anxiolytic pharmacotherapies for both women and men.

Accretion disks around compact objects are expected to enter an unstable phase at high luminosity1. One instability may occur when the radiation pressure generated by accretion modifies the disk viscosity, resulting in the cyclic depletion and refilling of the inner disk on short timescales2. Such a scenario, however, has only been quantitatively verified for a single stellar-mass black hole3-5. Although there are hints of these cycles in a few isolated cases6-10, their apparent absence in the variable emission of most bright accreting neutron stars and black holes has been a continuing puzzle11. Here we report the presence of the same multiwavelength instability around an accreting neutron star. Moreover, we show that the variability across the electromagnetic spectrum—from radio to X-ray—of both black holes and neutron stars at high accretion rates can be explained consistently if the accretion disks are unstable, producing relativistic ejections during transitions that deplete or refill the inner disk. Such a new association allows us to identify the main physical components responsible for the fast multiwavelength variability of highly accreting compact objects.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy (CT) is central to the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), but drug toxicity and resistance place strong restrictions on treatment regimes. Fasting sensitizes cancer cells to a range of chemotherapeutic agents and also ameliorates CT-associated adverse effects. However, the molecular mechanism(s) by which fasting, or short-term starvation (STS), improves the efficacy of CT is poorly characterized. METHODS: The differential responses of breast cancer or near normal cell lines to combined STS and CT were assessed by cellular viability and integrity assays (Hoechst and PI staining, MTT or H(2)DCFDA staining, immunofluorescence), metabolic profiling (Seahorse analysis, metabolomics), gene expression (quantitative real-time PCR) and iRNA-mediated silencing. The clinical significance of the in vitro data was evaluated by bioinformatical integration of transcriptomic data from patient data bases: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and a TNBC cohort. We further examined the translatability of our findings in vivo by establishing a murine syngeneic orthotopic mammary tumor-bearing model. RESULTS: We provide mechanistic insights into how preconditioning with STS enhances the susceptibility of breast cancer cells to CT. We showed that combined STS and CT enhanced cell death and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, in association with higher levels of DNA damage and decreased mRNA levels for the NRF2 targets genes NQO1 and TXNRD1 in TNBC cells compared to near normal cells. ROS enhancement was associated with compromised mitochondrial respiration and changes in the metabolic profile, which have a significant clinical prognostic and predictive value. Furthermore, we validate the safety and efficacy of combined periodic hypocaloric diet and CT in a TNBC mouse model. CONCLUSIONS: Our in vitro, in vivo and clinical findings provide a robust rationale for clinical trials on the therapeutic benefit of short-term caloric restriction as an adjuvant to CT in triple breast cancer treatment.

The simultaneous determination of two inflammatory diseases biomarkers, namely procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in human serum samples employing a Point-of-Care device based on Multi Area Reflectance Spectroscopy is presented. Dual-analyte detection was achieved using silicon chips with two silicon dioxide areas of different thickness, one functionalized with an antibody specific for PCT and the other with an antibody specific for IL-6. The assay included reaction of immobilized capture antibodies with mixtures of PCT and IL-6 calibrators with the biotinylated detection antibodies, streptavidin and biotinylated-BSA. The reader provided for the automated execution of the assay procedure, as well as for the collection and processing of the reflected light spectrum, the shift of which is correlated to analytes concentration in the sample. The assay was completed in 35 min and the detection limits for PCT and IL-6 were 2.0 and 0.01 ng/mL respectively. The dual-analyte assay was characterized by high reproducibility (the intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were less than 10% for both analytes) and accuracy (the percent recovery values ranged from 80 to 113% for both analytes). Moreover, the values determined for the two analytes in human serum samples with the assay developed were in good agreement with the values determined for the same samples by clinical laboratory methods. These results support the potential of the proposed biosensing device application for inflammatory biomarkers determination at the Point-of-Need

Harnessing the potential beneficial effects of kinase signalling through the generation of direct kinase activators remains an underexplored area of drug development(1-5). This also applies to the PI3K signalling pathway, which has been extensively targeted by inhibitors for conditions with PI3K overactivation, such as cancer and immune dysregulation. Here we report the discovery of UCL-TRO-1938 (referred to as 1938 hereon), a small-molecule activator of the PI3Kalpha isoform, a crucial effector of growth factor signalling. 1938 allosterically activates PI3Kalpha through a distinct mechanism by enhancing multiple steps of the PI3Kalpha catalytic cycle and causes both local and global conformational changes in the PI3Kalpha structure. This compound is selective for PI3Kalpha over other PI3K isoforms and multiple protein and lipid kinases. It transiently activates PI3K signalling in all rodent and human cells tested, resulting in cellular responses such as proliferation and neurite outgrowth. In rodent models, acute treatment with 1938 provides cardioprotection from ischaemia-reperfusion injury and, after local administration, enhances nerve regeneration following nerve crush. This study identifies a chemical tool to directly probe the PI3Kalpha signalling pathway and a new approach to modulate PI3K activity, widening the therapeutic potential of targeting these enzymes through short-term activation for tissue protection and regeneration. Our findings illustrate the potential of activating kinases for therapeutic benefit, a currently largely untapped area of drug development.

Many issues arise from the recession of sea cliffs, including threats to coastal communities and infrastructure. The best proxy to study cliff instability processes is the cliff face evolution. Unfortunately, due to its verticality, this proxy is difficult to observe and measure. This study proposed and compared three remote sensing methods based on structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry or stereorestitution: boat-based SfM photogrammetry with smartphones, unmanned aerial system (UAS) or unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry with centimetric positioning and Pléiades tri-stereo imagery. An inter-comparison showed that the mean distance between the point clouds produced by the different methods was about 2 m. The satellite approach had the advantage of covering greater distances. The SfM photogrammetry approach from a boat allowed for a better reconstruction of the cliff foot (especially in the case of overhangs). However, over long distances, significant geometric distortions affected the method. The UAS with centimetric positioning offered a good compromise, but flight autonomy limited the extent of the monitored area. SfM photogrammetry from a boat can be used as an initial estimate for risk management services following a localized emergency. For long-term monitoring of the coastline and its evolution, satellite photogrammetry is recommended.

This study aimed to investigate the ways subtypes of social withdrawal and dimensions of solitude are related to existential concerns in emerging adulthood. The links between social withdrawal/solitude and existential well-being are a highly neglected research issue. Participants were 774 emerging adults (50.4% males) aged 18?25 (M = 20.07) from Greece. They completed measures on social withdrawal, solitude, authenticity, meaning in life, existential anxiety, and existential loneliness. We used structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Results indicated that shyness, avoidance, and isolation were associated with more existential concerns, whereas unsociability was associated with less existential concerns. The solitude dimensions - enlightenment, freedom, intimacy, and loneliness - were differentially associated with existential concerns, with enlightenment exhibiting the most existential benefits. Findings showed that existential well-being is dependent on emerging adults? quality of withdrawal experiences and ability to make constructive use of solitude.

The goal of the paper is the design of soft sensors for single input single output (SISO) nonlinear processes. This goal is of essential importance for process monitoring, fault detection and fault isolation. The observer‐based technique, being a fruitful direction in soft sensor design, is followed to develop soft sensors for nonlinear processes with known dynamics and unknown physical parameters. A new and general approach, based on the identified I/O linear approximant system descriptions, around prespecified operating points, and a bank of switching linear observers, will be developed. The system property of the I/O reconstructability of the state space linear approximant of a nonlinear model is presented. The design of each observer is based on the I/O measurements and structural characteristics of the nonlinear process. Observer‐oriented target areas are introduced, and the respective dense web principle is formulated. The design is completed by the design of a data‐driven rule‐based system, providing stepwise switching among the observers of the bank. The number of observers of the bank is equal to the number of the linear approximants of the nonlinear process model and is equal to the number of the respective target operating areas. The target operating areas are required to satisfy the dense web principle. The information provided by the soft sensor is the estimation of the non‐measured variables of the process. The information used by the soft sensor is the identified I/O approximants of the process as well as the real time values of the measurement variables. The efficiency of the design scheme is illustrated through symbolic and numerical simulation results for a chemostat. The nonlinear model of the chemostat is initially approximated by a set of ten linear approximants. After, the I/O approximants are identified, the respective observers are designed and the target operating areas are determined, where several cases of the satisfaction of the dense web principle are investigated. The soft sensor is composed in terms of the designed observers. Simulation results illustrate the satisfactory performance of the designed soft sensor.

Το 49ο Συνέδριο της Πανελλήνιας Ένωσης Φιλολόγων, με θέμα Κωνσταντίνος Θεοτόκης (1872 – 1923), ο λογοτέχνης, ο λόγιος, ο κοινωνικός στοχαστής, αφιερωμένο στη συμπλήρωση 100 χρόνων από το θάνατο του μεγάλου Επτανήσιου λογοτέχνη, πραγματοποιήθηκε με επιτυχία στις εγκαταστάσεις της Λεοντείου Σχολής (Νεϊγύ 17, Άνω Πατήσια) 2-4 Νοεμβρίου 2023. Στην διοργάνωση συνέπραξαν το Εργαστήριο Φιλοσοφίας & Τέχνης του Τμήματος Φιλοσοφίας του ΕΚΠΑ και η Εταιρεία Κερκυραϊκών Μελετών. Οι εισηγήσεις από 49 συνέδρους της δευτεροβάθμιας και τριτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης παρουσιάζουν αναλυτικά όλες τις πτυχές του πολύμορφου και τεράστιου σε όγκο και ποιότητα έργου του Θεοτόκη (λογοτεχνία, μετάφραση, φιλοσοφία) καθώς και πλευρές από τις ιδεολογικές του αναζητήσεις που καθόρισαν την εποχή του και κληροδότησαν στη σύγχρονη εκπαίδευση και λογοτεχνία έναν ανεκτίμητο πνευματικό θησαυρό. Οι εργασίες μεταδόθηκαν και καταγράφηκαν ψηφιακά ενώ η παρούσα έκδοση των πρακτικών με επιμέλεια της επιστημονικής του επιτροπής1* στοχεύει να αποτελέσει μοναδικό υλικό αναφοράς στον Κωνσταντίνο Θεοτόκη στη μελλοντική έρευνα για τους φοιτητές και εκπαιδευτικούς του αύριο. Όπως ανέφερε κατά την έναρξη του Συνεδρίου η ομότιμη καθηγήτρια Νεοελληνικής Φιλολογίας κ. Έρη Σταυροπούλου οριοθετώντας τα βασικά ερωτήματα προς διερεύνηση, «Η ζωή του Κωνσταντίνου Θεοτόκη (1872-1923) παρουσιάζει ορισμένα χαρακτηριστικά κοινά για την εποχή του και άλλα αρκετά ασυνήθιστα ή αντίθετα με τα προηγούμενα. Κερκυραίος αριστοκράτης, επωφελήθηκε αρχικά από όλα τα προνόμια που η καταγωγή του μπορούσε να του προσφέρει: σπουδές στο εξωτερικό, άεργη ζωή αφιερωμένη στη μελέτη και τη συγγραφή και ένας γάμος ανάλογος του τίτλου του. Λίγα χρόνια αργότερα όμως παραιτήθηκε από τον κληρονομικό τίτλο του και το 1914 εγκατέλειψε τον οικογενειακό πύργο στους Καρουσάδες. Ανάλογα η πνευματική του πορεία και το έργο του χαρακτηρίζονται από μια εντυπωσιακή εξέλιξη που περιλαμβάνει και αξιοσημείωτες στροφές: από την επιρροή του αισθητισμού, τη μελέτη νεκρών γλωσσών, τις περίτεχνες μεταφράσεις Βεδικών ύμνων, αποσπασμάτων του ινδικού έπους Μαχαμπαράτα, αρχαιοελληνικών και λατινικών κειμένων, τη χρησιμοποίηση θεμάτων ιστορικών (αρχαιοελληνικών ή μεσαιωνικών) ή μυθολογικών (αρχαιοελληνικών ή ινδικών), την επίδραση των νιτσεϊκών ιδεών και του γερμανικού ιδεαλισμού στη στροφή στον ρεαλισμό και τον νατουραλισμό, την ενασχόληση με την πεζογραφία της εντοπιότητας, τις μεταφράσεις έργων δυτικής λογοτεχνίας, κυρίως όμως την επιρροή από τις σοσιαλιστικές ιδέες. Τα ερωτήματα που προκύπτουν από αυτήν τη συνολική παρουσίαση του Κωνσταντίνου Θεοτόκη είναι σε ποιο βαθμό αυτή η πορεία του οφείλεται κυρίως στην ταραγμένη τόσο στην Ελλάδα όσο και στην ευρύτερη Ευρώπη εποχή του, σε ποιο βαθμό συμβάδισε με τους σύγχρονούς του λογοτέχνες, και σε ποιο βαθμό προηγήθηκε της εποχής του.» Όπως και το τριήμερο συνέδριο στην Λεόντειο Σχολή, και ο παρών τόμος που συμπεριλαμβάνει τις επίλεκτες γραπτές εισηγήσεις των συνέδρων αποτελεί ένα τιτάνιο έργο δημιουργικού μόχθου των μελών της ΠΕΦ συνεπικουρούμενης επιστημονικά και τεχνολογικά από το προσωπικό του Εργαστηρίου Φιλοσοφίας και Τέχνης του ΕΚΠΑ (διεύθ. Άννα Λάζου), σε μία ευεπίφορη προσπάθεια στήριξης της γόνιμης αλληλεπίδρασης του Πανεπιστημίου με την κοινωνία και το έργο των εκπαιδευτικών. Αθήνα 2024-2026

Workplace mobbing, bullying and sexual harassment are not new phenomena. There were always there. Nonetheless, the recent few years more studies have highlighted their significance for the well-being of the employees and the workplace. First and foremost, it is apparent to clarify the differences between mobbing, bullying and sexual harassment. In the first part of this paper, we are going to focus on workplace mobbing and bullying and in the second part on sexual harassment. The term workplace bullying is usually encountered more often than mobbing. The differences between the two, mainly represent the differences between two schools of thought: a) the British School, where the term workplace bullying prevails and b) the Scandinavian countries and Germany, where the term mobbing is more commonly used. Workplace bullying includes mobbing, that is the moral and emotional violation of another person, but it also expands to include the physical and sexual violation that derives from abuse of power. Workplace bullying refers to direct repeated aggressive behavior towards a person. This behavior results in the victim suffering psychological, physical, financial and/or sexual harassment. Mobbing is a more passive aggressive form of moral and emotional harassment that offends the dignity of an individual and may cause him/her emotional damage. Mobbing, or else, moral, and emotional harassment, has several consequences for the person exposed to this experience but furthermore for the workplace as well.

Problem definition: We consider pricing of services with strategic customers who have heterogeneous delay costs motivated by transportation systems. Customers are strategic decision makers who weigh the reward from the transport service against the waiting cost for the vehicle at a transportation station. Customers arrive at the station according to a Poisson process, and the vehicle visits the station according to a renewal process. We analyze the optimal price and the equilibrium for different levels of information available to customers. Methodology/results: We represent the service system as a stochastic clearing process, heterogeneity in delay cost as a random variable, and heterogeneity in rewards as a positive affine transformation of delay cost. For each information level, we identify the equilibrium behavior of customers and solve the revenue-maximization problem based on this equilibrium. The equilibrium turns out to be unique in each case, and it is of a threshold form in the sense that for each value of the information, it is best to join either for all types of customers, only for those who are sufficiently price sensitive, only for those who are sufficiently delay sensitive, or for none. The optimal fee is also unique in nontrivial cases. This enables us to perform comparisons across different information structures. Managerial implications: The effect of heterogeneity depends highly on model parameters as well as the available information. For a fixed fee, an increase in heterogeneity has a positive overall impact on the customer population, whereas the effect on the revenue can be positive (slow service at a high fee) or negative (fast service at a low fee). Unlike with fixed fee, for the optimal fee, an increase in heterogeneity can have a negative overall effect on customers. Ignoring heterogeneity can lead to a substantial opportunity loss for the system.

“What is Byzantium” in Greek school textbooks. From the “Greek Empire” to the caging between late antiquity and early modernity .“Byzantium”, as a technical term, was coined in France of Louis XIV to describe the based in Constantinople eastern region of the Roman state, which was gradually transformed into the initially Greek-speaking and gradually Greek medieval empire. As a historical period but also as an object of scientific research, Byzantium was a problem or raised concerns for the transition from the world of antiquity to the modern Hellenism and the new Greek state. Therefore, it caused embarrassment as to how it was displayed and examined in school textbooks. Along with the development of historiography but often with epistemological ambivalence, the Byzantine Empire was treated with reservations, fabricated prejudices and expediencies. At other times, an attempt was made to elevate the imperial grandeur, referring to Greek glory and splendour. At other times, its history was squeezed between the “overemphasized” late antiquity and the changes and achievements of Western European modernity, depriving Byzantinology of its independence as a scientific field and Byzantium of its characteristics as a distinct historical era. The study outlines this multifaceted approach in Greek school textbooks, and highlights its points, compatible or incompatible with the evolution of Byzantine studies at international and national level.

Standard electronic computing based on nanoelectronics and logic gates has upended our lives in a profound way. However, suffering from, both, Moore’s law and Joule’s law, further development of logic devices based solely on elec-tricity has gradually stuck in the mire. All-optical logic devices are believed to be a potential solution for such a problem. This work proposes an all-optical digital logical system (AODLS) based on unidirectional (one-way propagation) modes in the microwave regime. In a Y-shaped module of the AODLS, the basic seven logic gates, including OR, AND, NOT, NOR, NAND, XOR, and XNOR gates, are achieved for continuous broadband operation relying on the existence of unidi-rectional electromagnetic signals. Extremely large extinction and contrast ratios are found in these logic gates. The idea of “negative logic” is used in designing the AODLS. Moreover, the authors further demonstrate that the AODLS can be assembled to multi-input and/or multi-output logical functionalities, which is promising for parallel computation. Besides, numerical simulations perfectly fit with and corroborate the theoretical analyses presented here. The low-loss, broadband, and robust characteristics of this system are outlined and studied in some detail. The AODLS consisting of unidirectional structures may open a new route for all-optical calculation and integrated optical circuits.

Extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) is a hallmark of surface plasmons and a precursor to nanoplasmonics and metamaterials. However, to the best of our knowledge, this effect has never been topologically protected in three dimensions, leaving it vulnerable to structural imperfections, nonlocal effects, and backreflections. We report broadband, three-dimensional unidirectional structures that allow for EOT (normalized transmission > 1) through deep-subdiffractional single holes, immune to these deleterious effects. These structures avoid unnecessary propagation losses and achieve maximum transmission through a single hole, limited only by unavoidable dissipative losses. In the limit of vanishing losses, the transmission through a deep-subdiffractional hole can approach unity, significantly surpassing existing devices, and rivaling the performance of negative-index ‘perfect’ lenses. The topological stability of these structures renders them robust against surface roughness, defects, and nonlocality, without the need for elaborate meta-structures or tapering.

All-optical logic gates have been studied intensively owing to their potential to enable broadband, low-loss and high-speed communications. However, poor tunability has remained a key challenge in this field. In this work, we propose a Y-shaped structure composed of Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) layers that can serve as tunable all-optical logic gates, including, but not limited to, OR, AND and NOT gates, by applying external magnetic fields to magnetize the YIG layers. Our findings reveal that these logic gates are founded on protected one-way edge modes, where by tuning the wavenumber k of the operating mode to a sufficiently small (or even zero) value, the gates can become nearly immune to nonlocal effects. This not only enhances their reliability but also allows for maintaining extremely high precision in their operations. Furthermore, the operating band itself of the logic gates is also shown to be tunable. We introduce a straightforward and practical method for controlling and switching these gates between "work", "skip", and "stop" modes. These findings have potentially significant implications for the design of high-performance and robust all-optical microwave communication systems.

In the recent strategic queueing literature, there is a large number of papers that study the join-or-balk dilemma in queueing systems with server’s on-off periods, modeling vacations and failures. These studies consider the customers as discrete units and adopt the assumption that reneging is not permitted. In the present paper, we depart from this framework and study the effect of the reneging option in such systems. We consider the fluid on-off model of the basic queue with vacations/failures and study reneging vs. no-reneging when customers are strategic. We derive the equilibrium customer strategies and the corresponding performance measures of the system, and we use them to study the equilibrium throughput and social welfare. The main finding is that the existence of the reneging option is very beneficial for overloaded systems, i.e., for such systems balking alone is not sufficient to achieve good outcomes. On the contrary, for underloaded systems the reneging option is not particularly valuable.

This paper is about Pecyllus, a magistrate in 3rd c. AD Oxyrhynchus, whose dossier consists of several private and official documents as well as letters. After a brief description of Pecyllus’ social and financial situation, the paper focuses on his private letters, analysing how Pecyllus adapted the layout, palaeography and linguistic style of each of his letters according to the message, the addressee and situation. It argues that ancient letter writers were able to adapt the external appearance of their writings according to their relationship to the addressee and in order to increase the persuasiveness of their letters.

Context. Using data from eROSITA, the soft X-ray instrument aboard Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG), we report the discovery of two new hard transients, eRASSU J050810.4-660653 and eRASSt J044811.1-691318, in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We also report the detection of the Be/X-ray binary RX J0501.6-7034 in a bright state. Aims: We initiated follow-up observations to investigate the nature of the new transients and to search for X-ray pulsations coming from RX J0501.6-7034. Methods: We analysed the X-ray spectra and light curves from our XMM-Newton observations, obtained optical spectra using the South African Large Telescope to look for Balmer emission lines and utilised the archival data from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) for the long-term monitoring of the optical counterparts. Results: We find X-ray pulsations for eRASSU J050810.4-660653, RX J0501.6-7034, and eRASSt J044811.1-691318 of 40.6 s, 17.3 s, and 784 s, respectively. The Hα emission lines with equivalent widths of −10.4 Å (eRASSU J050810.4-660653) and −43.9 Å (eRASSt J044811.1-691318) were measured, characteristic for a circumstellar disc around Be stars. The OGLE I- and V-band light curves of all three systems exhibit strong variability. A regular pattern of deep dips in the light curves of RX J0501.6-7034 suggests an orbital period of ∼451 days. Conclusions: We identify the two new hard eROSITA transients eRASSU J050810.4-660653 and eRASSt J044811.1-691318 and the known Be/X-ray binary RX J0501.6-7034 as Be/X-ray binary pulsars.

A number of observations of astrophysical jets, at different scales, have shown that jets are often non-uniform outflows in their cross-section. Their structure is believed to play an important role in their overall stability. In this work, we combine analytical methods and numerical simulations to investigate the stability of non-uniform jets originating from active galactic nuclei. We adopt a standard 'spine and sheath' model, using a fast, light inner spine and a heavier, slower outer sheath. In the first part of this work, we conduct a linear stability analysis, finding the time-scales for the growth of the instabilities and the corresponding eigenfunctions. We focus on the nature of the physical processes that dominate and drive the destabilization of configurations. In the second part, we examine the evolution of the perturbed jets through relativistic 3D numerical simulations using the PLUTO code. Starting with the eigenfunctions found in the first part as initial conditions, we derive instability growth times and evolution which are in good agreement with the linear analysis.

The potential distribution in a MEMS capacitor with a thin dielectric film on the bottom electrode and under the presence of field emission leakage current is presented for the first time. The paper also demonstrated the build-up of dielectric charging during this process. The investigation is based on obtaining current-voltage characteristics in clockwise and counter clockwise loops and analyzing the transport mechanisms in MIM capacitors. Same procedure is applied to monitor the dielectric charging build-up during field emission in MEMS capacitors. The data of pristine current-voltage characteristics in both MIM and MEMS are used to determine the Voltage drops across the dielectric film and the gap as well as their dependence on the flowing current.

We report on Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER), Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) observations of the Be-X-ray binary pulsar 1A 0535+262 performed during its giant Type II outburst in 2020, which peaked at a 15-50keV flux of ~12Crab. From the Fermi GBM, NICER and NuSTAR measurements, we find the neutron star rotation period decreases from 103.622 ± 0.004 s to 103.24 ± 0.02 s, suggesting that it rapidly spins-up as the outburst progresses. The NICER and NuSTAR observations, which monitor the evolution of the spectral shape, show the 1-79 keV luminosity peaks at (1.354 ± 0.005)×1038 erg s-1, which is above the inferred critical luminosity of ~6.3×1037 erg s-1 in the accretion column. We find that the pulse profiles in each observation show a strong energy dependence as well as a strong dependence on luminosity. Emission lines from Fe Kα, Fe XXV Kα and Fe XXVI Kα are observed in the joint NICER and NuSTAR spectra. The line strengths are correlated with the 7.2- 10 keV unabsorbed continuum flux. The Fe fluorescent emission lines show no evidence of pulsations, which suggests that the size of the Fe fluorescent emission region is larger than the Alfv ́en radius. Even when the measured 1-79 keV luminosity is above the critical value, we find that the spectral shape hardens with increasing luminosity. The pulse-phase-averaged NuSTAR data show that the energy of the CRSF around ~45keV remains unchanged with respect to X-ray flux, but the line depth decreases with increasing X-ray flux. This may be a result of photon spawning.

We study the interactions over 22 years between one mathematics teacher and his resources for teaching, especially digital ones, with a dual focus on the teacher’s documentational and identity trajectories and professional development. We combined a theoretical framework on teachers’ work with resources  —documentational approach to didactics (DAD)— with a framework based on social practice theory—patterns of participation (PoP). The DAD analysis provided rich descriptions of which digital resources the teacher interacted with and of the transformative evolution of these interactions over time. The PoP analysis offered explanations of how and why the teacher transformed his interactions with the resources through foregrounding affective and contextual factors as significant for the teacher’s formation of identity. We conclude that the combination of the two frameworks provided deeper and complementary insights into the teacher’s long-term professional development with digital resources, and that such networking is needed to develop balanced understandings of teachers’ long-term interactions with digital resources.

This chapter critically presents and discusses the Ecumenical Patriarch's 2014 lecture on ‘Religion and Freedom’. The first part of the chapter argues that the Ecumenical Patriarch departs from previous dismissive views of Orthodox thinkers and church leaders about human rights and the location of religious freedom within it, by counter-proposing a personalist interpretation of libertarian freedom, compatible with the theological anthropology of the Orthodox Church. The Ecumenical Patriarch's view was given official expression at the Holy and Great Council of 2016. The second part of the chapter shows that religious freedom uncovers deep-rooted antinomies in the historical identity of the Orthodox Church as a religious community. The chapter concludes by arguing that the Orthodox Church has the intellectual resources to solve these antinomies through a process of critical self-reflection.

We provide a first principles derivation of the supersymmetric Casimir energy of N=1 SCFTs in four dimensions using the supercharge algebra on general conformal supergravity backgrounds that admit Killing spinors. The superconformal Ward identities imply that there exists a continuous family of conserved R-currents on supersymmetric backgrounds, as well as a continuous family of conserved currents for each conformal Killing vector. These continuous families interpolate between the consistent and covariant R-current and energy-momentum tensor. The resulting Casimir energy, therefore, depends on two continuous parameters corresponding to the choice of conserved currents used to define the energy and R-charge. This ambiguity is in addition to any possible scheme dependence due to local terms in the effective action. As an application, we evaluate the general expression for the supersymmetric Casimir energy we obtain on a family of backgrounds with the cylinder topology R×S3R×S3 and admitting two supercharges of opposite R-charge. Our result is a direct consequence of the supersymmetry algebra, yet it resembles more known expressions for the non-supersymmetric Casimir energy on such backgrounds and differs from the supersymmetric Casimir energy obtained from the zero temperature limit of supersymmetric partition functions. We defer a thorough analysis of the relation between these results to future work.

Open laboratories (OpenLabs) in Cultural Heritage institutions are an effective way to provide visibility into the behind-the-scenes processes and promote documentation data collected and produced by domain specialists. However, presenting these processes without proper explanation or communication with specialists may cause issues in terms of visitors’ understanding. To support OpenLabs and disseminate information, digital media and efficient data management can be utilized. The CAnTi (Conservation of Ancient Tiryns) project seeks to design and implement virtual and mixed reality applications that visualize conservation and restoration data, supporting OpenLab operations at the Acropolis of Ancient Tiryns. Semantic Web technologies will be used to model the digital content, facilitating organization and interoperability with external sources in the future. These applications will be part of the OpenLab activities on the site, enhancing visitors’ experiences and understanding of current and past conservation and restoration practices.

BACKGROUND: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is rare but aggressive. The extent of surgical intervention for different GBC stages is non-uniform, ranging from cholecystectomy alone to extended resections including major hepatectomy, resection of adjacent organs and routine extrahepatic bile duct resection (EBDR). Robust evidence here is lacking, however, and survival benefit poorly defined. This study assesses factors associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS) and morbidity and mortality following GBC surgery in high income countries (HIC) and low and middle income countries (LMIC). METHODS: The multicentre, retrospective Operative Management of Gallbladder Cancer (OMEGA) cohort study included all patients who underwent GBC resection across 133 centres between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2020. Regression analyses assessed factors associated with OS, RFS and morbidity. FINDINGS: On multivariable analysis of all 3676 patients, wedge resection and segment IVb/V resection failed to improve RFS (HR 1.04 [0.84-1.29], p = 0.711 and HR 1.18 [0.95-1.46], p = 0.13 respectively) or OS (HR 0.96 [0.79-1.17], p = 0.67 and HR 1.48 [1.16-1.88], p = 0.49 respectively), while major hepatectomy was associated with worse RFS (HR 1.33 [1.02-1.74], p = 0.037) and OS (HR 1.26 [1.03-1.53], p = 0.022). Furthermore, EBDR (OR 2.86 [2.3-3.52], p < 0.0010), resection of additional organs (OR 2.22 [1.62-3.02], p < 0.0010) and major hepatectomy (OR 3.81 [2.55-5.73], p < 0.0010) were all associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Compared to LMIC, patients in HIC were associated with poorer RFS (HR 1.18 [1.02-1.37], p = 0.031) but not OS (HR 1.05 [0.91-1.22], p = 0.48). Adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatments were infrequently used. INTERPRETATION: In this large, multicentre analysis of GBC surgical outcomes, liver resection was not conclusively associated with improved survival, and extended resections were associated with greater morbidity and mortality without oncological benefit. Aggressive upfront resections do not benefit higher stage GBC, and international collaborations are needed to develop evidence-based neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies to minimise surgical morbidity and prioritise prognostic benefit. FUNDING: Cambridge Hepatopancreatobiliary Department Research Fund.

The research field of digital storytelling is cross-disciplinary and extremely wide. In this paper, methods, frameworks, and tools that have been created for authoring and presenting digital narratives, are selected and examined among hundreds of works. The basic criterion for selecting these works has been their ability to create content by computational, emergent methods. By delving into the work of many researchers, the objective is to study current trends in this research field and discuss possible future directions. Most of the relevant tools and methods have been designed with a specific purpose in mind, but their use could be expanded to other areas of interest or could at least be the steppingstone for other ideas. Therefore, the following works show elements of computational and emergent narrative creation and a classification is proposed according to their purpose of existence. Finally, new potential research directions in the field are identified and possible future research steps are discussed.

Using techniques from TRO equivalence of masa bimodules we prove various transference results: We show that when α is a group homomorphism which pushes forward the Haar measure of G to a measure absolutely continuous with respect to the Haar measure on H, then (α×α)−1 preserves sets of compact operator synthesis, and conversely when α is onto. We also prove similar preservation results for operator Ditkin sets and operator M-sets, obtaining preservation results for M-sets as corollaries. Some of these results extend or complement existing results of Ludwig, Shulman, Todorov and Turowska.

Many studies have assessed students’ motivation through surveys, but only a few studies systematically investigated through students’ own words the reasons and aims of their achievement striving. In the present study, we rely on the Goal Complex Perspective (Sommet and Elliot in J Educ Psychol 109(8):1141–1162, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000199; Vansteenkiste et al. in Educ Psychol 49(3):153–174, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2014.928598) to uncover qualitative differences in achievement motivation. Content analysis of 1303 statements made by 597 Greek secondary students revealed (i) more autonomous motivation than controlled motivation statements, (ii) spontaneously generated statements of mastery-learning and outcome goals but rarely of performance-normative goals, (iii) mastery-learning goals being coupled with both autonomous and controlled motivation, providing ecological support for the conceptualization of mastery goal complexes. Logistic regression analyses verified our classification, as students’ statements were predicted by corresponding types of motivation assessed by close, Likert-type questions. These findings, which align with the Goal Complex Perspective, are discussed in terms of the operational definition of autonomous and controlled motivation and achievement goals.

 ©       Καμπερίδου, Ειρήνη (2023). Οι μαρτυρίες μιας Γαλλίδας εθελόντριας στην προκυμαία της Σμύρνης: «Το τέλος ενός πολιτισμού ή ο θάνατος της Σμύρνης». Εισήγηση στο Διεθνές Συνέδριο “Η Σμύρνη ως σύμβολο: από τον 19ο αιώνα έως τον Σεπτέμβριο του 1922”,   12/5/2023. Διοργάνωση: Τμήμα Τουρκικών Σπουδών και Σύγχρονων Ασιατικών Σπουδών του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου, Αθήνα, 12-14 Μαΐου 2023. https://hub.uoa.gr/smyrna-as-a-symbol-international-conference/-----------------------------------------------------------------Watch on YouTube/ παρακολουθήστε στο YouTube/ του ΕΚΠΑ: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ziV28Va5FwI&list=PLPzInO4nqiMvnS3InhxUvb0tO2BTEE3fY&index=4&t=2067s  Η μελέτη αυτή επικεντρώνεται στις μαρτυρίες της Γαλλίδας εθελόντριας Mme Jean Antoniades (1925) η οποία προσέφερε τις υπηρεσίες της σε πέντε νοσοκομεία της Σμύρνης. Στο έργο της "La fin d'une civilisation ou la mort de Smyrne" περιγράφει με παραστατικό τρόπο την καταστροφή της πόλης. Στην πρώτη ενότητα ακολουθώντας τις γυναικείες μαρτυρίες του 19ου αιώνα στην Οθωμανική επικράτεια, διαπιστώνουμε τον εκρηκτικό και ανεξέλεγκτο τρόπο που εκδηλώνονται τα φαινόμενα βίας και κοινωνικού ρατσισμού. Η σφαγή της Σμύρνης και η πυρπόληση της πόλης, δεν ήταν αποτέλεσμα μιας απροσδόκητης πολιτικής του 20ου αιώνα. Αυτό τεκμηριώνεται ήδη από τις μαρτυρίες μεγάλου αριθμού δυτικών περιηγητριών του 19ου αιώνα, οι οποίες έζησαν, εργάστηκαν ή επισκέφτηκαν τη Σμύρνη. Στις περιγραφές τους επισημαίνεται ο κοσμοπολίτικος και πολυπολιτισμικός χαρακτήρας της πόλης και εκθειάζεται η ευμάρεια και το εμπορικό πνεύμα των Ελλήνων, των Εβραίων και των Αρμενίων. Αναφέρονται στα χαρέμια, τα  γυναικεία επαγγέλματα, τα παζάρια, το εμπόριο του καφέ, το φορολογικό σύστημα, τις θρησκευτικές-πολιτιστικές συγκρούσεις και το σκλαβοπάζαρο και διαπιστώνουν ότι επωλούντο  γυναίκες διαφόρων εθνικοτήτων. Όπως επισημαίνουν η πλειονότητα των γυναικών στο σκλαβοπάζαρο της Σμύρνης, ειδικά το 1816 και το 1822, ήταν Ελληνίδες, ορισμένες από τις οποίες, είχαν προσφερθεί ως δώρα στον σουλτάνο Μαχμούτ Β'. Αποκαλυπτικές είναι επίσης και οι γυναικείες μαρτυρίες των αρχών του 20ου αιώνα, που εξετάζονται στη δεύτερη ενότητα, όπως εκείνες για την καταστροφή της Σμύρνης, και ειδικά της Γαλλίδας εθελόντριας Mme Jean Antoniades, η οποία επιβιβάστηκε στο πλωτό-νοσοκομείο Αμφιτρίτη, στο οποίο είχαν βρει καταφύγιο 900 άτομα ενώ η χωρητικότητα ήταν μόνο για 200.------------------------------------------------------------------------Επίσης, βλ.: Χιλιάδες φιλελληνίδες και λόγιες γυναίκες στην επαναστατημένη Ελλάδα: Οι περι ελληνισμού αντιλήψεις των περιηγητριών https://hub.uoa.gr/interview-kamberidou/  

Auf der Grundlage aktueller Erkenntnisse der Identitäts- und Erinnerungsforschung soll in dieser Studie die Rolle von Erinnerung und Identität im dramatischen Spätwerk Thomas Bernhards am Beispiel des Stücks Vor dem Ruhestand diskutiert werden. In Vor dem Ruhestand tritt Bernhard in einen provokanten Dialog mit den Erinnerungen seines Publikums. Er untersucht die deutsche Erinnerungskultur und entdeckt das Fortbestehen des nationalsozialistischen Gedankenguts in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Auf groteske oder tragikomische Weise thematisiert das Stück die fehlende Vergangenheitsbewältigung und die Amnesie großer Teile der Bevölkerung sowie die identitätsstiftende Rolle von verzerrten und selektiven Bildern der Vergangenheit, die von Generation zu Generation transportiert werden. Bernhards Auseinandersetzung mit den Erinnerungspathologien der "deutschen Seele" hat einen eminent politischen Tenor, dennoch geht es ihm nicht um eine Veränderung der Gesellschaft, um das Aufzeigen von Alternativen. Es geht ihm um die Wahrheit, um die Aufdeckung der Wahrheit als Schock, als Akt des Widerstands und als mögliche Quelle der Hoffnung, aber auch als conditio sine qua non der Vergangenheitsbewältigung und damit der Subjektwerdung des Menschen.

It is well known that minimum-cost portfolio insurance (MPI) is an essential investment strategy. This article presents a time-varying version of the original static MPI problem, which is thus more realistic. Then, to solve it efficiently, we propose a powerful recurrent neural network called the linear-variational-inequality primal-dual neural network (LVI-PDNN). By doing so, we overcome the drawbacks of the static approach and propose an online solution. In order to improve the performance of the standard LVI-PDNN model, an adaptive fuzzy-power LVI-PDNN (F-LVI-PDNN) model is also introduced and studied. This model combines the fuzzy control technique with LVI-PDNN. Numerical experiments and computer simulations confirm the F-LVI-PDNN model’s superiority over the LVI-PDNN model and show that our approach is a splendid option to accustomed MATLAB procedures.

The computation of the time-varying matrix pseudoinverse has become crucial in recent years for solving time-varying problems in engineering and science domains. This paper investigates the issue of calculating the time-varying pseudoinverse based on full-rank decomposition (FRD) using the zeroing neural network (ZNN) method, which is currently considered to be a cutting edge method for calculating the time-varying matrix pseudoinverse. As a consequence, for the first time in the literature, a new ZNN model called ZNNFRDP is introduced for time-varying pseudoinversion and it is based on FRD. FourFive numerical experiments investigate and confirm that the ZNNFRDP model performs as well as, if not better than, other well-performing ZNN models in the calculation of the time-varying pseudoinverse. Additionally, theoretical analysis and numerical findings have both supported the effectiveness of the proposed model.

The efficient solution of the time-varying quaternion matrix inverse (TVQ-INV) is a challenging but crucial topic due to the significance of quaternions in many disciplines, including physics, engineering, and computer science. The main goal of this research is to employ the higher-order zeroing neural network (HZNN) strategy to address the TVQ-INV problem. HZNN is a family of zeroing neural network models that correlates to the hyperpower family of iterative methods with adjustable convergence order. Particularly, three novel HZNN models are created in order to solve the TVQ-INV both directly in the quaternion domain and indirectly in the complex and real domains. The noise-handling version of these models is also presented, and the performance of these models under various types of noises is theoretically and numerically tested. The effectiveness and practicality of these models are further supported by their use in robotic motion tracking. According to the principal results, each of these six models can solve the TVQ-INV effectively, and the HZNN strategy offers a faster convergence rate than the conventional zeroing neural network strategy.

INTRODUCTION: Despite recent advances in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) management, the highly heterogenous histological/molecular tumour background and patients' treatment response obstructs personalised prognosis and therapeutics. Herein, we have studied the role and clinical utility of the novel subclass of tRNA-derived small RNA fragments emerging via 3'-trailer processing of pre-tRNAs (3'U-tRFs) in EOC. METHODS: SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells were used for in vitro study. Following transfection, cell growth and migration were assessed by CCK8 and wound healing assays, respectively. 3'U-tRFs levels were assessed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), following 3'-end RNA polyadenylation. A screening (OVCAD, n = 100) and institutionally independent validation (TU Munich, n = 103) cohorts were employed for survival analysis using disease progression and patients' death as clinical end-points. Bootstrap analysis was performed for internal validation, and decision curve analysis was used to evaluate clinical benefit on disease prognosis. RESULTS: Following primary clinical assessment, target prediction and gene ontology analyses, the 3'U-tRF(ValCAC) (derived from pre-tRNA(ValCAC)) was highlighted to regulate cell proliferation and adhesion, and to correlate with inferior patients' outcome. 3'U-tRF(ValCAC) transfection of SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells resulted in significantly increased cell growth and migration, in a dose-dependent manner. Elevated tumour 3'U-tRF(ValCAC) levels were associated with significantly higher risk for early progression and worse survival following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, independently of patients' clinicopathological data, chemotherapy response, and residual tumour. Interestingly, 3'U-tRF(ValCAC)-fitted multivariate models improved risk stratification and provided superior clinical net benefit in prediction of treatment outcome compared to disease established markers. CONCLUSIONS: 3'U-tRF(ValCAC) promotes tumour cell growth and migration and supports modern risk stratification and prognosis in EOC.

Without a doubt the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has been gaining attention over the last years. With the deployment of low cost sensors, a plethora of information is made available, giving rise to intelligent systems that combine data from multiple sources. Multiple IoT platforms have been developed to support different application domains such as smart cities, health, industry 4.0, etc. However, the vertical focus and usually isolated development of such platforms pose difficulties in offering cross-domain smart applications to meet society's needs. To this end, interoperability frameworks have emerged to allow the interplay of different platforms as well as the formation of federations among the entities contributing IoT devices through such platforms. The decentralized nature of IoT data federations presents challenges when it comes to their management and governance, particularly in ensuring fairness, security, trustworthiness and transparency among its members. However, permissioned blockchain-based solutions hold significant potential in addressing these issues due to their inherent characteristics. In this work, we propose a blockchain solution based on the Hyperledger Fabric for the decentralized management of IoT federations and their gover-nance by utilizing voting-based configurable rules that abide to the concept of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs). The solution includes smart contracts for the secure creation and management of federations exposed through APIs, as well as a voting application for enabling the DAO dynamic. Our solution demonstrates a secure, trustworthy and transparent way for the formation and membership control of IoT federations, that holds potential for extension with smart contracts related to data marketplace, as well as reputation and tokenization mechanisms.

In this work we demonstrate a two-pixel solid-state photoluminescent device able to emit white light covering the entire visible spectrum from 380nm up to 800nm. The device is based on a combination of porous Si, hydrothermally grown ZnO and carbon quantum dots, in a two-pixel formation, with porous Si and ZnO acting independently while the carbon quantum dots are deposited on top of the entire device. All processing is done using standard Si processing techniques. Moreover, the device design allows for tunability of the emitted spectrum simply by choosing the desired combination of the materials. Overall, the demonstrated device is low cost, environmentally safe and biocompatible.&#xD;

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in men, and it contributes significantly to the increased mortality rate in men worldwide. This study aimed to review the roles of p300 and TMPRSS2 (transmembrane protease, serine 2) in the AR (androgen receptor) pathway as they are closely related to the development and progression of prostate cancer. This paper represents a library-based study conducted by selecting the most suitable, up-to-date scientific published articles from online journals. We focused on articles that use similar techniques, particularly those that use prostate cancer cell lines and immunohistochemical staining to study the molecular impact of p300 and TMPRSS2 in prostate cancer specimens. The TMPRSS2:ERG fusion is considered relevant to prostate cancer, but its association with the development and progression as well as its clinical significance have not been fully elucidated. On the other hand, high p300 levels in prostate cancer biopsies predict larger tumor volumes, extraprostatic extension of disease, and seminal vesicle involvement at prostatectomy, and may be associated with prostate cancer progression after surgery. The inhibition of p300 has been shown to reduce the proliferation of prostate cancer cells with TMPRSS2:ETS (E26 transformation-specific) fusions, and combining p300 inhibitors with other targeted therapies may increase their efficacy. Overall, the interplay between the p300 and TMPRSS2 pathways is an active area of research

This study presents a comprehensive overview of Greece's geomorphology at a 1:1,000,000 scale, aiming to integrate and interpret the geological and geomorphological factors responsible for the formation and evolution of its landscape. It represents a pioneering cartographic synthesis, bringing together diverse data sources and employing semi-automated GIS techniques. The production of the geomorphological map relied on an extensive literature review of previous studies covering Greece's terrestrial and coastal areas at varying scales. Leveraging high-resolution topography provided by the Hellenic Cadastre and the 1:50,000-scale geological maps from the Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration of Greece, a spatial geodatabase was established. Several secondary layers, including hillshade, slope-aspect, and red relief image maps, were combined with Google Earth Imagery to delineate landforms across the entire Greek territory. The resulting map offers a comprehensive depiction of landforms originating from both endogenic and exogenic processes. It encompasses structural landforms, fluvial erosional and depositional features, gravity-induced landforms, coastal, karst, volcanic, glacial and periglacial landforms, as well as anthropogenic elements.Additionally, accompanying maps and tables provide essential topographic parameters, geotectonic context, and climatic characteristics. The findings underscore the heterogeneity of Greece's geomorphological environments, shaped primarily by active tectonics and exogenic processes. The map serves as a valuable tool for stakeholders involved in land management, offering crucial insights for informed decision-making. Furthermore, it provides a solid foundation for interdisciplinary research, facilitating investigations spanning fields such as geology, geography, environmental sciences, and more. Overall, this comprehensive geomorphological map represents the latest advancements in the study of Greece's landscape.With its wealth of information and its interdisciplinary relevance, it serves as a vital reference for researchers, educators, and practitioners, fostering a deeper understanding of Greece's dynamic landforms and supporting sustainable land management practices.

Transporters mediate the uptake of solutes, metabolites and drugs across the cell membrane. The eukaryotic FurE nucleobase/H symporter of Aspergillus nidulans has been used as a model protein to address structure-function relationships in the APC transporter superfamily, members of which are characterized by the LeuT-fold and seem to operate by the so-called 'rocking-bundle' mechanism. In this study, we reveal the binding mode, translocation and release pathway of uracil/H by FurE using path collective variable, funnel metadynamics and rational mutational analysis. Our study reveals a stepwise, induced-fit, mechanism of ordered sequential transport of proton and uracil, which in turn suggests that FurE, functions as a multi-step gated pore, rather than employing 'rocking' of compact domains, as often proposed for APC transporters. Finally, our work supports that specific residues of the cytoplasmic N-tail are involved in substrate translocation, in line with their essentiality for FurE function.

Extreme weather events can trigger various hydrogeomorphic phenomena and processes including slope failures. These shallow instabilities are difficult to monitor and measure due to the spatial and temporal scales in which they occur. New technologies such as unmanned aerial systems (UAS), photogrammetry and the structure-from-motion (SfM) technique have recently demonstrated capabilities useful in performing accurate terrain observations that have the potential to provide insights into these geomorphic processes. This study explores the use of UAS-aided photogrammetry and change detection, using specialized techniques such as the digital elevation model (DEM) of differences (DoD) and cloud-to-cloud distance (C2C) to monitor and quantify geomorphic changes before and after an extreme medicane event in Myrtos, a highly visited touristic site on Cephalonia Island, Greece. The application demonstrates that the combination of UAS with photogrammetry allows accurate delineation of instabilities, volumetric estimates of morphometric changes, insights into erosion and deposition processes and the delineation of higher-risk areas in a rapid, safe and practical way. Overall, the study illustrates that the combination of tools facilitates continuous monitoring and provides key insights into geomorphic processes that are otherwise difficult to observe. Through this deeper understanding, this approach can be a stepping stone to risk management of this type of highly-visited sites, which in turn is a key ingredient to sustainable development in high-risk areas.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of evidence regarding the effectiveness of virtual simulators as a means to acquire hands-on exposure to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The present study aimed to assess the outcome and construct validity of virtual ERCP when training on the GI II Mentor simulator. METHODS: A group of seven experienced endoscopists were compared with 31 novices. After a short introduction, they were requested to carry out three virtual ERCP procedures: diagnosing and removing a common bile duct (CBD) stone; diagnosing and taking brush cytology from a hilar stenosis; and, finally, diagnosing and treating a cystic leakage with a BD stent. For each task, the total time required to complete the task, time required to correctly view the papilla, total time of irradiation, time to deep cannulation, time to define diagnosis, time to complete sphincterotomy, and time to complete the respective intervention were measured. Cannulation of the BD, correct diagnosis, sphincterotomy, and time to complete intervention were assessed by an assessor blinded to the status of the endoscopist who performed the virtual ERCP. RESULTS: The time required to visualize the papilla and to cannulate deeply when removing the BD stone was significantly shorter for the experts (both  < 0.05). The time to visualize the papilla, cannulate deeply, reach a diagnosis, complete sphincterotomy, and complete the intervention was significantly shorter for the experts when managing cystic leakage (all  < 0.05). In diagnosing and taking brush cytology from a hilar stenosis, there was only a trend toward the experts needing less time for the deep cannulation of the BD ( = 0.077). CONCLUSION: The performance differed between experts and novices, especially in the management of cystic leakage. This corroborates the construct validity of the GI II Mentor simulator.

The Gulf of Corinth is a semi-isolated basin in central Greece interrupting the Pindus Mountain Range, which nowadays is a biodiversity hotspot. Considering its key location, deep drilling was carried out within the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP; Expedition 381: Corinth Active Rift Development) aiming to improve our understanding of climatic and environmental evolution in the region. Here, we present a new long pollen record from a Mediterranean setting in the southernmost tip of the Balkan Peninsula recording the vegetation succession within the Quaternary. The Corinth pollen record shows no major shifts in arboreal pollen between glacial and interglacial intervals, while Mediterranean and mesophilous taxa remain abundant throughout the study interval. During interglacials, the most frequent reconstructed biomes are cool mixed evergreen needleleaf (CMIX) and deciduous broadleaf forests (DBWB), while graminoid with forb (GRAM) and xerophytic shrubs (XSHB) dominate within glacials. Our findings support the hypothesis that the study area was a significant refugium, providing suitable habitats for Mediterranean, mesophilous and montane trees during successive Quaternary climate cycles.

Although the scientific community, particularly academic publishing, claims to be gender-neutral and based on meritocracy, it mirrors other parts of modern society, wherein residual gender imbalances and implicit and explicit gender biases are reproduced. In this report, we address gender imbalances (in particular, the overrepresentation of men) in the editorial workforce of academic journals as barriers to women's promotion and career progression in addiction science. We also consider potential gender-related elements and biases in the peer-review and editorial decision-making processes, which may result in women's lower publication rates, thereby creating another gender-related barrier to women's promotion, career progression and academic recognition. Establishing a more balanced gender representation in addiction publishing will require the adoption of the SAGER guidelines and the development of Gender Equality Plans for addiction specialty journals. Finally, although our focus concerns gender, the organisational mechanisms identified here also affect other types of heterogeneity and intersectional thinking.

BACKGROUND: For years, physical activity (PA) has been considered a mixed blessing in terms of the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF). Previous analyses have had equivocal results regarding the cut-off of PA level beyond which AF risk increases, if such a limit really does exist. Data regarding females in particular have been scarce. METHODS: We performed a dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between weekly PA and the risk for AF in females. Major electronic databases were searched for studies assessing the association between leisure time PA and the risk for incident AF in females from the general population. The linearity of the dose-response curve was assessed using the restricted cubic spline model. RESULTS: A total of 15 studies, which involved 1,821,422 females, were included in the final analysis. AF incidence was 3.7%. Dose-response analysis revealed an inverse nonlinear relationship between weekly PA and the risk for incident AF (p for linearity <0.0001). No significant heterogeneity was documented (I = 37%). Cautious interpretation is needed for PA exceeding 50 metabolic equivalents of task- hours per week (METs- h/w), due to limited available data for these high levels of PA. CONCLUSION: According to this analysis, physicians can safely advise females to perform up to 50METs- h/w of moderate or vigorous PA, to reduce the risk for future AF. Interestingly, significant benefit can be attained even at low levels of regular weekly PA.

Research has shown that teachers’ autonomy support and provision of structure relate to students’ agentic and behavioral engagement. Moreover, agentic engagement elicits higher teacher autonomy support. In the present 5-week diary study, we investigated the dynamic nature of this interplay between teachers and students through their cross-assessment of students’ agentic and behavioral engagement. We also considered the week-to-week student-reported teacher autonomy support and provision of structure as well as two student personal characteristics — proactive personality and situational autonomous versus controlled motivation. Two hundred fifty-seven Turkish middle school students and their teachers from 13 classes participated in the study. Multilevel analyses showed that students’ week-to-week perceived autonomy support and initial level of autonomous motivation positively predicted week-to-week agentic engagement (teacher- and student-reported). Students’ week-to-week perceived structure positively predicted week-to-week agentic and behavioral engagement (student-, but not teacher-, reported). These findings indicate the interplay between students’ situational engagement and teachers’ situational motivating style (i.e., autonomy support and provision of structure). They also suggest greater predictive power for students’ situational motivation over the personal trait of proactive personality. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

CONTENT & KEYWORDS: Gender; Visibility; Agency; Philhellenic movement; Greek revolution; Ottoman society; Osmanli society; Ottoman Empire; Orientalism; Multiethnic-multiracial harem slavery institution; Children’s harem; Women’s travel literature; Female accounts; Women travelers of the 17th, 18th, 19th centuries; Travel writing; Multiethnic synthesis of the Ottoman household; Military slavery; Child slavery; Islamization;  Obesity – fat considered beautiful; Deviations from Islamic traditions-sultans dancing; Greek music and songs in the harems; the Sultan’s Harem; Women and children of different nations; Eunuchs; Spaces for interacting, sharing  and bonding; Identification with the ‘OTHER’; Muslim women (free and slave);  Islamized slaves: Muslim women’s  legal and social rights; Divorce; Marriage, Adoption; Dance and physical activity, a symbol of social inferiority; The Body in Ottoman society; Discourse on Orientalism and the Greek Element; Womanity in the yoke of the harem: European women travel writers, authors and journalists of the 17th, 18th , 19th and early 20th centuries; the East in the eyes of women travelers; Women as agents of change; Harem inmates escape the harems;  Gender, Volunteerism and Military Hospitals: War Nurses, Educators and Philanthropists of the Nineteenth-Century, and so forth.

Centaurus A is one of the closest radio galaxies to Earth. Its proximity allowed us to extensively study its active galactic nucleus but the core emission mechanism remains elusive because of local strong dust and gas obscuration. The capability of polarimetry to shave-off contaminating emission has been exploited without success in the near-infrared by previous studies but the very recent measurement of the 2-8 keV polarization by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) brought the question back to the fore. To determine what is the prevalent photon generation mechanism to the multiwavelength emission from the core of Centaurus A, we retrieved from the archives the panchromatic polarization measurements of the central compact component. We built the total and polarized flux spectral energy distributions of the core and demonstrated that synchrotron self-Compton models nicely fit the polarized flux from the radio to the X-ray band. The linear polarization of the synchrotron continuum is perpendicular to the jet radio axis from the optical to the radio band, and parallel to it at higher energies. The observed smooth rotation of the polarization angle in the ultraviolet band is attributed to synchrotron emission from regions that are getting closer to the particle acceleration site, where the orientation of the jet's magnetic fields become perpendicular to the jet axis. This phenomenon support the shock acceleration mechanism for particle acceleration in Centaurus A, in line with IXPE observations of several high-synchrotron peak blazars.

This paper presents a dynamic model based on neutrosophic numbers and a neutrosophic logic engine. The introduced neutrosophic logic/fuzzy adaptive Zeroing Neural Network dynamic is termed NSFZNN and represents an improvement over the traditional Zeroing Neural Network (ZNN) design. The model aims to calculate the matrix pseudo-inverse and the minimum-norm least-squares solutions of time-varying linear systems. The improvement of the proposed model emerges from the advantages of neutrosophic logic over fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy logic in solving complex problems associated with predictions, vagueness, uncertainty, and imprecision. We use neutrosphication, de-fuzzification, and de-neutrosophication instead of fuzzification and de-fuzzification exploited so far. The basic idea is based on the known advantages of neutrosophic systems compared to fuzzy systems. Simulation examples and engineering applications on localization problems and electrical networks are presented to test the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed dynamical system.

Εισαγωγή: Tο διδακτικό αντικείμενο της Φυσικής Αγωγής στο σχολείο αποτελεί σημαντικό τομέα ενός πλήρους και σφαιρικού εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος και, ταυτόχρονα, επιδρά θετικά στη δια βίου προαγωγή της καλής υγείας και ευεξίας των μαθητών και των μαθητριών. Ωστόσο, από την παγκόσμια βιβλιογραφία έχει τεκμηριωθεί η μικρότερη συμμετοχή των έφηβων μαθητριών στο μάθημα της ΦΑ σε σχέση με τους έφηβους μαθητές (1) και η μείωση αυτή παρατηρείται ήδη με την έναρξη της εφηβείας. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας, η οποία αποτελεί μέρος μεταπτυχιακής έρευνας και διατριβής, είναι να διερευνήσει και να αναδείξει τους παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν θετικά ή αρνητικά τη συμμετοχή των μαθητριών Γ΄ Γυμνασίου στο διδακτικό αντικείμενο της Φυσικής Αγωγής, σύμφωνα με τις ίδιες τις μαθήτριες. Μέθοδος: Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν, μεταξύ άλλων, δεκαεννέα μαθήτριες Γ΄ Γυμνασίου που φοίτησαν σε Γυμνάσιο της Ανατολικής Αττικής, κατά τα σχολικά έτη 2021-22 και 2022-23. Η συλλογή των δεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε μέσω συνεντεύξεων σε ομάδες εστιασμένης συζήτησης (focus groups). Σχηματίστηκαν τρεις ομάδες των πέντε μαθητριών και μία ομάδα των τεσσάρων. Πραγματοποιήθηκαν δύο συνεντεύξεις με κάθε ομάδα διάρκειας περίπου 30΄ η κάθε μία. Αποτελέσματα: Οι παράγοντες που περιορίζουν ή αναστέλλουν τη συμμετοχή των έφηβων μαθητριών μπορεί να είναι ατομικοί (μεταβολή προτεραιοτήτων, έλλειψη δεξιοτήτων, ανταγωνιστικό κλίμα, εικόνα σώματος), κοινωνικοί [οικογένεια, φίλοι, συνομήλικοι/έμφυλα στερεότυπα (2)] ή περιβαλλοντικοί (είδος δραστηριοτήτων, αθλητικές εγκαταστάσεις, εκπαιδευτική πολιτική). Ως υποστηρικτικοί παράγοντες θεωρούνται (μεταξύ άλλων) η ποικιλία δραστηριοτήτων και η δυνατότητα επιλογής, η άσκηση με φίλους, η απουσία ανταγωνισμού. Συζήτηση/Συμπεράσματα: Ο εντοπισμός και η ιεράρχηση των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν θετικά ή αρνητικά τη συμμετοχή των έφηβων κοριτσιών στη Φυσική Αγωγή καθίσταται αναγκαίος και επιτακτικός προκειμένου να σχεδιαστούν κατάλληλες παρεμβάσεις για την αύξηση της συμμετοχής και την προώθηση της υγιούς ανάπτυξής τους.   Βιβλιογραφία

1. Gruno, J., & Gibbons, S. L. (2021). Using discussion to inform action: Formative research on nature-based physical activity as a means of fostering relatedness for girls in physical and health education. European Physical Education Review, 27(4), 743-760.
2. Καμπερίδου, Ε. (2012). Κοινωνικό Φύλο, Κοινωνικό Κεφάλαιο, Πολυπολιτισμικότητα και Αθλητισμός. Εκδόσεις Τελέθριο, Α. Πιπέρης & ΣΙΑ ΕΕ. 

 

Με αφορμή τη συμπλήρωση 35 χρόνων λειτουργίας του, το Τμήμα Εκπαίδευσης και Αγωγής στην Προσχολική Ηλικία οργάνωσε ημερίδα με θέμα: "ΤΕΑΠΗ 1984-2023: αναπτύσσοντας το διεπιστημονικό πεδίο της εκπαίδευσης των εκπαιδευτικών". Στην ημερίδα, παρουσίασα εισήγηση στην οποία περιγράφεται η εμπειρία της διδασκαλίας ενός εισαγωγικού μαθήματος Βιολογίας, το οποίο η Θεωρία τξς Εξέλιξης μέσω Φυσικής Επιλογής συνιστά τη βάση ή το Παράδειγμα πάνω στο οποίο δομείται το μάθημα.

Στο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η έρευνα που έγινε στο πλαίσιο της συγκέντρωσης δεδομένων σχετικά με την επιμόρφωση των Συντονιστών Εκπαιδευτικού Έργου (ΣΕΕ) Νηπιαγωγών και Εκπαιδευτικών Αγγλικής Γλώσσας κατά την εφαρμογή του Προγράμματος «Εισαγωγή της Αγγλικής γλώσσας στο Νηπιαγωγείο» (ΕΑΝ). Για τη συγκεκριμένη επιμόρφωση υπεύθυνη ήταν η ομάδα του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ). Πιο συγκεκριμένα, εστιάζουμε στην παρουσίασητων απόψεων και των στάσεων των ΣΕΕ όπως αυτές προέκυψαν μέσα από τη διενέργεια δύο ομάδων εστίασης (focus groups). Το κεφάλαιο κλείνει με τη συζήτηση των δεδομένων αυτών, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στα συμπεράσματα που προκύπτουν σε σχέση με την αξιολόγηση της επιμόρφωσής των ΣΕΕ στο πλαίσιο του ΕΑΝ, αλλά και στον ευρύτερο αντίκτυπο της συγκεκριμένης επιμόρφωσης για τον σχεδιασμό αντίστοιχων προγραμμάτων επιμόρφωσης στο μέλλον.

Το σώμα κατανοείται στις κοινωνικές επιστήμες σαν αναπόσπαστο μέρος, σαν θεμελιώδης βάση συγκρότησης εαυτού και ταυτότητας. Συλλαμβάνεται σαν επιφάνεια, σαν ‘πεδίο’ και ‘μέσον’ συγκρότησης, κατασκευής, συμβολισμού και έκφρασης του εαυτού. Ενίοτε σαν βάση και άλλοτε σαν αναπόσπαστος διαμεσολαβητικός παράγοντας κατασκευής και ανα-κατασκευής ταυτοτήτων. Οι έννοιες ωστόσο εαυτός και ταυτότητα μπορούν να προσεγγισθούν  ακολουθώντας ποικίλες γνωστικές διαδρομές. Στο πλαίσιο ετούτης της μελέτης η έννοια του εαυτού και των ταυτοτήτων κατανοούνται ως πολλαπλότητες των οποίων τα στοιχεία που τις συγκροτούν βρίσκονται σε διαρκή αλληλεπίδραση και αλληλοδιείσδυση. Όταν επομένως αναφερόμαστε σε όρους ‘εαυτός’ και ‘ταυτότητα’ κατ’ ουσία αναφερόμαστε σε περίπλοκα και πολυσύνθετα συστήματα τα οποία ιδιαίτερα στα ψηφιακά επίπεδα δραστηριοποίησης μας όταν μάλιστα διαδρούμε με τη διαμεσολάβηση εικονικών σωματικών αναπαραστάσεων (Avatars) άλλοτε σχετίζονται ευθέως και άμεσα με το φυσικό, το βιολογικό μας σώμα και άλλοτε όχι. Σήμερα, πολλά εικονικά περιβάλλοντα, προσομοιωμένα περιβάλλοντα πολυμέσων βασισμένα στον υπολογιστή, δημιουργώντας μια τρισδιάστατη εικόνα που φαίνεται να περιβάλλει τον χρήστη, προσφέρουν πολλές ευκαιρίες για να ζήσει μέσω εικονικών σωματικών αναπαραστάσεων, προσομοιωμένες εμπειρίες που σχετίζονται με τον αθλητισμό, όπως σκι, ποδηλασία, ιππασία κ.λπ.. Αυτό δείχνει ότι το ‘αθλητικό σώμα’, σε μια άλλη διάσταση, είναι επίσης παρόν στον εικονικό κόσμο. Ο ψηφιακός χώρος είναι ένας κατασκευασμένος με ψηφιακά-διαδικτυακά μέσα χώρος. Ένας χώρος που ταυτόχρονα παριστά  και αναπαριστά. Ένας χώρος αίσθησης και (ψευδ-)αίσθησης στο πλαίσιο του οποίου διαμορφώνονται χωρικές σχέσεις, έννοιες, διαδράσεις, γεγονότα και συμβολισμοί κατ’ αναλογία και μιμητικά προς τον ‘φυσικό’ χώρο! Ένας χώρος δυνητικών εμπειριών μέσω μιας ποικιλότητας αισθητηριακών προσλήψεων δια των οποίων ο ‘άυλος’ ψηφιακός χώρος, μετασχηματίζεται σε ‘εμπειρικό’ χώρο. Αυτή η μελέτη χρησιμοποιώντας επιλεκτικά σε μια διεπιστημονική προοπτική σχετικά ερευνητικά δεδομένα από τις κοινωνικές και γνωστικές επιστήμες, αλλά και δεδομένα από τις επιστήμες των υπολογιστών τα οποία και συσχετίζει με θεμελιώδεις σκέψεις του Merleau-Ponty και του Allen Badiou, επιδιώκει να διερευνήσει  το ακόλουθο ζήτημα: Εάν και πώς μπορεί να συγκροτηθεί μια εικονική αθλητική ταυτότητα σε έναν εικονικό αθλητικό χώρο, για παράδειγμα σε ένα εικονικό γυμναστήριο! Πως βιώνεται ο ψηφιακός χώρος σωματικής άσκησης ως εμπειρικός χώρος; ΒΙΒΛΙΟΓΡΑΦΙΚΗ ΑΝΑΦΟΡΑ: Patsantaras N. Virtual bodies (avatars) and sport exercises: some important thoughts, European Journal for Sport and Society 2020 17(4), 339-356  

Στη μα­κρά πα­ρά­δο­ση της ένο­πλης εθε­λού­σι­ας στρά­τευ­σης στην ευρω­πα­ϊ­κή ήπει­ρο, η δε­κα­ε­τία του 1910, στην οποία επι­κε­ντρώ­νο­νται οι με­λέ­τες του πα­ρό­ντος τό­μου, κα­τέ­χει ξε­χω­ρι­στή θέ­ση. Την πε­ρί­ο­δο αυτή ο ένο­πλος εθε­λο­ντι­σμός γνώ­ρι­σε την κο­ρύ­φω­σή του, δεί­χνο­ντας πα­ράλ­λη­λα και τα πρώ­τα ση­μά­δια κάμ­ψης, κα­θώς η πρα­κτι­κή της ένο­πλης στρά­τευ­σης με­ταλ­λά­χθη­κε με την εμ­φά­νι­ση, αρ­χι­κά στα Βαλ­κά­νια, και αρ­γό­τε­ρα και στην υπό­λοι­πη Ευρώ­πη, εμπό­λε­μων συρ­ρά­ξε­ων νέου, «βι­ο­μη­χα­νι­κού» τύ­που. Η μα­ζι­κή αν­θρω­πο­σφα­γή με μη­χα­νι­κά μέ­σα απο­δυ­νά­μω­σε τον ρο­μα­ντι­κό χα­ρα­κτή­ρα της ένο­πλης προ­σω­πι­κής συμ­με­το­χής, που έθρε­ψε τα εθε­λο­ντι­κά κι­νή­μα­τα του 19ου αιώ­να. Η δε­κα­ε­τία του 1910 συ­νι­στά, απ’ αυτήν την άπο­ψη, βα­θειά το­μή στη μα­κρά ιστο­ρία του ένο­πλου εθε­λο­ντι­σμού, τό­σο του ελ­λη­νι­κού, όσο και ευρύ­τε­ρα του ευρω­πα­ϊ­κού, με κύ­ρι­ους σταθ­μούς τους Βαλ­κα­νι­κούς πο­λέ­μους και τον Α΄ Πα­γκό­σμιο πό­λε­μο. Στη δι­άρ­κεια αυτών των χρό­νων το εθε­λο­ντι­κό κί­νη­μα από την Ήπει­ρο, την Κρή­τη και την Κύ­προ γι­γα­ντώ­θη­κε, ενώ χι­λι­ά­δες από­δη­μοι από τις Η.Π.Α. και την Αίγυ­πτο έσπευ­σαν επί­σης να κα­τα­τα­χθούν στον ελ­λη­νι­κό στρα­τό, μα­ζί με την τε­λευ­ταία γε­νιά των Ιτα­λών Γα­ρι­βαλ­δι­νών. Σε μια πα­ράλ­λη­λη κα­τεύ­θυν­ση, στον Με­γά­λο πό­λε­μο με­ρι­κές εκα­το­ντά­δες Έλ­λη­νες εντά­χθη­καν στις γραμ­μές του γαλ­λι­κού στρα­τού και πολ­λα­πλά­σιοι Κύ­πριοι (Έλ­λη­νες και Τούρ­κοι) στο «Μα­κε­δο­νι­κό Με­τα­γω­γι­κό Σώ­μα» του βρε­τα­νι­κού στρα­τού. Σε αυτή την πε­ρί­ο­δο εστι­ά­ζει το ανά χεί­ρας βι­βλίο, προ­κει­μέ­νου, μέ­σα από μια συ­νο­λι­κή προ­σέγ­γι­ση και πο­λυ­πρι­σμα­τι­κή θε­ώ­ρη­ση, να ανα­δει­χθούν οι ρι­ζι­κές με­τα­μορ­φώ­σεις και τα ιδι­αί­τε­ρα χα­ρα­κτη­ρι­στι­κά της εθε­λο­ντι­κής πρα­κτι­κής.

Πρωταρχικός στόχος αυτού του βιβλίου είναι η παρουσίαση βασικών θεμάτων της Οικονομικής Επιστήμης με όσο το δυνατόν απλό αλλά ακριβή και επιστημονικό τρόπο. Είναι γραμμένο σε εισαγωγικό επίπεδο και είναι προϊόν εμπειρίας πολλών ετών διδασκαλίας σε προπτυχιακούς φοιτητές που δεν είχαν διδαχθεί οικονομικά σε αυτό το επίπεδο. Τα πρώτα επτά κεφάλαια (κεφάλαιο 1 μέχρι και κεφάλαιο 7) εξετάζουν θεμελιώδη ζητήματα Μικροοικονομικής και τα επόμενα έξι κεφάλαια εξετάζουν θεμελιώδη ζητήματα Μακροοικονομικής (κεφάλαιο 8 μέχρι και κεφάλαιο 13). Σε κάθε κεφάλαιο περιγράφονται οι μαθησιακοί στόχοι και παρουσιάζονται οι έννοιες-κλειδιά. Το επίπεδο ανάλυσης δεν προϋποθέτει γνώσεις οικονομικών, αλλά εισάγει τον οικονομικό τρόπο σκέψης με χρήση συγκεκριμένων παραδειγμάτων και διαγραμμάτων τα οποία διευκολύνουν την κατανόηση των οικονομικών φαινομένων. Η δε μαθηματική ανάλυση περιορίζεται εκεί όπου είναι απολύτως αναγκαία. Σε αρκετές περιπτώσεις υπάρχουν αριθμητικά παραδείγματα-ασκήσεις που δείχνουν τον τρόπο εφαρμογής των θεωρητικών εννοιών. Με τα δεδομένα αυτά το βιβλίο δεν προορίζεται μόνο για φοιτητές οικονομικών σχολών, αλλά απευθύνεται και σε φοιτητές άλλων συγγενών ή λιγότερο συγγενών πεδίων, όπου τα εισαγωγικά οικονομικά θεωρούνται χρήσιμες γνώσεις. Προφανώς, μπορεί να χρησιμεύσει και σε κάθε ενδιαφερόμενο αναγνώστη που επιθυμεί να κατανοήσει βασικές οικονομικές έννοιες και επίκαιρες οικονομικές συζητήσεις.

Within Deep Space and at a distance greater than 1 AU and less than 3.5 AU are twoasteroid belts that are quite important for finding new natural resources. These arethe Near-Earth Asteroids Area and the Main Asteroid Belt. Except these celestialbodies, the Moon is also an important place for mining. It is estimated that withinthe next decades these will be an important source of rare earth mining, but alsoother materials such as nickel and helium-3. The access, usage, and the necessaryactions for their systematic exploitation mark the expansion of the Living Space ofstates beyond the surface of the Earth.Therefore, in the coming decades will begin a new race that will result in theexpansion of mining rights and consequently the possession of celestial bodies landsby states. Also, it will cause the emergence of new forms of cooperation involvingone or more states and companies undertaking the implementation of the trade arm.

Στην εισήγηση γίνεται προσπάθεια ανεύρεσης του σημείου συνάντησης της Γενετικής με την Διδασκαλία της Βιολογίας με σημείο καμπής την έννοια του λάθους. Σχολιάζεται: Α) σημασία του σφάλματος (μεταλλάξεων) ως κομβικού σημείου της Εξέλιξης μέσω Φυσικής Επιλογής (ΕμΦΕ). Β) Η σημασία των λαθών ως ΕΙ των μαθητών στη διδακτική των ΦΕ/Βιολογίας. Γ) Η σπουδαιότητα της Διδακτικής των ΦΕ ως σημείου συνάντησης δύο εκ διαμέτρου αντίθετων κόσμων: του κόσμου της Φυσικής, όπου ο Δημιουργός «δεν παίζει ζάρια», με εκείνον της Βιολογίας, στον οποίο είναι το αγαπημένο Του παιχνίδι.

Κατά το πρώτο τέταρτο του 21ου αιώνα παρατηρείται μια πολύ έντονη στροφή της ελληνικής λογοτεχνίας και τέχνης εν γένει προς το έργο του Franz Kafka. Βασιζόμενη σε θεωρίες των Marcuse, Adorno, Foucault και Deleuze & Guattari η παρούσα μελέτη θέτει ως στόχο της να αποδείξει ότι ο βασικός λόγος για τον οποίο ο Kafka είναι απολύτως επίκαιρος για τη σύγχρονη ελληνική τέχνη είναι το γεγονός ότι υπήρξε πρωτίστως ένας πολιτικός συγγραφέας, ο οποίος επιχείρησε να φωτίσει από διάφορες πλευρές τον πολυσύνθετο χαρακτήρα και τους παράλογους μηχανισμούς της εξουσίας. Μέσα από ένα πραγματικά ευρύ φάσμα έργων στα οποία είναι εμφανής η επίδραση του Kafka επιλέχθηκαν το αφήγημα Ο Φλογοκρύπτης (2003) του Αριστείδη Αντονά και η ταινία Αστακός (2015) του Γιώργου Λάνθιμου ως ιδιαίτερα αντιπροσωπευτικά. Η συγκριτολογική μελέτη των εν λόγω έργων με κείμενα του Kafka όπως η Δίκη, η Κρίση και η Μεταμόρφωση αποσκοπεί στην αναγνώριση καφκικών διακειμένων καθώς και στην ανάδειξη συνεχειών και ασυνεχειών, τόσο αισθητικών όσο και θεματικών, μέσα σε έναν «ανοιχτό» δυναμικό διάλογο.

Περίληψη: Η φτώχεια και ο κοινωνικός αποκλεισμούς έχουν απασχολήσει αρκετές δεκαε- τίες την επιστημονική κοινότητα, η οποία έχει δώσει ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στη διερεύνηση των παραγόντων και συνθηκών που οδηγούν ορισμένες πληθυσμιακές ομάδες στο κοινωνικό περιθώριο. Η ευαλωτότητα συχνά ορίζεται ως ο βαθμός στον οποίο ένας πληθυσμός, ένα άτομο ή ένας οργανισμός αδυνατεί να έχει προσδοκίες, να αντιμετωπίσει, να αντισταθεί και να ανακάμψει από τις επιπτώσεις μιας καταστροφής. Ωστόσο, η ευαλωτότητα δεν είναι μόνο αποτέλεσμα καταστροφών. Αφορά κυρίως τις κοινωνικοοικονομικές συνθήκες που δημιουργούν το υπόβαθρο για την ανάπτυξη της φτώχειας και της αποστέρησης. Η παρούσα εργασία, εστιάζει στη διερεύνηση του φαινομένου, σύμφωνα με τα νέα δεδομένα και τους σύγχρονους ευρωπαϊκούς δείκτες που αναδεικνύουν τους κινδύνους της φτώχειας και του κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού για σημαντική μερίδα του πληθυσμού. Επιπλέον, διερευνά το ρόλο της Δια βίου μάθησης και της Συμβουλευτικής στην ενδυνάμωση των ατόμων και των ομάδων που βιώνουν τη φτώχεια και τον αποκλεισμό που γεννούν οι δομικές ανισότητες.

Nektariou Kephalos, Metropolitan of Pentapolis, Hapanda. Volume I'. Study on the immortality of the soul and on the Sacred Memorials / Νεκταρίου Κεφαλᾶ, Μητροπολίτου Πενταπόλεως, Ἅπαντα. Τόμος Ι´. Μελέτη περὶ τῆς ἀθανασίας τῆς ψυχῆς καὶ περὶ τῶν Ἱερῶν Μνημοσύνων, Προλεγόμενα, ἐπιμέλεια κειμένου, σχόλια, εὑρετήρια Ἀ. Β. Γλάρος, ἔκδ. Ἱερὰ Μητρόπολις   Ὕδρας, Σπετσῶν καὶ Αἰγίνης - Ἱερὰ Μονὴ Ἁγίας Τριάδος (Ἁγίου Νεκταρίου) Αἰγίνης, Ἀθῆναι 2023, σελ. 1-582 + εἰκόνες + πίνακες.

© Καμπερίδου, Ειρήνη (2023).  Ο ξεριζωμός στα μάτια των περιηγητριών: «Η Κυριαρχία της Τρομοκρατίας» (1881-1922)  και   «η Μεγάλη Σφαγή» του 1896. Βιβλίο Πρακτικών του Συνεδρίου Ο ρόλος των γυναικών της καθ’ ημάς Ανατολής στην διαμόρφωση της σύγχρονης Ελληνικής κοινωνίας του Συνδέσμου Ελληνίδων Επιστημόνων (ΣΕΕ): 24-25 Σεπτεμβρίου 2022, Αθήνα, σελ. 1-9.  Επίσης, βλ. εισήγηση στο YouTube:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXuT_9Xx7Z0&t=8306s και πλήρες κείμενο/άρθρο στην Πέργαμο, σελίδες 1-28: https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/3223206#contents ή https://pergamos.lib.uoa.gr/uoa/dl/object/3223206#fields

Η μελέτη αυτή επικεντρώνεται στις μαρτυρίες της Γαλλίδας εθελόντριας Mme Jean Antoniades (1925) η οποία προσέφερε τις υπηρεσίες της σε πέντε νοσοκομεία της Σμύρνης. Στο έργο της "La fin d'une civilisation ou la mort de Smyrne" περιγράφει με παραστατικό τρόπο την καταστροφή της πόλης. Στην πρώτη ενότητα ακολουθώντας τις γυναικείες μαρτυρίες του 19ου αιώνα στην Οθωμανική επικράτεια, διαπιστώνουμε τον εκρηκτικό και ανεξέλεγκτο τρόπο που εκδηλώνονται τα φαινόμενα βίας και κοινωνικού ρατσισμού. Η σφαγή της Σμύρνης και η πυρπόληση της πόλης, δεν ήταν αποτέλεσμα μιας απροσδόκητης πολιτικής του 20ου αιώνα. Αυτό τεκμηριώνεται ήδη από τις μαρτυρίες μεγάλου αριθμού δυτικών περιηγητριών του 19ου αιώνα, οι οποίες έζησαν, εργάστηκαν ή επισκέφτηκαν τη Σμύρνη. Στις περιγραφές τους επισημαίνεται ο κοσμοπολίτικος και πολυπολιτισμικός χαρακτήρας της πόλης και εκθειάζεται η ευμάρεια και το εμπορικό πνεύμα των Ελλήνων, των Εβραίων και των Αρμενίων. Αναφέρονται στα χαρέμια, τα γυναικεία επαγγέλματα, τα παζάρια, το εμπόριο του καφέ, το φορολογικό σύστημα, τις θρησκευτικές-πολιτιστικές συγκρούσεις και το σκλαβοπάζαρο και διαπιστώνουν ότι επωλούντο γυναίκες διαφόρων εθνικοτήτων. Όπως επισημαίνουν η πλειονότητα των γυναικών στο σκλαβοπάζαρο της Σμύρνης, ειδικά το 1816 και το 1822, ήταν Ελληνίδες, ορισμένες από τις οποίες, είχαν προσφερθεί ως δώρα στον σουλτάνο Μαχμούτ Β'. Αποκαλυπτικές είναι επίσης και οι γυναικείες μαρτυρίες των αρχών του 20ου αιώνα, που εξετάζονται στη δεύτερη ενότητα, όπως εκείνες για την καταστροφή της Σμύρνης, και ειδικά της Γαλλίδας εθελόντριας Mme Jean Antoniades, η οποία επιβιβάστηκε στο πλωτό-νοσοκομείο Αμφιτρίτη, στο οποίο είχαν βρει καταφύγιο 900 άτομα ενώ η χωρητικότητα ήταν μόνο για 200.

"Pedagogical and axiological elements from the parallel reading of the Saint Andrew’s of Crete works "To Lazarus", in "Lazarus δεῦρο ἔξω. The resurrection of Lazarus in theology, folklore, literature, art, music", Saint Lazarus Church of Larnaca, Larnaca 2023, p. 177-205

"On the Theological Epistemology of Philokalic Asthmatology", in the Honorary volume of the Theological School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens for the fruitful fifteen-year priesthood of His Beatitude Mr. Hieronymos II of Athens and All Greece, Athens 2023, p. 379-401

Από τη δεκαετία του 1970, όταν εμφανίστηκε για πρώτη φορά στην Αμερική ο όρος σεξουαλική παρενόχληση η προσοχή των ακαδημαϊκών και του κοινού στο συγκεκριμένο φαινόμενο έχει αυξομειωθεί ανά περιόδους βάσει ορισμέ- νων ιστορικών και κοινωνικοπολιτικών γεγονότων. Στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία το φαινόμενο διακρίνεται σε τρεις μορφές, παρενόχληση βάση φύλου, η οποία σύμφωνα με τις έρευνες αποτελεί το συχνότερο είδος, ανεπιθύμητη σεξουα- λική προσοχή και σεξουαλικός εξαναγκασμός. Ο ιδιαίτερος χαρακτήρας του φαινομένου της σεξουαλικής παρενόχλησης συνοψίζεται στον σχολιασμό της φεμινίστριας νομικού Catharine MacKinnon σύμφωνα με την οποία, ελλείψει όρου ικανού να την περιγράψει, η σεξουαλική παρενόχληση μέχρι το 1979 κυ- ριολεκτικά δεν αρθρωνόταν από τις γυναίκες, γεγονός που καθιστούσε αδύ- νατη τη σύνταξη ενός γενικού, κοινού και κοινωνικού ορισμού (McLaughlin et al., 2017).

The Arkalochori village in central Crete was hit by a large earthquake (Mw = 6.0) on 27 September 2021, causing casualties, injuries, and severe damage to the infrastructure. Due to the absence of apparent surface rupture and the initial focal mechanism solution of the seismic event, we initiated complementary, multi-disciplinary research by combining seismological and remote sensing data processing, followed by extensive field validation. Detailed geological mapping, fault surface measuring accompanied with tectonic analysis, fault photorealistic model creation by unmanned aerial system data processing, post-seismic surface deformation analysis by DInSAR image interpretation coupled with accurately relocated epicenters recorded by locally established seismographs have been carried out. The combination of the results obtained from these techniques led to the determination of the contemporary tectonic stress regime that caused the earthquake in central Crete, which was found compatible with extensional processes parallel to the Hellenic arc.

The Arkalochori village in central Crete was hit by a large earthquake (Mw = 6.0) on 27 September 2021, causing casualties, injuries, and severe damage to the infrastructure. Due to the absence of apparent surface rupture and the initial focal mechanism solution of the seismic event, we initiated complementary, multi-disciplinary research by combining seismological and remote sensing data processing, followed by extensive field validation. Detailed geological mapping, fault surface measuring accompanied with tectonic analysis, fault photorealistic model creation by unmanned aerial system data processing, post-seismic surface deformation analysis by DInSAR image interpretation coupled with accurately relocated epicenters recorded by locally established seismographs have been carried out. The combination of the results obtained from these techniques led to the determination of the contemporary tectonic stress regime that caused the earthquake in central Crete, which was found compatible with extensional processes parallel to the Hellenic arc.

The coastal area of Myrtos beach, is a very popular Natura protected area at the Northern part of Cephalonia Island, in W. Greece, which suffered severe damages during the Medicane named after “Ianos”, that affected the Greek territory in September 2020. Most of the steep slope area, which hosts the road that leads to the the beach area itself were extensively covered by debris due to mudflows, interrupting aggressively the road connection with the inland network. The use of Unmanned Aerial Systems proved to be an ideal way of mapping quite small areas, with limited access to road networks. The generation of ultra-high resolution spatial products seems to be optimal for mapping and quantifying mass movements that cover areas ranging from less than one square kilometer up to few square kilometers. The aim of such a multi-temporal study, which is described herein, contains aerial image data collection and analysis, before and after the catastrophic event. It is leading to the quantification of the surface topographic changes, by generating a time series of point clouds, after creating several terrain models along with ortho-photo-mosaics, based on Structure-from-Motion photogrammetric techniques. The digital comparison of the co-registered photogrammetric products showed that significant surface alterations have taken place due to the 2020 Medicane. The diachronic point clouds led to the detection and quantification of elevation changes, mainly at the central part of the area of interest, whereas the elevation values of the point clouds were found rather altered, before and after “Ianos”, either positively (deposition) or negatively (erosion), delineating the areas that suffered surface changes.

This paper investigates accounts justifying the closures of businesses found on public signs in Athens and London during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data for the study was drawn from a corpus of COVID-19-related public signage collected in the two cities during the first lockdown. The accounts used on these signs are analysed as acts of identity and, specifically, as discursive means deployed by the authors of the signs to project themselves and their businesses favourably. It is shown that the accounts used at the micro-level of discourse align to various degrees with the dominant discourses surrounding the pandemic at the macro-level and with the values these discourses draw upon. It is also shown that the accounts are used to reframe the public’s understanding of the closures and to construct identities congruent with the interests of the business owners, ensuring post-pandemic continuity.

The main goal of the present paper is to discuss how and under what circumstances, active labor market policies and adult education could assist staff to cope with stress and enhance skills and abilities to achieve employment. The high numbers of unemployed in Greece together with the long-term ineffective austerity measures and policies imposed in the country and the reduction of the social welfare state, created many multiple and complex issues that deteriorated after the pandemic. The present paper suggests that specific active labor market policies must be employed together with lifelong learning policies and programmes to ensure future developments. Greece, more than any other modern European country, was faced for several years with extreme austerity measures that affected the social, economic, and personal level. The working population and especially young people had to cope with prolonged unemployment, limited options for reentering the job market and the associated stress that follows exposure to adverse experiences. The phenomena of brain drain and brain waste, are well documented in Greek research and literature. Covid-19 pandemic was another stroke in an already unbalance economy. Lifelong learning programmes, that are meant to assist not only the working but also the general population to increase social and other skills, as a way of ensuring access to the labour market, are addressed to only a small portion of the population and usually to those who need them the least. The current paper presents the challenges that Active labor market and Lifelong policies in Greece must face in the process of coping with prolonged unemployment, brain drain and brain waste.

Some authors have suggested that, contrary to what is usually thought, ‘actually’ and similar expressions (‘in fact’, ‘in reality’, etc.) cannot effect a return to the actual world when used in a context generated by a different modal operator, and so are quite unlike the actuality operator of modal logic. I argue that they can induce such a return. The argument involves comparing them with other devices that can play a similar role, such as scope and mood, and examining the effect of ‘actually’ and the like in a range of different sentences.

A reduced removal of dysfunctional mitochondria is common to aging and age-related neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Strategies for treating such impaired mitophagy would benefit from the identification of mitophagy modulators. Here we report the combined use of unsupervised machine learning (involving vector representations of molecular structures, pharmacophore fingerprinting and conformer fingerprinting) and a cross-species approach for the screening and experimental validation of new mitophagy-inducing compounds. From a library of naturally occurring compounds, the workflow allowed us to identify 18 small molecules, and among them two potent mitophagy inducers (Kaempferol and Rhapontigenin). In nematode and rodent models of AD, we show that both mitophagy inducers increased the survival and functionality of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurons, abrogated amyloid-beta and tau pathologies, and improved the animals' memory. Our findings suggest the existence of a conserved mechanism of memory loss across the AD models, this mechanism being mediated by defective mitophagy. The computational-experimental screening and validation workflow might help uncover potent mitophagy modulators that stimulate neuronal health and brain homeostasis.

We comprehensively review several general methods and analytical tools used for causality evaluation of photonic materials. Our objective is to call to mind and then formulate, on a mathematically rigorous basis, a set of theorems which can answer the question whether a considered material model is causal or not. For this purpose, a set of various distributional theorems presented in literature is collected as the distributional version of the Titchmarsh theorem, allowing for evaluation of causality in complicated electromagnetic systems. Furthermore, we correct the existing material models with the use of distribution theory in order to obtain their causal formulations. In addition to the well-known Kramers–Krönig (K–K) relations, we overview four further methods which can be used to assess causality of given dispersion relations, when calculations of integrals involved in the K–K relations are challenging or even impossible. Depending on the given problem, optimal approaches allowing us to prove either the causality or lack thereof are pointed out. These methodologies should be useful for scientists and engineers analyzing causality problems in electrodynamics and optics, particularly with regard to photonic materials, when the involved mathematical distributions have to be invoked.

Accumulating data has shown a contribution of the renin-angiotensin system in COVID-19 pathogenesis. The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism as a risk factor in developing COVID-19 disease comes from epidemiological data and is controversially discussed. We conducted a retrospective case-control study and assessed the impact of ACE I/D genotype in COVID-19 disease prevalence and severity. In 81 COVID-19 patients explicitly characterized and 316 controls, recruited during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic, ACE I/D genotype, and ACE activity were determined. A generalized linear model was used and Poisson regression analysis estimated the risk ratios (RRs) of alleles and genotypes for disease severity. DD patients had almost 2.0-fold increased risk (RR: 1.886, confidence limit [CL] 95%: 1.266-2.810, p = 0.0018) of developing a more severe disease when contrasted to ID and II individuals, as did D allele carriers compared to I carriers (RR: 1.372; CL 95%: 1.051-1.791; p = 0.0201). ACE activity (expressed as arbitrary units, AU/L) was lower in patients (3.62 +/- 0.26) than in controls (4.65 +/- 0.13) (p < 0.0001), and this reduction was observed mainly among DD patients compared to DD controls (3.97 +/- 0.29 vs. 5.38 +/- 0.21; p = 0.0014). Our results demonstrate that ACE DD genotype may predispose to COVID-19 increased disease severity via a mechanism associated, at least in part, with the significant fall in their ACE activity. Our findings suggest a more complex pattern of synergy between this polymorphism and ACE activity in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy individuals and set the grounds for large-scale studies assessing ACE genotype-based optimized therapies with ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers

BACKGROUND: the apolipoprotein e4 allele (APOE4) constitutes an established genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease Dementia (ADD). We aimed to explore the frequency of the APOE isoforms in the Greek population of Southern Greece. METHODS: peripheral blood from 175 Greek AD patients, 113 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 75 healthy individuals. DNA isolation was performed with a High Pure PCR Template Kit (Roche), followed by amplification with a real-time qPCR kit (TIB MolBiol) in Roche's Light Cycler PCR platform. RESULTS: APOE4 allele frequency was 20.57% in the ADD group, 17.69% in the MCI group, and 6.67% in the control group. APOE3/3 homozygosity was the most common genotype, while the frequency of APOE4/4 homozygosity was higher in the AD group (8.60%). APOE4 carrier status was associated with higher odds for ADD and MCI (OR: 4.49, 95% CI: [1.90-10.61] and OR: 3.82, 95% CI: [1.59-9.17], respectively). CONCLUSION: this study examines the APOE isoforms and is the first to report a higher APOE frequency in MCI compared with healthy controls in southern Greece. Importantly, we report the occurrence of the APOE4 allele, related to ADD, as amongst the lowest globally reported, even within the nation, thus enhancing the theory of ethnicity and latitude contribution

Clinicians trust medical laboratories to provide reliable results on which they rely for clinical decisions. Laboratories fulfil their responsibility for accurate and consistent results by utilizing an arsenal of approaches, ranging from validation and verification experiments to daily quality control procedures. All these procedures verify, on different moments, that the results of a certain examination procedure have analytical performance characteristics (APC) that meet analytical performance specifications (APS) set for a particular intended use. The APC can in part be determined by estimating the measurement uncertainty component under conditions of within-laboratory precision (u(Rw)), which comprises all components influencing the measurement uncertainty of random sources. To maintain the adequacy of their measurement procedures, laboratories need to distinguish aspects that are manageable vs. those that are not. One of the aspects that may influence u(Rw) is the momentary significant bias caused by shifts in reagent and/or calibrator lots, which, when accepted or unnoticed, become a factor of the APC. In this paper, we postulate a model for allocating a part of allowable u(Rw) to between-reagent lot variation, based on the need for long-term consistency of the measurement variability for that specific measurand. The allocation manages the ratio between short-term and long-term variation and indicates laboratories when to reject or correct certain variations due to reagent lots

A strong, shallow earthquake occurred near Heraklion (Crete, Greece) on 27 September 2021. The earthquake produced significant ground deformation in the vicinity of Arkalochori village but without any evidence for surface ruptures of primary origin. We used geodetic (InSAR and GNSS) data to map motions of the Earth’s surface that occurred during and shortly after the earthquake. A 14 cm subsidence of the GNSS station ARKL and a maximum of 19 cm distance from the SAR satellite were recorded. The measured surface displacements were used to constrain the rupture geometry and slip distribution at depth. Our best-fitting inversion model suggests that the rupture occurred on a 13 km-long planar normal fault striking N195° E dipping 55° to the northwest, with major slip occurring to the east and updip of the hypocentre. The fault tip is located 1.2 km beneath the surface. The maximum coseismic slip occurred in the uppermost crust, in the depth interval of 4–6 km. A decrease in the fault offsets toward the Earth’s surface is likely caused by an increased frictional resistance of the shallow layers to rapid coseismic slip. Satellite observations made in the first month after the earthquake detected no post-seismic deformation (i.e., below one fringe or 2.8 cm). The seismic fault may be identified with the Avli (Lagouta) segment of the NNE-SSW striking, west-dipping, 23 km-long neotectonic Kastelli Fault Zone (KFZ). Part of the rupture occurred along the Kastelli segment, indicating a fault segment linkage and a history of overlapping ruptures along KFZ. Based on geological data and footwall topography we estimate an average slip rate between 0.17–0.26 mm/yr for the KFZ. The Arkalochori earthquake is a paradigm example for the on-going extension of Heraklion basin (central Crete) in the WNW-ESE direction, which is almost orthogonal to the E-W Messara graben and other active faults along the south coast of Crete.

The wildfires of summer 2021 in Greece were among the most severe forest fire events that have occurred in the country over the past decade. The conflagration period lasted for 20 days (i.e., from 27 July to 16 August 2021) and resulted in the devastation of an area of more than 3600 Km2. Forest fire events of similar severity also struck other Mediterranean countries during this period. Apart from their direct impacts, forest fires also render an area more susceptible to runoff erosion by massively removing its vegetation, among other factors. It is clear that immediately after a forest fire, most areas are much more susceptible to erosion. In this paper, we evaluate the erosion hazard of Attica, Northern Euboea, and the Peloponnese that were devastated by forest fires during the summer of 2021 in Greece, in comparison with their geological and geomorphological structures, as well as land cover and management. Given that a very significant part of these areas were burnt during the major conflagrations of this summer, erosion risk, as well as flood risk, are expected to be very high, especially for the coming autumn and winter. For the evaluation of erosion risk, the burnt areas were mapped, and the final erosion-risk maps were constructed through GIS software. The final maps suggest that most of the burnt areas are highly susceptible to future surface runoff erosion events. View Full-Text

Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans that expresses the full-length wild-type human alpha-synuclein in dopaminergic neurons provides a well-established Parkinson's disease (PD) nematode model. Here, we present a detailed protocol to monitor and dissect the molecular underpinnings of age-associated neurodegeneration using this PD nematode model. This protocol includes preparation of nematode growth media and bacterial food sources, as well as procedures for nematode growth, synchronization, and treatment. We then describe procedures to assess dopaminergic neuronal death in vivo using fluorescence imaging. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to SenGupta et al. (2021).

Geological heritage or geoheritage refers to the total of geosites, i.e., areas of high geological interest in a given area. Geosites have a high potential of attracting geotourists, thus contributing to the development of the local economy. Assessing sites of geological interest can contribute to their promotion, as well as their preservation and protection. Greece’s geotectonic position in the convergent zone between the African and Eurasian plates has contributed to the existence of a considerable wealth of geosites, with the particularly active geotectonic region of the Ionian Sea characterized as a geoheritage hotspot. The purpose of this study is the selection of several such sites from the islands of Lefkas, Meganisi, Kefalonia and Ithaki and their assessment regarding their scientific, environmental, cultural, economic and aesthetic value. The most representative sites for the individual disciplines of geology (e.g., geomorphology, tectonics, stratigraphy and palaeontology) have been chosen, mapped and assessed, while indicative georoutes are proposed, which could aid the island’s geotouristic promotion to geologist and non-geologist future visitors.

The article investigates the impact of the issuance of Tier 1 and Tier 2 regulatory capital by Greek banks for the period 2002-2020 on the return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), leverage ratios (SLR) and liquidity and funding ratios (NSFR), by taking also into account the changes in the macroeconomic environment with variables such as GDP and unemployment. In this context, we perform data analysis on 14 systemic and non-systemic Greek banks and we find that capital ratios of banking institutions affect profitability, asset quality and earnings, liquidity and leverage. Bank size, loan-to-deposit ratio and NPLs ratio are important determinants of banks’ profitability. Finally, unemployment is an important exogenous determinant of profitability ratios.

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been investigated over the past years with the aim of identifying any association with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, information regarding the potential association of VDR SNP haplotypes with AD is limited. The aim of the present study was to provide additional knowledge on the effects of VDR haplotypes on the development of late-onset AD in a cohort of Southeastern European Caucasians (SECs). The study sample included 78 patients with late-onset AD and 103 healthy subjects as the control group. VDR SNPs that were analyzed were TaqI (rs731236), BsmI (rs1544410) and FokI (rs2228570). The CAC (TaqI, BsmI and FokI) haplotype was found to be associated with a 53% lower risk of developing the disease (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23-0.96; P=0.04) and the TAC (TaqI, BsmI and FokI) haplotype was associated with an ~6-fold greater risk of developing AD (OR, 6.19; 95% CI, 1.91-20.13; P=0.0028). Female subjects carrying the TAC haplotype had a ~9-fold greater risk of developing AD in comparison to female control subjects (OR, 9.27; 95% CI, 1.86-46.28; P<0.05). The TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms were in high linkage disequilibrium (D'=0.9717, r=0.8467) and produced a haplotype with a statistically significant different frequency between the control and AD group. The TA (TaqI and BsmI) haplotype was associated with an ~8-fold greater risk of developing AD (OR, 8.27; 95% CI, 2.70-25.28; P<0.05). Female TA carriers had an ~14-fold greater risk of developing the disease in comparison to female control subjects (OR, 13.93; 95% CI, 2.95-65.87; P<0.05). On the whole, the present study demonstrates that in the SEC population, TAC and TA are risk haplotypes for AD, while the CAC haplotype may act protectively. SEC women carrying the TAC or TA haplotype are at a greater risk of developing AD, thus suggesting that women are markedly affected by the poor utilization of vitamin D induced by the VDR haplotype

The role of vitamin D in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has been studied over the past years. The results from numerous studies have indicated that the molecular pathways involved in the development of AD are closely related to the molecular pathways of the mechanisms of action of vitamin D. However, only a limited number of studies have described the key role of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the regulation of the functions of vitamin D and the potential effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VDR gene. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the VDR TaqI polymorphism in relation to AD in a Southeastern European Caucasian (SEC) cohort. Further, the present study aimed to compare the results obtained with those of other AD populations. For this purpose, blood samples from 90 confirmed patients with AD [median age, 74 years; median mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score of 21; median frontal assessment battery (FAB) score of 10] and 103 healthy controls (median age, 57 years) were analyzed to determine the genotypes of TaqI (rs731236) using quantitative PCR. The frequencies (%) of the TaqI TT, TC and CC genotypes in the controls/patients were 34/48.9, 47.6/41.1 and 18.4/10.0, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed for the TaqI C allele [odds ratio (OR). 0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.30-0.96; P=0.035], the TaqI TT genotype (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.04-3.32; P=0.035) and the TaqI CC genotype (OR, 0.119; 95% CI, 0.014-0.995; P=0.032,) in relation to the MMSE score <21 in the patient's group. The TaqI TT allele was found to increase the risk of developing AD by 1.86-fold in the SEC population, while the TaqI C allele may act protectively, with a 46% lower risk of developing the disease. Patients with the TaqI CC genotype were found to have an 88% less likelihood of developing severe cognitive impairment based on the MMSE score. On the whole, the present study did not confirm the results of previous studies on the VDR TaqI C allele in patients with AD

Buffle et al are to be congratulated for shedding more light on the electrophysiologic links regarding atrial fibrillation recurrence post radiofrequency catheter ablation. The different approaches of left atrium volume and left atrium diameter assessment employed in this study, is a limitation that should not go unnoticed, since angiographically calculated left atrium volume overestimates volume as compared to 3D echo measurements. Further, the timing of change has been reported to have prognostic significance; namely left atrium diameter reduction within the 3 month blanking period has been reported to independently predict prolonged arrhythmia free survival. Hence, we firmly believe that future studies should examine any potential correlations between left atrium diameter and recurrence mechanisms.

On the eastern part of the Greek island of Crete, in the semi-arid area of Lasithi, lies the old monastery of Toplou. The monastery hosts the unique icon Megas ei Kyrie (“Great are you, O Lord”), written on wood by Ioannis Kornaros in 1770.1 The name of the icon is not that of a person but of a doxological praise; this in itself is indicative of a very unusual theme. The central motif is the baptism of Christ, which is celebrated in the East on the feast of Theophany (January 6). Upon closer inspection, the central motif is placed between heaven (the Trinity and the angels) and earth (Mary with the Christ Child, Adam and Eve), whereas the descent of Christ into the underworld is depicted at the bottom of the icon. Fifty-seven episodes from the Old and the New Testaments surround the central motif on the right and on the left, all connected by running waters. The total of sixtyone motifs are enumerated by the artist and glossed by headings, which faithfully reproduce the verses of the Theophany Poem, attributed to the Patriarch Sophrony of Jerusalem. The poem contains the prayer Megas ei Kyrie (“Great are you, O Lord”), which is the central liturgical event of the

X-Ray pulsars are systems powered by accretion, the majority of which is found in Be X-ray binaries (BeXRBs). The study of Giant outbursts (L_{X} > 1038 erg s -1) in such systems becomes very relevant in the advent of the recent discoveries of pulsating ultra-luminous X-ray sources (PULXs) with an apparent isotropic luminosity above the Eddington limit for a typical neutron star (NS) demonstrating that stable accretion onto NSs is possible at super - Eddington rates. Given that PULXs host magnetized NSs, several attempts have been made to estimate the magnetic field of the NS using standard torque models. At the same time theoretical studies have demonstrated that it is required to adjust these models due to changes in the accretion disc structure when exceeding the Eddington limit. Motivated by these findings we studied torque models during Giant outbursts of BeXRBs monitored by Fermi/GBM and Swift/BAT. We developed a code to estimate posterior distributions for the parameters of standard accretion models and binary orbital parameters using a nested sampling algorithm for Bayesian Parameter Estimation. Most notably we applied our method to the recently discovered Swift J0243.6+6124 (i.e., the only known Galactic PULX) and we illustrate that the standard torque models need adjustment to explain the observed spin evolution of the NS. Finally, we discuss the implications the newest GAIA distances have on the NS equation of state.

Beachrocks are a window to the past environmental, geological, sedimentological and morphological conditions that were dominant in the coastal zone during their formation. Furthermore, beachrocks have the ability to reduce coastal erosion impact on sandy beaches. This study focuses on the beachrock formation mechanism through the comparison of cement characteristics, mineral chemistry and sedimentology of beachrock occurrences from two different geological and geographical localities: Diolkos, Corinth, Greece and Sumuide, Okinawa, Japan. In addition, in order to investigate a potential soft engineering method to protect coasts from erosion, artificial beachrock samples were created in vitro using sand samples and ureolytic bacteria from both areas under accelerating conditions. For Okinawa artificial beachrock experiments, the bacteria Pararhodobacter sp. was used, and for Diolkos, it was the bacteria Micrococcus yunnainensis sp. For the natural beachrocks, a multi-analytical approach was accomplished with the use of microscopic investigation, a scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence. Correlations were made between natural and artificial beachrocks. Results have shown that Diolkos beachrock was formed in the upper part of the intertidal zone, consisting of detrital material originating from the local bedrock, while Sumuide beachrock formed in the low intertidal–upper subtidal zone, consisting of coral sand and foraminifera fragments. For the artificial beachrocks, three samples were created using the microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) method, one from Diolkos (Corinth, Greece) and two from Sumuide (Okinawa, Japan). Diolkos artificial beachrock was better consolidated in comparison to Sumuide. Our investigation has shown that bacterial density was the key factor for the creation of the artificial beachrocks, while the samples’ granulometry played a secondary role in the process. The laboratory artificial beachrocks show encouraging results for a new soft engineering method to encounter beach erosion while keeping an ecofriendly character by saving energy, material resources and gas emissions. Artificial beachrocks can share the same properties of a natural beachrock and can contribute positively to marine biodiversity as a natural rocky habitat.

Using the example of the Raymond Duncan family this article will explore the human body as an object of self-determination, a means of overcoming social boundaries, a field of racist shooting and phobic enforcement, a reference point of public outrage and the complex between sociality and corporality, but also as a tool of political vigilance and social intervention. Does a body dressed in a tunic resist the western way of life? Or is it a stereotypical outpouring of people unable to modernize? Is the body instrumentalized as a means of narrating exoticism? The bodies of the Duncan family members are an occasion for discussion in the public sphere, even today.

This monograph is a detailed introduction to the nascent and ever-evolving fields of metamaterials and nanophotonics, with key techniques and applications needed for a comprehensive understanding of these fields all detailed. These include the 'standard' and high-accuracy 'nonstandard' FDTD techniques, finite-difference frequency-domain mode solvers, the transfer matrix method, analytic calculations for dielectric and plasmonic waveguides, dispersion, Maxwell-Bloch and density functional theory, as well as design methods for constructing metamaterials and nanolasers, and quantum plasmonics. The book is intended for final-year undergraduates, as well as postgraduates or active researchers who wish to understand and enter these fields in a 'user-friendly' manner, and who have a basic understanding of and familiarity with electromagnetic theory.

This study examined the connection between two prominent deficits in schizophrenia: the deficit in parasympathetic regulation and the deficit in cognitive inhibitory control, within the framework of the Neurovisceral Integration Model (NIM).Thirty healthy controls and 30 patients with schizophrenia performed the internationally standardized antisaccade protocol while their electrocardiographic data were recorded. The interaction between the group, the cognitive inhibitory control as measured with error rate (ER) in the antisaccade task and parasympathetic activity as measured with the High Frequency power component of Heart Rate Variability (HF-HRV) was tested.Findings confirmed that decreased HF-HRV was specifically related to increased ER in patients with schizophrenia. In contrast, patient deficits in other oculomotor function measures such as reaction time and reaction time variability related to volitional movement control and cognitive stability respectively were not linked to the deficit in parasympathetic regulation.Our study validates the theory behind NIM proposing that cognitive inhibition has common physiological substrate with parasympathetic regulation. Future research could test this brain-heart link in other mental disorders especially those with a prominent deficit in inhibitory cognitive function.

Αn isotype heterojunction n+-ZnO/n-Si photodetector is developed, demonstrating wavelength-selective or broadband operation, depending on the applied bias voltage. Additionally, at self-powered (zero bias) operation, it distinguishes between UV, visible, and near IR (NIR) photons by polarity control of the photocurrent. The photodetector is developed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO on n-Si, followed by electric contact deposition and annealing. Photoluminescence measurements reveal high optical quality and improved crystallinity of annealed ZnO on silicon. Photocurrent measurements as a function of illumination wavelength and bias voltage show small negative values in the UV–visible spectral range at zero and positive bias voltage and high positive values in the NIR spectral range. For these measurements, we consider the electric contact to ZnO as the anode and the electric contact to silicon as the cathode. At negative bias voltage, the device shows broadband operation with high photocurrent values across the UV–vis-NIR.

Objective: A fine-tuned balance of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation is essential for organ formation, with disturbances influencing many health outcomes. In utero, glucocorticoids have been linked to brain-related negative outcomes, with unclear underlying mechanisms, especially regarding cell-type-specific effects. An in vitro model of fetal human brain development, induced human pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cerebral organoids, was used to test whether cerebral organoids are suitable for studying the impact of prenatal glucocorticoid exposure on the developing brain. Methods: The GR was activated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone, and the effects were mapped using single-cell transcriptomics across development. Results: The GR was expressed in all cell types, with increasing expression levels through development. Not only did its activation elicit translocation to the nucleus and the expected effects on known GR-regulated pathways, but also neurons and progenitor cells showed targeted regulation of differentiation- and maturation-related transcripts. Uniquely in neurons, differentially expressed transcripts were significantly enriched for genes associated with behavior-related phenotypes and disorders. This human neuronal glucocorticoid response profile was validated across organoids from three independent hiPSC lines reprogrammed from different source tissues from both male and female donors. Conclusions: These findings suggest that excessive glucocorticoid exposure could interfere with neuronal maturation in utero, leading to increased disease susceptibility through neurodevelopmental processes at the interface of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure. Cerebral organoids are a valuable translational resource for exploring the effects of glucocorticoids on early human brain development. Keywords: Biology; Brain; Child/Adolescent Psychiatry; Development; Glucocorticoid Receptor; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Pre/Peri/Postnatal Issues; Stress; Translational Research.     

PLCgamma enzymes are autoinhibited in resting cells and form key components of intracellular signaling that are also linked to disease development. Insights into physiological and aberrant activation of PLCgamma require understanding of an active, membrane-bound form, which can hydrolyze inositol-lipid substrates. Here, we demonstrate that PLCgamma1 cannot bind membranes unless the autoinhibition is disrupted. Through extensive molecular dynamics simulations and experimental evidence, we characterize membrane binding by the catalytic core domains and reveal previously unknown sites of lipid interaction. The identified sites act in synergy, overlap with autoinhibitory interfaces, and are shown to be critical for the phospholipase activity in cells. This work provides direct evidence that PLCgamma1 is inhibited through obstruction of its membrane-binding surfaces by the regulatory region and that activation must shift PLCgamma1 to a conformation competent for membrane binding. Knowledge of the critical sites of membrane interaction extends the mechanistic framework for activation, dysregulation, and therapeutic intervention.

BACKGROUND: The global burden of hypertension is constantly increasing with adverse cardiovascular and ocular sequelae. The association between elevated blood pressure and choroidal thickness (CT), as assessed via optical coherence tomography (OCT), is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: Studies including hypertensive adults and normotensive controls undergoing OCT were evaluated for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The primary endpoint was CT difference between hypertensive and normotensive adults. DATA SOURCES AND METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and after searching 1011 results from MEDLINE, ClinicalTrials.gov, medRxiv and Cochrane Library, six studies were deemed eligible and were pooled according to a random-effect model. RESULTS: A statistically significant reduction in choroidal thickness was found in hypertensive adults ( = 454) as compared with normotensive controls ( = 365) [mean difference: -0.77; 95% confidence intervals: (-1.20, -0.34);  = 0.0004]. The main limitations of this meta-analysis are the relatively small population included and the high statistical heterogeneity (  = 87%) among the various studies. Of note, after excluding one study the heterogeneity was markedly reduced. CONCLUSION: Choroidal thickness is reduced among hypertensive subjects compared with normotensive controls. This finding mandates further examination in the context of long-term clinical outcomes.

Undisputedly, the 61st round of Greek-Turkish exploratory talks has not comeas something totally unexpected. Several signs at the level either of Greece’s internal policy-making processes or the one of international alliances have indicated that Ankara sought persistently for a lifeline and finally, this was given by Athens. The current paper describes analytically the evolutions before the “Greek-Turkish dialogue”, makes an extensive analysis of the content of recent agreements of EEZ delineation and proceeds into policy proposals with regard to how Greek geostrategy has to be formed while it stands critical against current strategic decisions. For this reason and on the eve of the “dialogue”, relevant questions are posed: Under what conditions will it take place? With what correlations of power at operational level? How far does Turkey intend to go in order to shape these correlations to its benefit and to what extent does Greece intend to continue to back down, given that making concessions all the time gives rise to new demands? Citing maps and law texts, this paper gives emphasis on the pathogenies of Greek foreign policy and how these are reflected onto current policies.

The broad high-energy spectral component in blazars is usually attributed to various inverse Compton scattering processes in the relativistic jet, but has not been clearly identified in most cases due to degeneracies in physical models. AP Librae, a low-synchrotron-peaking BL Lac object (LBL) detected in 2015 by H.E.S.S. at very high energies (VHE; >0.5 TeV), has an extremely broad high-energy spectrum, covering ~9 decades in energy. Standard synchrotron self-Compton models generally fail to reproduce the VHE emission, which has led to the suggestion that it might arise not from the blazar core, but on kiloparsec scales from inverse Compton (IC) scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons by a still-relativistic jet (IC/CMB). IC/CMB models for the TeV emission of AP Librae in prior works have implied a high level of infrared emission from the kiloparsec-scale jet. With newly obtained Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging, we obtain a deep upper limit on the kiloparsec-scale jet emission at 1.6 μm, well below the expected level. High-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array imaging in bands 3-9 reveals a residual dust-disk signature after core subtraction, with a clearly thermal spectrum, and an extent (~500 pc) that matches with a nonjet residual emission seen after point-spread function subtraction in our 1.6 μm HST imaging. We find that the unusually broad GeV and VHE emission in AP Librae can be reproduced through the combined IC scattering of photons from the CMB and the dust disk, respectively, by electrons in both the blazar core and subkiloparsec jet.

BACKGROUND: Burn injury (BI) is one of the most serious causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatric population. BI triggers an initial stage of hyperinflammation, followed by hypersecretion of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. IL- 18 is a vital pro-inflammatory cytokine, the effect of which has been investigated not only in animal models but also in adult patients. No study has yet examined the association of serum IL- 18 levels and the clinical significance in the course of pediatric BI. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study including all children with burn injuries who were hospitalized from December 2015 to December 2018 in a tertiary Children's Hospital. RESULTS: A total of 55 children with BI were included. In the present study, we found a strong positive correlation between total body surface area (TBSA) and the levels of IL-18 at admission and on the third day postburn, respectively. The WBC count, the number of lymphocytes and the CRP levels at admission revealed a strong, positive correlation with IL-18 levels. The correlation between IL-18 levels at admission and the length of stay (LOS) was moderate. CONCLUSIONS: This study has shown that the levels of IL-18 collected at admission correlate positively with the extent of TBSA and inflammatory indices in pediatric patients. Moreover, IL-18 levels at admission may not be the most accurate prognostic factor regarding the LOS. However, further research is needed in order to establish more accurate predictive factors for the outcome of BIs in pediatric patients

Inflammation plays a prominent role in the development of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, and anti-inflammatory agents may improve cardiovascular outcomes. For years, colchicine has been used as a safe and well-tolerated agent in diseases such as gout and familial Mediterranean fever. The widely available therapeutic has several anti-inflammatory effects, however, that have proven effective in a broad spectrum of cardiovascular diseases as well. It is considered standard-of-care therapy for pericarditis, and several clinical trials have evaluated its role in postoperative and postablation atrial fibrillation, postpericardiotomy syndrome, coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary interventions, and cerebrovascular disease. We aim to summarize colchicine's pharmacodynamics and the mechanism behind its anti-inflammatory effect, outline thus far accumulated evidence on treatment with colchicine in cardiovascular disease, and present ongoing randomized clinical trials. We also emphasize real-world clinical implications that should be considered on the basis of the merits and limitations of completed trials. Altogether, colchicine's simplicity, low cost, and effectiveness may provide an important addition to other standard cardiovascular therapies. Ongoing studies will address complementary questions pertaining to the use of low-dose colchicine for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.

The infinite time of oral drug absorption was conceived from the first day of the birth of pharmacokinetics when H. Dost introduced the term pharmacokinetics in his book published in 1953. He adopted the function developed by H. Bateman back in 1908 for the decay of the nuclei isotopes to describe oral drug absorption as a first-order process. We unveiled this false hypothesis relying on common wisdom i.e. drugs are absorbed in finite time. This false assumption had dramatic effects on the evolution of oral pharmacokinetics but most importantly on the bioavailability and bioequivalence concepts and metrics. This work focuses on the finite absorption time (FAT) concept, the relevant Physiologically Based Finite Time (PBFTPK) models developed and their applications in oral pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and bioequivalence. The crux of the matter is that drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract takes place under sink conditions because of the high blood flow rate in the vena cava. The termination of oral, pulmonary and intranasal drug absorption at a specific time point, calls for regulatory changes in bioavailability and bioequivalence studies in terms of the study design and metrics used for the bioequivalence assessment.

Motivated by the control problem of a robot tracked vehicle, the problem of common noninteracting control with simultaneous partial output zeroing is introduced and solved for the case of multi model normal linear time invariant systems, using a regular and static measurement output feedback controller. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the problem are established, and the general solution of the controllers is derived. The present design results are successfully applied to the two-model description of the robot tracked vehicle, through a common controller, using only measurements of the motor currents and the orientation of the vehicle. Additionally, approximate asymptotic command following is achieved. Finally, using a metaheuristic algorithm the transient behavior of the independently controlled outputs, is improved.

In this study, the geoeducational value of five geosites, located in the aspiring geopark of the volcanic island of Nisyros, SE Aegean Sea, was assessed by means of two methods: the G-P method of Brilha (2016) and the M-GAM method. The first method takes into account 12 criteria belonging to the educational potential. The M-GAM method, on the other hand, takes into account the opinions of visitors who, as non-experts, express a different point of view that is rarely calculated or evaluated in different geosite assessment methods. For the better and more objective comparison of the two methods of evaluation of the educational potential of the study areas, the results were converted to a percentage scale (%). The first G-P method clearly highlights the high geological value of the studied geosites, which have a relatively high score and can be used for geotourism and geoeducation. The second method, on the other hand, yields a moderate score in areas with objectively high geological value. This is clearly evident, as this method considers the opinions of visitors who lack the necessary cognitive geological background, thereby underestimating the significance and potential of certain geological features due to lack of formal training.

We study the giant outbursts of SMC X-3 and RX J0209.6-7427 (hereafter RX J0209) to compare their super-Eddington accretion regime with that of Swift J0243.6+6124 (hereafter Swift J0243). The high double-peak profile of SMC X-3 is found to be 0.25 phase offset from that below 2.3 × 1038 erg s-1, which is similar to Swift J0243 (happened around 0.9 × 1038 erg s-1). The profile of RX J0209 shows a similar 0.25 phase offset between high double-peak and low double-peak around 1.25 × 1038 erg s-1. The 0.25 phase offset corresponds to a 90° angle change of the emission beam and strongly supports for a transition from a fan beam to a pencil beam. Their critical luminosities imply a surface magnetic field ~4 × 1013 and 2 × 1013 G for SMC X-3 and RX J0209, respectively, based on the recently measured cyclotron line of Swift J0243. The spin-up rate and luminosity of SMC X-3 follows a relation of $\dot{\nu }\propto L^{0.94\pm 0.03}$, while that of RX J0209 follows $\dot{\nu }\propto L^{1.00\pm 0.03}$, which are similar to Swift J0243 and consistent with the prediction of a radiation-pressure-dominated disc. These results indicate that accretion columns are indeed formed above Eddington luminosity, and the population of ultraluminous X-ray pulsars likely corresponds to X-ray pulsars of highest magnetic field.

The caper (Capparis spinosa L.) is a winter deciduous, perennial plant that grows and completes its life cycle entirely during the dry season in the Mediterranean region. Mature caper fruits and their pericarp, collected from the wild shrubs of the Capparis spinosa grown in the inland and coastal sites of Greece during summer, have been studied in order to improve and complete our knowledge of the successful establishment of the C. spinosa in Mediterranean ecosystems. Caper fruits possess substantial nutritional, medicinal and ecological properties that vary according to the developmental stage, agroclimatic and geographical parameters; however, the fruit pericarp and pedicel, unlike the other aboveground plant parts of the caper, have not hitherto been studied. The higher sugar and starch content in the pericarps and fruit pedicels harvested from wild caper plants grown in coastal habitats was investigated in comparison with those from inland habitats, while the higher proline and nitrogen content in pericarps and fruit pedicels harvested from wild caper plants grown in inland habitats was investigated in comparison with those from coastal habitats. The PCA, based on the considered functional traits underlying the constitutional aspects, reveals groupings of fruit pericarp specimens of the C. spinosa collected from coastal and inland habitats that are grounds for adaptive variation.

The maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial network and the ability to adjust organelle population in response to internal or external stimuli are essential for the function and the survival of eukaryotic cells. Over the last two decades several studies have demonstrated the paramount importance of mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy that removes damaged and/or superfluous organelles, in organismal physiology. Post-mitotic neuronal cells are particularly vulnerable to mitochondrial damage, and mitophagy impairment has emerged as a causative factor in multiple neurodegenerative pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease among others. Although mitochondrial turnover is a multifaceted process, neurons have to tackle additional complications, arising from their pronounced bioenergetic demands and their unique architecture and cellular polarisation that render the degradation of distal organelles challenging. Mounting evidence indicates that despite the functional conservation of mitophagy pathways, the unique features of neuronal physiology have led to the adaptation of compartmentalised solutions, which serve to ensure seamless mitochondrial removal in every part of the cell. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge concerning the molecular mechanisms that mediate mitophagy compartmentalisation and discuss their implications in various human pathologies.

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated complete blood count-derived inflammation indices in patients with retinal vein occlusion (RVO). METHODS: Participants in this case-control study were 54 patients with RVO and 54 age- and sex-matched control subjects. All participants underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination, as well as blood sample testing for complete blood count. Comparison of all parameters derived from complete blood count as well as calculation of specific indices was performed between patients with RVO and controls. RESULTS: Patients with RVO presented significantly higher white blood cell count (p = 0.033), neutrophil count (p = 0.003), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, p = 0.002), red cell distribution width (RDW, p = 0.009), mean platelet volume (MPV, p = 0.023), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII, p = 0.007) compared to controls. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that NLR was superior to other inflammatory indices, having the greatest area under the curve. The optimal cutoff value for NLR to predict RVO was 2.29 with 46.2% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity. CONCLUSION: Patients with RVO presented increased NLR, RDW, MPV, and SII, providing evidence that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of RVO. Complete blood cell count-derived indices can be easily calculated and may serve as an easy, simple, and cost-effective tool to evaluate the degree of systemic inflammation in patients with RVO, so as to potentially guide treatment

Complex time-dependent Lyapunov equation (CTDLE), as an important means of stability analysis of control systems, has been extensively employed in mathematics and engineering application fields. Recursive neural networks (RNNs) have been reported as an effective method for solving CTDLE. In the previous work, zeroing neural networks (ZNNs) have been established to find the accurate solution of time-dependent Lyapunov equation (TDLE) in the noise-free conditions. However, noises are inevitable in the actual implementation process. In order to suppress the interference of various noises in practical applications, in this paper, a complex noise-resistant ZNN (CNRZNN) model is proposed and employed for the CTDLE solution. Additionally, the convergence and robustness of the CNRZNN model are analyzed and proved theoretically. For verification and comparison, three experiments and the existing noise-tolerant ZNN (NTZNN) model are introduced to investigate the effectiveness, convergence and robustness of the CNRZNN model. Compared with the NTZNN model, the CNRZNN model has more generality and stronger robustness. Specifically, the NTZNN model is a special form of the CNRZNN model, and the residual error of CNRZNN can converge rapidly and stably to order 10−5 when solving CTDLE under complex linear noises, which is much lower than order 10−1 of the NTZNN model. Analogously, under complex quadratic noises, the residual error of the CNRZNN model can converge to 2∥A∥F/ζ3 quickly and stably, while the residual error of the NTZNN model is divergent.

The game analysis is known as a useful tool for understanding the level of technical-tactical performance of volleyball. As one of the main characteristics of volleyball is defined as the intense relationship between its skills and concluded performance, the present study aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of the serve reception zone, set zone and attack quality of the top-level volleyball players. The analysis process included reviewing the videos of the games by an experienced scout man who was an expert analyst and specialist in the knowledge of volleyball skills. Initially, during each game video checking, data were collected, and irrelevant/invalid outputs were deleted. Data were exported to the Data Volley special volleyball analysis software. Bivariate associations were assessed for pairs of variables with Pearson’s chi-squared tests. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Moreover, the effect size was calculated in terms of Crammer’s V, with values of <0.1, 0.1-0.3 and > 0.5 for small, medium, and large effects respectively. The results showed that there were significant relationships between reception zone with setting zone, setting zone with attack quality as well as reception zone with attack quality. Coaches may consider the relationship between critical skills of volleyball to promote their team performance.

This paper investigates the problem of computing the time-varying {2,3}- and {2,4}-inverses through the zeroing neural network (ZNN) method, which is presently regarded as a state-of-the-art method for computing the time-varying matrix Moore–Penrose inverse. As a result, two new ZNN models, dubbed ZNN23I and ZNN24I, for the computation of the time-varying {2,3}- and {2,4}-inverses, respectively, are introduced, and the effectiveness of these models is evaluated. Numerical experiments investigate and confirm the efficiency of the proposed ZNN models for computing the time-varying {2,3}- and {2,4}-inverses.

In this paper we use learning trajectories to study 11th grade students’ conceptualization of function as a covariational relationship between two quantities while they engaged in modeling tasks to support their experimentation and conceptualizations. Pairs of students used digital tools that offer integrated representations of functions while working on an instructional sequence of modeling tasks in their mathematics classrooms. The analysis shows students’ progressive conceptualization of functional relationships starting from quantitative and covariational relationships using learning trajectories. The findings indicate the potential of upper secondary students to conceptualize function as a covariational relationship involving the rate of change, as well as the role of the available tools and the role of models and their connections in students’ conceptualizations.

A stellar occultation by Neptune's main satellite, Triton, was observed on 5 October 2017 from Europe, North Africa, and the USA. We derived 90 light curves from this event, 42 of which yielded a central flash detection. We aimed at constraining Triton's atmospheric structure and the seasonal variations of its atmospheric pressure since the Voyager 2 epoch (1989). We also derived the shape of the lower atmosphere from central flash analysis. We used Abel inversions and direct ray-tracing code to provide the density, pressure, and temperature profiles in the altitude range $\sim$8 km to $\sim$190 km, corresponding to pressure levels from 9 {\mu}bar down to a few nanobars. Results. (i) A pressure of 1.18$\pm$0.03 {\mu}bar is found at a reference radius of 1400 km (47 km altitude). (ii) A new analysis of the Voyager 2 radio science occultation shows that this is consistent with an extrapolation of pressure down to the surface pressure obtained in 1989. (iii) A survey of occultations obtained between 1989 and 2017 suggests that an enhancement in surface pressure as reported during the 1990s might be real, but debatable, due to very few high S/N light curves and data accessible for reanalysis. The volatile transport model analysed supports a moderate increase in surface pressure, with a maximum value around 2005-2015 no higher than 23 {\mu}bar. The pressures observed in 1995-1997 and 2017 appear mutually inconsistent with the volatile transport model presented here. (iv) The central flash structure does not show evidence of an atmospheric distortion. We find an upper limit of 0.0011 for the apparent oblateness of the atmosphere near the 8 km altitude.

Psychiatric disorders that are characterized by impairments in sustained attention, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and major depression are also sensitive to exacerbation by stress. Sustained attention relies on cholinergic and non-cholinergic projections from the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) in the basal forebrain to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). We have previously shown that central administration of the stress neuropeptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) impairs performance on the sustained attention task (SAT) in adult male and female rats. The present study investigated whether this effect was mediated by CRF's action in the NBM. Rats were administered CRF in the NBM and subsequent SAT performance was measured. A high dose of CRF (100 ng) significantly impaired performance on non-signaled events across sex. Because performance on non-signaled events is believed to depend on non-cholinergic (i.e., GABA and glutamate) signaling, high performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify amino acid levels in the NBM and mPFC. We found females have higher levels of glutamate, glutamine, GABA glycine, and alanine in the NBM than males. Importantly, CRF in the NBM led to a local decrease of taurine and several amino acids involved in glutamate synthesis in males and females, changes which may mediate the CRF-induced SAT performance deficit. Together these studies suggest that CRF regulation of amino acids in the NMB contributes to stress-induced attention deficits.